Transcript The Effects of Instrumental Pullout Lessons on Academic

The Effects of Instrumental
Pullout Lessons on
Academic Achievement in
Grades 1-5 and Teacher
Attitudes
Jenna Stamper
Reason for study
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Pullout Lessons are a common way to incorporate instrumental music
into schools, particularly in younger grades.
o 63.5% of bands use pullout lessons (Delzell & Doerksel 1998 as cited by
Hash)
o 74.3% of orchestras use pullout lessons (Delzell & Doerksel 1998 as cited by
Hash)
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Teacher Concerns
o Will my students get behind in their schoolwork?
o Will this cause my workload to increase?
o Will this negatively affect students grades?
Lit. Review: Related
Studies
• Kvet (1985)
o Compared 6th grade student cumulative achievement in reading,
language, math
o Large Sample size: 4 districts, 26 different schools
o Varying demographics, but similar set up for pullout lessons
o Used matched pairing system to control for variables
o Results: No Significant Difference
• Wallick (1998)
o Compared all 4th grade students in an Ohio school district (9,900 students
in district) based on the Ohio Proficiency Test (OPT)
o Used Matched pair system
o Results: No Difference in Writing or Mathematics. Pullout Students
significantly higher score in reading and citizenship
Lit Review Cont’d
• Hash (2011)
o Compared 8th grade scores based on ACTExplore test
• Students involved in band for 5 years
o Results: Students involved in band scored significantly higher
• No difference between band students and non band students that
scored above the mean
• Others with similar research (and similar results)
o Holm- 5th grade
o Corral- 4th and 5th grade
o Groff- 6th grade
Setting
• St. Benedict Preparatory School
o PreK- 12 Catholic School
o Around 850 students total- around 300 in elementary school
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Pullout Lessons on a Fixed Schedule
Meet twice a week for 30 minutes
Grouped by class for strings (grades 1-4)
Grouped by instrument family for band (grades 4
and 5)
o Woodwinds
o Brass and Percussion
Participants
• Elementary School- Classes involved in the study
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4 first grade classes
4 second grad classes
4 third grade classes
3 fourth grade classes
2 fifth grade classes
• All teachers who have students taken out for
instrumental music will take survey
Purpose of My Study
• To determine whether pullout lessons affect
academic achievement in grades 1-5
o Most research focuses on 4th grade and up
o Starting grade typically 4th grade for strings and 5th grade for band
(Hartley & Porter, 2009)
o Based on GPA in Math, Science, Social Studies, Reading/Language arts
o Also cumulative grade
• Analyze teacher attitudes towards pullout lessons
Limitations
• Study takes place in one catholic school only
o Public school student population different than private school
• Grading scale based on GPA, not standardized test
• Because of the relatively low number of participants
it may not represent the general population
• Study does not examine the effects of pullout
lessons on their musical achievement
Research Questions
1. Is there a significant difference in academic
achievement between students involved in pullout
lessons and students who are not?
2. Is there a significant difference between each
grade level and the academic achievement of
students involved in pullout lessons and students
who are not?
3. Is there a significant difference in academic
achievement between subjects within each grade
level?
4. What are the teacher attitudes in relation to pullout
lessons?
Method/ Data Collection
Part 1
• Collect grades in the subjects of Math, Science,
Social Studies and Language arts for each grade
level
• Split into groups: instrumental pullout lesson students
and non pullout lesson students
• Convert grades from Letter grades into Point-based
scale ( A= 4.0, B= 3.0, C= 2.0, D= 1.0)
• Find the Mean, Mode, Standard Deviation of GPA
within each subject in each grade
• Find the Mean, Mode, Standard Deviation of
cumulative grade within each grade
Method/Data Collection
Part 2
• Survey of teachers attitudes towards pullout lessons
• Uses a 7 point Likert scale ranging from strongly
disagree – strongly agree
• one open ended question
• Most Likely paper survey
• Sample Survey Questions:
o Instrumental Music is important in our school
o Pullout lesson do not interfere with my regular teaching
o Pullout lessons do not require me to spend extra time with students who
are involved
o I encourage students to join the instrumental music program
o Pullout lessons are the best way to incorporate instrumental music
Data Analysis
• Mean, Mode, Standard deviation of GPA for band
and non- band students
o By Grade Level
o By subject within Grade Level
• ANOVA (p<.05)
o Is there a significant difference between pullout lessons and non- pullout
lesson students?
• Results of Survey
o Count frequency of responses
o Descriptive statistics
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Could use Cronbach’s alpha
Questions?