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Standard 10.2a Review To be done after covering Chapter 1 Section 5, Chapter 2 Sections 1 & 3, and Chapter 4 Section 3 Vocabulary Enlightenment Magna Carta John Locke Declaration of Enlightened despots Independence Articles of Confederation Constitution Enlightenment Closely followed the Scientific Revolution (ideas that develop in one area will affect other aspects of life). Characterized by questioning of the old ways Human reason could solve social problems Scientific thinking replaced superstition, fear, and intolerance Individual achievement and dignity are of great importance. Changed the relationship between people and their government Enlightenment Writers Many faced censorship because they challenged the old order Mary Wollstonecraft: AVindication of the Rights of Woman, women and men should have equal education John Locke: life, liberty, and property are natural rights that should be protected by government English Government Magna Carta: limited power of the monarch English Bill of Rights: Asserted the rights of Parliament over the monarch and listed basic rights for the people Constitutional Monarchy: The Monarchs had to obey laws. Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson Influenced by Enlightenment “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness; that to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed.” American Revolution Unique: 1st revolution claiming men had inalienable given rights. Declaration of Independence: “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all Men are created equal,…” July 4, 1776 “the shot heard around the world” Lexington and Concord (start of the revolution) Causes: enlightenment ideas, Stamp Act of 1765 and import tax on tea , and occupation of Boston by British troops after the Boston Tea Party During the War The French entered the Revolution on the side of the Colonists The cost of the war was expensive for the British After Winning Independence Americans established a Democratic Republic Constitution: Federal System divides power between national and state governments Checks and Balances: prevent any one person or group from gaining too much power. U.S. Bill of Rights: created to protect and guarantee the rights of citizens Americans Adopted English Ways A bill of rights guaranteeing freedom of speech and religion A strong legislature and strong executive which act as checks on each other A representative form of government Homework Create a Double Bubble Thinking Map comparing John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu -Identify ideas -Identify document(s) they influenced Standard 10.2b Review Chapter 3 Sections 1-4 and Chapter 4 Sections 1-2 French Revolution Causes Effects Heavy taxation on the third Nationalism estate No taxation on the first and second estates Government debt caused by participating in American Revolution Napoleon as leader Revolutions American Revolution French Revolution Representative Representative Government Government Nationalism Congress of Vienna Concert of Europe Ensure a balance of power Ensure a balance of power between nations between nations Founding Documents U.S. Declaration of Independence French Declaration of the Rights of Man Governments must protect Governments must protect the rights of the people the rights of the people Homework Create a Tree Map of French Types of Government Absolute Monarchy Constitutional Monarchy Democratic Despotism Define each and give an example of that kind of ruler.