Transcript Document
Parallel Session on Neutrinos Very brief summary of the field: • Strong evidence for two different neutrino oscillations • Consistent picture emerging in terms of a MNSP matrix, analogous to the CKM matrix in the quark sector MNSP matrix Questions/priorities: • Improve the measurements of the atmospheric (D(m23)2, q23) and solar (D(m12)2, q12) mixing parameters •Neutrino mass hierarchy: m1<m2<m3 or m3<m1<m2? neutrinoless • Absolute neutrino mass scale? bb decay • Fundamental nature of neutrinos: Dirac or Majorana? • Measure the other MNSP parameters: q13, CP phase d • LSND result? • Beyond the beyond… • Precision measurements of neutrino cross-sections } CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 1 May 24, 2003 D(m12)2, q12 Sudbury Neutrino Observatory • D2O Čerenkov Detector • Solar 8B neutrinos • Three signals: CC (charged current) EC (elastic scattering) NC (neutral current) D+nep+p+eD+nxp+n+ee-+nxe-+ nx 5.3s appearance of nm,t in a ne beam Full SSM (solar standard model) flux Talks by Neil McCauley, John Orrell CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 2 May 24, 2003 D(m12)2, q12 KamLAND • Liquid Scintillator • Reactor ne • Inverse b-decay coincidence signal: ne+pe++n n+pD+g (2.2 MeV) • Deficit in rate analysis: (Nobs–NBG)/Nno-osc = 0.611 0.085 (stat) 0.041 (syst) • “Standard” ne propagation ruled out at the 99.95% CL • Rate+shape analysis sets additional constraints on mixing parameters Talk by Bruce Berger CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 3 May 24, 2003 D(m12)2, q12 Solar mixing parameter summary (two flavor mixing, CPT conserved) Before SNO 2002 With SNO 2002 LMA preferred KamLAND rate LMA confirmed KamLAND rate+shape Additional LMA constraints CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 4 May 24, 2003 D(m12)2, q12 Future: Smirnov hep-ph/0212270 SNO: Dm2 sensitivity in day/night asymmetry CC/NC ratio measures q12 (contours on plot) KamLAND: Dm2 measurement with more reactor data Sensitivity to q12 in reactor phase (without MSW) Solar phase measures q12 with 7Be CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 5 May 24, 2003 D(m23)2, q23 MINOS • Accelerator neutrino experiment to measure “atmospheric” neutrino oscillation • iron/plastic scintillator, magnetic field • nt appearance in nm beam • near and far detectors to control systematics, backgrounds • can check both nmnt and nmnt oscillations in atmospheric neutrinos • can also search for subdominant nm-nt mixing • construction and commissioning ongoing • first beam late 2004 Talk by Hugh Gallagher CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 6 May 24, 2003 Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay • If neutrinos are Majorana and not Dirac particles, double beta decay with no neutrinos is possible • Rate is proportional to mbb, which depends on all neutrino masses and mixing angles (plus new Majorana phases!) 3 mbb Uei mi i 2 i1 • mbb depends on hierarchy • Null result doesn’t rule out Majorana n • Other beyond SM possibilities… Dm2>0 Dm2<0 normal inverted Talk by Rabi Mohapatra CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 7 May 24, 2003 Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay Measurement issues: Tiny signal Backgrounds: • 2nbb – good energy resolution • radioactivity – very clean materials • cosmogenic – work underground Nuclear matrix elements difficult to calculate CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 8 May 24, 2003 0nbb by very different techniques CUORE/Cuoricino • 130Te, natural abundance 33.87%, 760 kg • bolometric detector at 10 mK – 1 MeV DT=0.1mK 1 mV • 2533 MeV endpoint, 6-8 keV resolution • Curoricino now running – ~0.4 eV sensitivity in 1 year • 66-140 meV Majorana • 76Ge, 85% enriched, 500 kg • Germanium ionization detector – mature technology • 2039 MeV endpoint, 3-4 keV resolution • 20-70 meV EXO • 136Xe, enriched, • liquid Xe TPC • extraction and identification of Ba daughter event by event CUORE talk by Rick Norman • 2479 MeV endpoint, 2.5% resolution Majorana talk by Albert Young • 10’s of meV EXO talk by Peter Rowson CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 9 May 24, 2003 Reactor measurement of q13 Future Reactor q13 Experiment Present Reactor Experiments detector 1 detector 2 • 2-3 detectors • Variable baseline • Independent of absolute n flux • Sensitivity down to sin22q13 ~ 0.01-2 • Independent of CP phase d, sign of D(m23)3, matter effects Diablo Canyon, CA Talk by Karsten Heeger CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 10 May 24, 2003 Accelerator measurement of q13, d MNSP Matrix: ~cosd Probability of nmne depends on multiple MNSP parameters: • q13 • CP phase d • matter effects ~sind Neutrino and antineutrino running give complementary measurements sin22q13 Different experiments also make complementary measurements e.g. JHF-SK, NuMI CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 11 May 24, 2003 NuMI • Off-axis neutrinos from MINOS beam – can run simultaneously • Narrow band 2 GeV beam • nmne counting experiment • 50 kton detector, high efficiency, good NC background rejection • Both neutrino and antineutrino running • Measurement of nmne, or 20 improvement over CHOOZ limit in 5 years Energy selected by distance off-axis Talk by Adam Para CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 12 May 24, 2003 Ultra-long Baseline Experiment? nm DISAPPEARANCE Basic parameters: • BNL Homestake: 2450 km • Wideband on-axis beam: 1-6 GeV • High flux: upgrade AGS to 1MW • 500 kT water Čerenkov detector (e.g. UNO) BNL-HS 2540 km 250 2 sin 2q23 = 1.0 2 Dm 200 32 = 2 2.5e-3 eV 1 MW, 0.5 MT, 5e7 sec No oscillations: 13290 evts 150 With oscillations: 6538 evts Background: 1211 evts 100 A wideband beam at long baseline gives oscillations vs. energy across the beam energy range 50 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Reconstructed n Energy (GeV) dCP and sign of Dm2 change shape of observed oscillation, so they can be measured by fitting the shape of the spectrum • sensitivity down to very low q12 Measure everything in one experiment Talk by Zohreh Parsa CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 13 May 24, 2003 Big question in neutrino oscillation physics: too many Dm2! LSND Oscillations or something else? ●Karmen ●MiniBooNE Through what mechanism? ●CPT violation ●sterile neutrinos CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 14 May 24, 2003 LSND muon DAR ●neutrino beam -- 30m baseline ●n n appearance result m e ● Karmen ●search for n n appearance result m e ●set exclusion limit, report joint analysis ●searched for rare muon decays LSND result from rare muon decay? signal from LF-viol. m+ decay excluded by Karmen talk by K. Eitel CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 15 May 24, 2003 MiniBooNE will address the LSND signal nmne appearance search Confirm or rule out ne appearance to 5s -- results in 2005 ●results on n disappearance expected m this Fall ●cross sections and exotics results this Fall/Winter ● talk by T. Hart CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 16 May 24, 2003 CPT violation in neutrino sector mnmn LSND Atmospheric Solar KamLAND CPT talk by G. Barenboim CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 17 May 24, 2003 Add one or more sterile neutrinos do not interact weakly, but can oscillate with SM neutrinos 3+1 models Combine results from short baseline experiments reporting no oscillations NSBL: Bugey, CHOOZ, CCFR84, CDHS, Karmen Overlap with LSND region? 3+2 talk by M. Sorel CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 18 May 24, 2003 Include two or more sterile neutrinos 3+2 models 3+2 talk by M. Sorel CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 19 May 24, 2003 High precision detectors and high flux neutrino sources neutrino scattering physics CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 20 May 24, 2003 New Charm production results from CHORUS Charm hadron production from nN DIS NetScan Data reconstruct vertex int.vtx + D0 decay vtx D0 production in nN CC interactions ● Phys. Lett. B 527 (2002) 173-181 c+ production in nN CC interactions ● Phys. Lett. B 555 (2002) 156-166 Semi-leptonic branching fraction of charm hadrons nN CC interactions ● Phys. Lett. B 549 (2002) 48-57 Analysis Ongoing! ● ● ● Quasi elastic c+ production Anti-neutrino charm production Associated charm production in both charged and neutral current • Update of results with full statistics Chorus talk by M. Komatsu CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 21 May 24, 2003 ~1 GeV Neutrino Cross Sections little data at low energies ●unfold nuclear effects ●cross sections important for osc. experiments ●as probes of other physics ●number of experiments coming online ● NC p0 channel talk by E. Hawker CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 22 May 24, 2003 ~2-10 GeV Neutrino Cross Sections DIS cross sections Upcoming measurements ●Modeling the DIS to resonance from MINerVA region ● talk by A. Bodek Push towards generalized neutrino event generators talk by H. Gallagher ●NEUGEN Model features of neutrino scattering physics ●NUANCE Fermi motion, nuclear effects, etc. ●..... CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 23 May 24, 2003 n n FINeSE NC p CC p n m high flux neutrino scattering experiment ●fully active, highly segmented detector ● m-ID Measure NC/CC ratio GAs(Q2=0) Ds strange spin of the proton ● NC/CC ratio: (vs Q2) Ds = -0.1 stat errors only precision neutrino cross sections ● Ds = 0.0 Ds = +0.1 nm disappearance with MiniBooNE ● talk by M. Wascko CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 24 proposal submission soon data taking ~2006 May 24, 2003 At still lower energies: Modeling of inelastic nN cross sections ●n-deuteron breakup reactions at SNO energies ● pp-fusion at threshold (SSM) Effective Field Theories n(n) scattering models to NNLO Fits and constraints: ●Reactor data ●SNO cross section measurements ●Helioseismology talk by M. Butler CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 25 May 24, 2003 2 SNS Low energy neutrino cross section measurments at Spallation Neutron Source Neutrino Energy Spectrum 0.04 0.035 Neutrino Flux 0.03 SNS nm 0.025 nm ne 0.02 0.015 0.01 0.005 0 with 1023 neutrinos per year from SNS study cross sections of interest to nuclear astrophysics and nuclear theory ●SuperNova neutrino interaction cross sections ● 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 Energy, MeV CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming Detector commissioning ~2008 26 May 24, 2003 Fantastically interesting time for neutrino physics Neutrino masses ●New results from KamLAND and SNO on solar neutrinos ●modeling these low energy neutrino cross sections 2 ●Upcoming measurements at SNS ● Details of the MNSP matrix.....Is q13 small? CP violation? ● Neutrino-less Double Beta Decay ● Is the LSND signal due to oscillations? Through what mechanism? ● Rekindled interest in neutrino scattering physics neutrinos as probes -- Ds, nuclear effects, DIS to resonance region ● A lot more to see at CIPANP 2006! CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 27 May 24, 2003 It’s over – go home. CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 28 May 24, 2003 high precision detection devices have allowed for new high precision mmnts. -- CHORUS this combined with high neutrino fluxes have Rekindled interest in neutrino scattering physics at lower energies FINeSE and MINerVA lots of osc and xsec expts have pushed us towards generalized cross section monte carlos and cross section models(Eric, hugh's and aries work) then need to understand cross sections at lower energy too because of theory -new facilites at SNS will allow for these measurements. CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 29 May 24, 2003 High precision neutrino detection -- new measurements CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 30 May 24, 2003 MNSP matrix mixing between all three active flavors Ue1 Ue2 Ue3 Um1 Um2 Um3 = Ut1 Ut2 Ut3 Far off-axis long baseline experiments look for CP violation in neutrino sector Posc(n nb) ne nm nt three mixing angles possible CP Violating phase, d in Ue3 n1 n2 n3 CP + matter, Dm2 <0 CP matter effects modify this! Dm2>0 Dm2<0 CP + matter, Dm2 >0 d Posc(n nb) CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 31 May 24, 2003 LSND? LSND • reported nm ne signal KARMEN • no evidence of this signal •MiniBooNE • accelerator experiment that can definitively confirm or rule out LSND • now running (8.5% of target luminosity) • nm disappearance results this fall • ne appearance results in 2005 The three different Dm’s cannot be consistent with three-neutrino mixing If MiniBooNE confirms LSND, then things get very interesting… KARMEN talk by Klaus Eitel MiniBooNe talk by Terry Hart CIPANP2003 “Neutrinos” Summary – Berger/Fleming 32 May 24, 2003