Transcript Document

R&D activities in
Florence
Geppo Cagnoli
INFN and U. of Glasgow
WG2 & WG3 Meeting – 27th Apr. 2006 - Firenze
Firenze/Urbino group
• 6 Staff members working on STREGA:
•
•
•
•
•
Flavio Vetrano
Filippo Martelli
Giovanni Losurdo
Francesco Piergiovanni
Geppo Cagnoli
Francesco Marin
• Supporting staff members:
– Andrea Vicere’
– Gianluca Guidi
• 2 Post docs:
Enrico Campagna
Francesco Marino
• 2 PhD Students:
Matteo Lorenzini
Elisabetta Cesarini
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Firenze and Urbino
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Activities on thermal noise
• Modelling of thermal noise for Virgo optics and suspensions
(funded by EGO)
• Measurements on crystalline silicon fibres (CRYSTAL
collaboration, funded by INFN )
• Study of new materials for 3rd generation interferometric
GW detectors (JRA3-STREGA collaboration)
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Silicon fibres measurements setup
Fibre is clamped
with 2 Al blocks
Vacuum chamber
P = 10-5/10-6 mbar
X-Y shadow sensor
Fibre profile
measurements setup
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Finite element analysis
WG2/3 Meeting - GWA - Firenze
photodiodes
exciter
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Achievements
• Profiling and modelling
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Achievements
cont.
• Measurements
L=111.5 mm
average diameter 242 mm
L=308 mm
fp 
1
p
 2.16
average diameter 574 mm
k (1  c)
 cV d 2
L [mm]
Y [GPa]
a [1/K]
k [W/(mK)]
c
111.5±0.5
308.0±0.5
150±11
174±12
(2.54±0.13)
(2.56±0.11)
146±13
138±11
0.018±0.002
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Open points
• Excess losses with 1.5mm diameter fibre
loss angle
1.2E-04
9.19e-4
48kg round
1.0E-04
55kg flat
8.0E-05
New clamp hand
tightened
Slotted clamp 100 kg
Slotted clamp - broken
fibre
6.0E-05
Short head - hand
tightened
4.0E-05
2.0E-05
thermoelastic
0.0E+00
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Frequency [Hz]
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Open points
cont.
• Like in Glasgow we used a piezo for sensing
and for exciting the structure
1.E-02
Without mass
With 600 g mass
Amplitude [V]
1.E-03
Fibre
1.E-04
1.E-05
Structure
1.E-06
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Frequency [Hz]
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Open points
cont.
• Excess losses are higher for the “orthogonal”
than for “parallel” modes (!!)
1.E-01
orthogonal
1
Amplitude [V]
1.E-02
2
3
parallel
1.E-03
4
5
6
7
1.E-04
1.E-05
10
100
1000
10000
Frequency [Hz]
Force and torque on the clamp
(G.Cagnoli, F. Martelli, F. Piergiovanni)
2
2
2

 d   L 
F  3.2 103 
 

 1 mm   20 cm 
 d   L 
M  5.8 10 
 

 1 mm   20 cm 
4
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WG2/3 Meeting - GWA - Firenze
E
T  ai 
N
11
1.7 10 Pa 106 J  11 
1
2
E
T
Nm
11
1.7 10 Pa 106 J
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Cryogenic facility
Study of the properties of materials suitable for 3rd generation
interferometric GW detectors
To be performed inside the JRA3-STREGA collaboration
Measurements concern
Thermal
conductivity
Crystalline Silicon Samples
Thermal expansion
coefficient
Q measurements
(possible, but our set up is not
optimized for this)
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The cryostat
A.S. Scientific cryostat
Experimental volume:
about 14 dm3
Vacuum chamber
Outer tank
Liquid N2
Inner tank
Liquid He
Outer cold shield
Inner cold shield
30 cm
Optical
windows
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Experimental chamber
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Optical
windows
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Thermal conductivity measurement
INSULATOR
BOX
HEATER
CLAMP
THERMOMETERS
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
HEATER
COPPER
BOX
ΔT
P=
ΔT = 1 K
Rt
L
k=
Rt St
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Measurement of the power loss
• We are measuring the heat lost by wire conduction and radiation
1mW of heating power
INSULATOR
BOX
HEATER
CLAMP
THERMOMETERS
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
HEATER
COPPER
BOX
At room temperature we have measured:
Heat Capacity of the sample
4.2 J/K
Heat Conductivity
3.7 mW/K
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Thermal expansion measurement
facility
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Measuring cavity
Very soft elastic blades
Sample
Laser
Mobile clamp
Mirrors
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Fixed clamp
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The reference cavity
Vacuum chamber hosting reference cavity
Heating wires for RC temperature control
Elastic Cu/Be blades
Mirror
Reference material: zerodur
Piezo actuator
Result of the
temperature stabilization
(Matteo Lorenzini)
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1K
1h
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Photothermal effect facility
Small spot size results
C1
QW
PD1
Frequency
servo loop
Oscilloscope
+
PC
PBS
AOM
Cavity
servo loop
13.3 MHz
C2
PD2
Laser
O.I.
PD4
EOM2
EOM1
BS
PBS
QW
PD3
Low frequency:
size effect
High frequency:
coating effect
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Conclusion
• First measurement of thermal
conductivity expected soon
• The reference cavity for thermal
expansion measurements is being
assembled
• Photothermal facility is working
successfully
• We are looking forward to show you our
labs tomorrow afternoon
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