Transcript Tallow Recovery Project

Why do I need water
treatment
Breakdown of utilities
Effective Water Treatment
 Helps ensure safe & reliable
system operation
 Minimizes energy, water &
maintenance costs
 Maximizes life of a major capital
investment
Poor Water Treatment
 Increases liability concerns
 Results in downtime & production losses
 Increases labor & maintenance costs
 Increases energy & water costs
 Results in premature equipment replacement
Effective Water Treatment Requires a
Comprehensive Approach
 Technical Expertise
 The Right Feed &
Control Equipment
 Quality Treatment
Products
 Service Orientation
 Dedication to Meeting
Individual Needs
Effects of Scale
Efficiency loss
Efficiency Loss Caused by Scale Formation
% energy Loss
Expon. (% energy Loss)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1/64"
1/32"
1/16"
1/8"
3/16"
1/4"
3/8"
1/2"
5/8"
3/4"
Effects of Corrosion
Effects of Microbiological
Cycles of Concentration
 Any dissolved solids that were in the water are left behind
& concentrate in the remaining water
 Cycles reflect the degree makeup impurities are
concentrated in system water
TDS =
100 ppm
TDS =
200 ppm
TDS =
300 ppm
TDS
=
400 ppm
1 Cycle
2 Cycles
3 Cycles
4 Cycles
Makeup Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) = 100 ppm
Cycles & Bleed
Makeup
With zero bleed, cycles will
continually increase
6
5
4
3
2
Time
6
5
4
3
2
1
Constant Evaporation
Time
Constant Evaporation
Makeup
Bleed
Bleed used to maintain
desired cycles
 Bleed or blowdown is the deliberate discharge of system
water to maintain the desired cycles (dissolved solids level)
Importance of Cycles
Annual Tower Treatment Costs Vs. Cycles
Cycles
2
3
5
7
Water Cost
$51,840
$38,880
$32,400
$30,240
Inhibitor Cost
$25,920
$15,552
$7,776
$5,184
Total Cost
$77,760
$54,432
$40,176
$35,424
Based on 1000 Ton Load, 24 Hr/Day, 240 Days/Year, Water Cost of $2.50/1000 gal, Inhibitor Cost
of $2.50/1000 gal bleed
Why Treat Closed Loops
• Water and Metal don’t mix!
•
The metal surfaces of your closed loop system are meant to last decades and they can if
they are properly protected. A chilled water system line can last 40 – 50 years with
proper treatment, but they can fail in as little as a couple years without treatment. Hot
water system lines have been known to fail in the first year without treatment.
• Hot Water Systems can become scaled.
•
Calcium deposits can form on heating surfaces in areas with high hardness. Proper
treatment can prevent any scale formation.
• Anaerobic bacteria can destroy a closed loop system.
•
• Glycols are more corrosive than water by itself.
Even though the system is not exposed to sunlight or air, bacterial can still grow in it.
•
The corrosion rate of carbon steels and copper alloys in a 30% glycol solution is 10-15
times greater than in plain water.
What can happen if I don’t treat my
closed loop