Upper Limb Regions
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Transcript Upper Limb Regions
Upper Limb Regions
• Shoulder
• Arm & Forearm
• Hand
Shoulder region
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Bones
Joints
Muscles
Vessels & Nerves
Shoulder Osteology
•Clavicle
•Scapula
•Humerus
Clavicle Sup.
S shape
Latin clavis = key, old Roman key was S-shaped
Clavicle Inf.
Ligaments attachment
Conoid: cone shape
Clavicle Ant.
Medial & lateral ends
korax = a crow
Posterior
Anterior
Glene: Greek = socket
acromion: Greek akros = Hill
Shoulder Separation
Ant.
Lat.
Subacromial bursa
Bursitis
Shoulder X-ray, AP projection
1, Clavicle.
2, Acromion.
3, Greater tubercle.
4, Lesser tubercle.
5, Neck of Humerus.
6, Humerus.
7, Coracoid Process.
8, Axillary border of
scapula.
9, Rib.
Shoulder region
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Bones
Joints
Muscles
Vessels & Nerves
Classifications of muscles that move
the shoulder
• A. muscles connecting scapula to humerus
• B. muscles connecting trunk to scapula
• C. muscles connecting trunk to humerus
Biceps & Triceps tendons
A. muscles connecting scapula to humerus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Teres major
Coracobrachialis
Deltoid
Short muscles
Quiz
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
Teres major
• Origin:
– Inf angle of scapula
• Insertion:
– Med lip of groove
• Actions:
– Internal rotation and
adduction of arm
Coracobrachialis
• Function:
flex & adduct
the shoulder joint
Deltoid
• Origin:
– Clavicle, scapula
• Insertion:
– Deltoid tuberosity of
humerus
• Actions:
– Abduction
– Anterior deltoid: internal
rotation
– Posterior deltoid:
external rotation
Classifications of muscles that move
the shoulder
• A. muscles connecting scapula to humerus
• B. muscles connecting trunk to scapula
• C. muscles connecting trunk to humerus
B. muscles connecting trunk to scapula
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Serratus anterior
Levator scapula
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Trapezius
Pectoralis minor
Serratus Anterior
• Origin:
– Ribs
• Insertion:
– Medial border of
scapula
• Actions:
– Protraction and
rotation of
scapula
• Origin:
– Cervical
vertebrae
• Insertion:
– Scapula
• Action:
– Elevation of the
scapula
Levator scapula
Rhomboid major and minor
• Origin:
– Cervical and
Thoracic
vertebrae
• Insertion:
– Scapula
• Actions:
– Retraction
– Elevation
Trapezius
• Origin:
– Occipital bone of skull,
cervical and thoracic
vertebrae
• Insertion:
– Clavicle and Scapula
• Actions:
– Elevation
– retraction
Pectoralis Minor
• Origin:
– Ribs
• Insertion:
– Coracoid process
of scapula
• Action:
– Depression of
scapula
Classifications of muscles that move
the shoulder
• A. muscles connecting scapula to humerus
• B. muscles connecting trunk to scapula
• C. muscles connecting trunk to humerus
C. muscles connecting trunk to humerus
• Pectoralis major
• Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis Major
• Origin:
– Clavicle, sternum, upper
ribs
• Insertion:
– Crest of greater tubercle
and lat lip
• Action:
– Add, med rotation
Latissimus Dorsi
• Origin:
– Vertebrae, sacrum,
ilium
• Insertion:
– Medial lip
• Actions:
– Adduction and med
rotation of humerus
Latissimus Dorsi if humerus is fixed
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Covering th front and back of the trunk.
The pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi both adduct and medially rotate the
Humerus.