Transcript Document
Situation Analysis and Research Priorities for Watershed Development in Gulbarga and Yadgir Districts Presented by Dr. B. M. Chittapur Principal Investigator and Dean (Agri) University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur University of Ag. Sciences, Raichur (HyderabadKarnataka region) jurisdiction Zone- 1 : Bidar Zone – 2 : parts of Raichur Yadgir and Gulbarga districts Zone – 3 : parts of Raichur, Bellary Yadgir and Gulbarga and Koppal, Bidar KWDP II (Sujala –III) World Bank Assisted Watershed Development Project Gulbarga Yadgiri Gadag The project will be implemented in 7 districts, identified by the WDD based on land and water resources and socio-economic conditions. Koppal Davanagere The project will be covering 63 sub-watersheds, which includes 630 micro-watersheds, covering an area of over 315,000 ha. , benefiting farm households of about 200,000 in the state. Chamarajnagar Proposed Project area under UAS, Raichur DISTRICTS NO. OF TALUKS AREA (ha) Gulbarga 07 1,04,527 Yadgir 03 46,965 TOTAL 07 1,51,482 Proposed Project area under UAS, Raichur Districts Gulbarga Yadgir TOTAL No. Of subwatersheds 22 12 34 No of microwatersheds 194 101 295 Geographical Map of Gulbarga District Taluka wise Agriculture situation of Gulbarga district Sl. Specification No Afzalpu r Aland Chincholi Chitapur Gulbarga Jeevargi Sedam District 1 Total area / net sown area (%) 86.6 80.1 83.6 85.5 95.5 88.3 88.6 86.6 2 Area under major crops/ net sown area c(%) 75 66 94 96 83 78 96 84 3 Area under horticulture crops/ net sown area (%) 0.93 1.08 0.6 0.47 1.19 0.17 0.23 1.02 4 Area under commercial crops/ net sown area (%) 4.48 2.63 1.30 0.23 1.18 11.78 0.33 3.63 5 Net irrigated area/net sown area (%) 8.24 6.91 2.64 4.68 4.02 20.9 2.36 7.20 6 no of tractors / 1000 ha 18.51 17.50 15.38 26.35 37.3 14.46 29.22 22.65 7 Live stock units/ lakh population 79503 72753 100920 88866 50162 88741 114098 85024 Taluka wise Agriculture situation of Gulbarga district Sl. Specification No Afzalpu r Aland Chincholi Chitapur Gulbarga Jeevargi Sedam District 1 Normal rainfall (mm) 667 813 1003 840 823 853 896 842.14 2 Normal rainy days ( No) 43 45 49 47 48 43 49 46.29 Av. Groundwater level during 2001 (m) 9.0 8.1 6.35 5.17 5.76 6.83 4.61 5.9 Av. Groundwater level during 2010 (m) 9.32 9.06 6.62 4.95 6.47 4.00 5.38 6.55 Taluka wise Agriculture situation of Gulbarga district Sl. Specification Afzalpu No r 1 Geographical area (Mha) 2 Forest ( ha) 3 % fraction of forest area 4 Land not available for cultivation (ha) 5 Land holdings ( No) 6 Land holding marginal ( < 1ha) Per cent of total holding Aland 0.1307 0.1734 78 0.06 8214 44825 4593 (10.25) 2854 1.65 6607 65614 11313 (17.24%) Chincholi Chitapur Gulbarga Jeevargi Sedam District 0.15585 0.1764 0.1731 0.1824 0.1024 1.094 19622 6150 4121 310 2181 35316 12.59 16009 3.49 13057 2.38 12373 46634 57664 56801 10511 (22.54%) 11162 (19.36%) 10042 (17.68%) 0.17 7155 61740 8041 (13.02%) 2.13 10118 29651 10101 (34.07%) 3.23 73533 362929 65763 (18.12%) Geographical map of Yadgir Districts Taluka wise Agriculture situation of Yadgir district Sl. No Specification Shahapur Surpur Yadgir District 1 Total area / net sown area (%) 75.3 72.4 81.1 77.2 2 Area under major crops/ net sown area c(%) 66 73 87 75 5 Net irrigated area/net sown area (%) 43.93 58.97 14.36 39.09 6 no of tractors / 1000 ha 2.64 4.23 3.16 3.34 7 Live stock units/ lakh population 155704 155331 184876 164970 Taluka wise Agriculture situation of Yadgir District Sl. No Specification Shahapur Surpur Yadgir District 1 Geographical area (Mha) 0.159 0.185 0.171 0.516 2 Forest ( ha) 4995 4897 23881 33773 Per cent of Forest area to geographical area(%) 3.14 13.97 6.55 15764 2.65 25040 16670 57574 150020 158672 138322 447014 17104 16352 29306 62672 11.40 10.31 21.19 14.02 3 Land not available for cultivation (ha) 4 Land holdings ( No) 5 Land holding marginal ( < 1ha) Per cent of marginal holding (%) Mean Soil Chemical characteristics of Gulbarga District • Agro-climatic conditions • Both the districts fall under North-Eastern dry zone • Soils vary from deep (2-2.6 m) to shallow (0.6 – 1.0 m) with small portion of lateritic soil • The ground elevation ranges from 330 m to 625 m Research Priorities • To improve rainwater-use efficiency under rained agriculture through integrated conservation approach • Deriving the options to balance and manage N,P and K and micronutrients through site specific management. • Development of decision support tools for site selection and for design of soil and water conservation measures reinforcing with traditional and indigenous know-how • Decision support system to take up sustainable cropping pattern and crop production system based on land capability classification for each micro-watershed • Adoption of genomics derived drought resistant both Khariff and rabi sorghum varieties and characterization of specific races of sorghum, green gram, sesamame, millets and linseed. • Design, development and construction of location specific water harvesting / ground water recharging structures considering geo-hydrological characteristics and developing mechanism (solar energy based pump) of reusing for protective irrigation efficiently. • Increasing crop productivity through crop diversification with inclusion of high value crops • To establish silt monitoring station and to monitor runoff and sediment yield at out let of each representative microwatershed for assessing its hydrologic responses and to help transfer data from gauged to ungauged similar watersheds. • Assessment of Post harvest losses and Strategies for Prevention of losses in Major agricultural and horticultural Commodities • Supporting mitigation • climate smart agriculture- adaptation and Crop cultivation preferences across the seasons (%) Sl. No District Season Cereals Oil seeds Commerti al crops Pulses 1 Gulbarga Kharif 29.6 2.4 2.8 65.3 Rabi 67.1 1.8 6.3 24.7 Summer 6.4 57.4 36.2 4.3 Kharif 39.5 14.5 6.0 39.8 Rabi 59.7 0.9 15.2 24.3 Summer 45.9 1.0 31.6 21.4 2 Yadgir Annual Crop yield under different land holding categories across the seasons (%) Sl. No Season Irrigated Rainfed <0.5 tonne 0.5-1.0 tonne 1-2 tonne >2.0 tonne <0.5 tonne 0.5-1.0 tonne 1-2 tonne >2.0 tonne Kharif 76 71 14 3 89 2 2 8 Rabi 61 21 14 5 94 3 3 5 Summer 22 2 64 2 52 24 10 14 2 Kharif 91 2 6 95 1 3 Yad gir Rabi 86 4 10 69 9 20 Summer 96 2 4 98 1 Gulbarga 1 2 1 Area under different land holding categories across the seasons (%) Sl. No Season Irrigated <1 ha 1 1—2 ha 2-5 ha Rainfed >5 ha <1 ha 1—2 ha 2-5 ha >5 ha Kharif 61 24 6 9 52 4 37 7 Rabi 64 24 4 8 46 6 38 9 Summer 71 21 4 4 28 2 68 2 2 Kharif 55 26 12 6 44 4 38 15 Yad gir Rabi 37 21 16 26 42 4 42 13 Summer 33 33 9 24 27 17 Gul bar ga 39 17 Synoptic views of silt monitoring station Under IWMP at Raichur Digital controlling unit, Sampling pump and Sediment sampler of SMS at Raichur Silt monitoring housing along with controlling units at SMS Raichur During the course observation of digital runoff recording in case of Saidapur watershed in Raichur Dist During the course of runoff event measured in Saidapur watershed of Raichur District Synoptic views of silt monitoring station at Bellary Silt sampling through multi-slot deviser installed at SMS Bellary Vertical runoff recorder installed at SMS Bellary Measurement of monthly ground water fluctuation in case of Badeladaku watershed in Bellary District