Federal Plan for Advanced Networking Research and Development and Trusted Internet Connections (TIC)

March 2008

ITFAN Charge and Terms of Reference

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January 31, Dr. Marburger, Director of OSTP, charged the Committee on Technology to:

 Establish the Interagency Task Force on Advanced Networking (ITFAN)   Direct ITFAN to develop an interagency Federal Plan for Advanced Networking Research and Development Deliver a preliminary draft by May, 2007 to provide input to the FY 2009 Federal budget planning cycle

Terms of Reference Charged ITFAN to Develop a Plan With:

 A strategic vision of current and future needs of the Federal agencies, the commercial sector and the academic community     Recommended scope and objectives for Federal advanced networking R&D Identification of existing networking R&D programs and investments and a gap analysis of existing versus needed advanced networking R&D Identification and prioritization of advanced networking R&D needs A process for developing an implementation roadmap to guide future advanced networking R&D activities

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Slide 2

Schedule for Production of the Federal Plan

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January 31, 2007: Tasking received from OSTP May 15: Produce Draft Federal Plan for Advanced Networking Research and Development; Provide inputs to FY09 Federal research budget submissions July 31: Solicit comments on the Draft Plan from networking researchers from universities, Federal labs, the commercial sector, and others September 30: Cut-off for public comment: Revise the Draft Plan based on comments received October 31: Send revised Draft Plan to Federal agency ITFAN participants for review November 29: Submit Draft Plan for Agency concurrence January 31: Submit Draft Plan for NSTC concurrence April 1: Official distribution of the Plan

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Federal Agencies in ITFAN

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Federal Agency Representation

 DOD           DOE/SC NARA NASA NCO NIH/NLM NIST NSA NSF OSTP USDOJ

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Slide 4

Study Context

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Based on visions of critical Federal advanced networking capabilities for the middle for the next decade Identify research priorities across the Federal networking R&D portfolio Support the American Competitiveness Initiative’s call for increased Federal investment to:

 Ensure continued U.S. leadership in scientific and technological innovation  Substantially improve capacity, adaptability and end-to-end performance of Federal research networks

Advanced networks include heterogeneous anytime anywhere networking:

 Federation across domains and widely differing technologies      Dynamic mobile networking with autonomous management Quality of service Support for sensornets Near-real-time autonomous discovery, configuration and management of resources End-to-end security tailored to the application and user

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Communications & Networking Near to Mid-Term Architecture Tier 4 Global Coverage

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Tier 3 Wide Area Coverage GEOS LEOS Aircraft Tier 2 Inter-Team Coverage AAVs

JTRS

Tier 1 Team Coverage Ground Based

R

JTRS GIG-BE R R R R

People Weapons Sensors

R R = Internet Router or JTRS WNW R R

Radio Land Line (wire or fiber)

R GIG-BE FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY R R R TCS

Global-Area Network Wide-Area Network Medium-Area Network

R

Local Area Network

R R

UGS Slide 6

Four major Networking Goals

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A proposed coordinated research effort across Federal agencies focused on four goals:

 Goal 1: Provide network services anytime, anywhere    Goal 2: Make secure global federated networks possible Goal 3: Manage network complexity and heterogeneity Goal 4: Foster innovation through development of advanced network systems and technologies

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Slide 7

Five Dimensions of Networking Research

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For each networking goal, the plan considered five dimensions of networking research:

 Foundations: Develop architectural principles, frameworks, and network models to deal with complexity, heterogeneity, multi domain federation, management, and transparency, end-to-end performance, and differentiated services.     Design: Develop secure, near-real-time, flexible, adaptive services with built-in intelligence to facilitate discovery, federation, and management of resources across domains and to increase the application robustness and invulnerability to attack even in extraordinarily complex systems and new ways of interconnecting networks to provide those services.

Management: Develop management methods and tools that enable effective deployment, control, and utilization of networks and resources in dynamic environments, across domains, and with ever increasing network and application complexity.

Security: Achieve a high degree of security even in complex, heterogeneous federation and policy environments, especially in the face of component failures, malicious activities, and attacks, while also respecting privacy Usability: Develop adaptable, user-centered services and interfaces that promote efficiency, effectiveness, and meeting user needs without overwhelming users with unneeded data.

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Slide 8

Example of Analysis and Findings Goal 2: Global Federated Networks

Design Goals Current Practice

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Enable users to discover, schedule, and monitor resources across Federations

   Phone-based and email exchanges to coordinate sharing of information among users Limited sharing of state information across domains to enable user services Multicast and full sharing across heterogeneous network subject to security and policy restrictions.  Web crawlers, directories, and other methods that place the burden on the user to find the right sources among a massive set.

 Minimal ability for individual users to schedule and monitor resources

Mid-Next-Decade – Baseline Program

  Phone-based and email exchanges persist resulting in poor end-to-end performance and inefficient use of the networks resources Search engines with advanced AI will improve ability to focus on relevant information, but “search overload” remains an issue for the end users.

Remaining Challenges

 Control and signaling plane technology that can assist the end users by seamlessly integrating diverse technologies (wireless, optical, packet switched, circuit switched, etc) to compose e2e path with user defined characteristics.

 Tools to allow the users to view network monitoring, status reporting, and control information   Enable users to interact with network management to optimize performance to meet local demands while remaining globally consistent Distributed policies engines to support multi-domain e2e QoS, security certificates, SLAs, etc.

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Slide 9

Technology Development Cycle

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Federal research efforts are part of a technology development cycle

 Basic and applied research in the full range of network hardware, software, security and middleware needed to support the next generation of uses for networks and explore new paths   Partnerships with application developers to test basic research ideas on real problems in areas including national security, support of scientific leadership, and human health A suite of testbeds that enable understanding and creation of new technologies in the large and the small. The large scale of existing deployed networks such as the Internet limits research and development, while laboratory and simulation studies cannot address some aspects of the solutions, particularly complexity, their ability to scale, and their potential realism. The suite of testbeds and prototypes will range from high flexibility/low cost platforms to high performance embedded systems.

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Slide 10

Plan Analysis

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Task force analysis focused on:

 Existing status of Federal research   Expected results of Federal agency existing and planned research programs to the middle of the next decade Significant research challenges expected to remain in the middle of the next decade under the existing Federal agency networking R&D profile.

Addressing the significant research challenges could provide additional options for meeting agency mission requirements, add significant flexibility, robustness, and scalability to the underlying basic network design and architecture, and support new commercial applications and technologies that will drive future U.S. competitiveness and ensure continued U.S. leadership in networking.

The Task Force strongly supports collaborative partnerships among government organizations and counterparts in the private sector, to accelerate transfer and commercialization of new technologies.

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Slide 11

Conclusions

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The Task Force recommends that the Government pursue the networking challenges aggressively to accelerate progress toward the long-term goals and to gain maximum benefits to the national interest from Federal networking R&D investments.

May 15, 2007 Draft Federal Plan for Advanced Networking Research and Development is currently available at: http://www.nitrd.gov/advancednetworkingplan/PDF/IT FAN-71907.pdf

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Slide 12

Trusted Internet Connections Program

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OMB Memorandum M-08-05:

 Reduce the number of Internet Connections across Federal agencies to the order of 50 connections and develop a “Comprehensive Plan of Action and Milestones (PAM) for TIC”  Submit an initial Plan by January 8 to DHS National Cyber Security Division

OMB/DHS Planning Guidance for Trusted Internet Connections

 Consolidate to a smaller number of Internet connections ( about 50) across all Federal agencies    Use Einstein technology and supporting processes for monitoring, incident notification, and response Continue network security operations: Defense in depth, incident response and direct operational support Ensure performance-based security and service level agreements between all parties

Implement Plan

 Complete an inventory of Internet connections     Assess current architecture Define target inventory and architecture Define the TIC POAM Complete and submit POAM template by January 8, 2008

See http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/egov/c-6-6-its.html

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Slide 13

TIC Current Status

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TIC Architectural Committee is identifying TIC implementation architecture

 July, 2008 Implementation: Phase 1      Start with what we can do and enlarge the architecture as possible – Capture Level 3 Web and email traffic – Many science network applications are initially outside the implementation architecture: Large data flows, high-speed traffic, multicast, IPv6 Architecture committee is working to identify location of the Web and email monitors Phase 2 and Phase 3 implementations are to be identified at a later time: Implement additional monitoring, reporting, response capabilities Requirements for physical security have not yet been defined Architecture Committee indicated interest in working with the science network community to accommodate special needs of science networks.

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