Transcript INTRODUKSI ILMU BEDAH ORTHOPAEDI

THE MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
introduction
Nani Cahyani Sudarsono
Dohar Tobing
The basics
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Anatomy
Physiology
Histology
Biochemistry
Biomechanics
Kinematics
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
Bone
By kind permission of Tim Arnett - Bone Research Society [http://www.brsoc.org.uk/gallery/default.htm]
Bone
By kind permission of Tim Arnett - Bone Research Society [http://www.brsoc.org.uk/gallery/default.htm]
Bone
Osteocyte lacunae & canaliculae in human cortical (finger) bone
By kind permission of Tim Arnett - Bone Research Society [http://www.brsoc.org.uk/gallery/default.htm]
Bone
By kind permission of Alan Boyde
Bone Research Society [http://www.brsoc.org.uk/gallery/default.htm]
Muscle
Muscle
Muscle
Molecular Model of Sarcomere
Copyright 2001-2004, E.C. Niederhoffer. All Rights Reserved
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History of Musculoskeletal
medicine
• 9000 BC : use of splint
• 5000 BC : amputation
• 2000 BC : use of crutch (Egypt)
• 5 BC
: Hippocrates  technique of
reposition of acute dislocation of the
shoulder
History of Musculoskeletal
medicine
• 1728-1793 : John Hunter - Father of
Surgical Research
• 19th century:
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Long (USA): Anesthesiology
Pasteur (France): Bacteria
Lister (Scotland): Antiseptic
Röntgen (Germany) : X-ray machine
History of Musculoskeletal
medicine
• 20th century
– The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1922: Hill & Meyerhof
• discovery relating to the production of heat in
the muscle
• discovery of the fixed relationship between the
consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of
lactic acid in the muscle
History of Musculoskeletal
medicine
• 20th century
– Skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise
– Drugs for musculoskeletal
– Surgical technique – minimal invasive
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Congenital
Inflammation
Injury / Trauma
Neoplasm
Degenerative
Miscellaneous ( metabolic, epiphyseal
disorders)
Diagnosis
• Anamnesis :
– Auto / Allo
• Physical examination (P.E.)
– Look, Feel, Move
– N.v.d.
• Adjunct
– Lab
– Imaging
– Electrodiagnosis (EMG)
• Tissue Diagnosis
• Invasive & non invasive
Therapy
• Medical
• Surgical
• Physical (eq Physiotherapy)
Goal :
“Maximum rehabilitation
& prevention
of patient as a whole”
Phil Searle: http://www.teambath.com/?p=3889
http://medicine.ucsf.edu/housestaff/files/
cme_knee.ppt#287,19,Knee Radiographs
http://www.orthogastonia.com/index.php/fuseaction/patient
_ed.topicdetail/TopicID/4224b24737b5599e345b42bb7d1
3df68/area/17
anatomy &
biomechanics
of lower extremity
pathology of the
injury
History – PE adjuncts
assessment  diagnosis
treatment of choice
History – PE adjuncts
anatomy &
biomechanics
of lower extremity
pathology of the
injury
assessment  diagnosis
treatment of choice
treatment of choice
rehabilitation
rehabilitation
prevention
(of recurrence)
Understanding MS disease
• Must know THE BASICS of MS
(anatomy, physiology, histology, etc)
• Must know HISTORY TAKING, PE
• Must know MS DISEASES ENTITY
Thank you