Transcript Patterns of Behaviour

21/07/2015
Patterns of Reactivity
Newcastle Community High
School
21/07/2015
Properties of metals and non-metals
Metals have very high melting points (which means that they are
usually _____) whereas non-metals will melt at lower ___________
All metals conduct heat and __________ very well, whereas nonmetals don’t (usually)
Metals are strong and ______ but bendable. Non-metals are usually
_____ or they will snap.
Metals will _____ when freshly cut or scratched, whereas non-metals
are usually dull
Metals have higher _______ than non-metals (i.e. they weigh more)
Metals can be used to make ______ (a mixture of different metals)
Words - alloys, electricity, solids, weak, densities,
temperatures, tough, shine
Reactions of metals with oxygen
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When a metal reacts with oxygen it will form a METAL
OXIDE. This is what happens when a metal rusts or burns.
METAL + OXYGEN
O
Mg
Mg
METAL OXIDE
O
Mg
O
O
O
Copy and complete the following reactions:
1) Magnesium + oxygen
2) Copper + oxygen
3) Calcium + oxygen
4) Iron + oxygen
O
Mg
Reactions of metals with water
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When a metal reacts with water hydrogen is always given off.
The other product will be either a metal hydroxide or a metal
oxide.
METAL + WATER
METAL + WATER
METAL OXIDE + HYDROGEN
METAL HYDROXIDE + HYDROGEN
Copy and complete the following reactions:
1) Sodium + water
2) Potassium + water
3) Calcium + water
4) Iron + steam
Reactions of metals with acids
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METAL + ACID
e.g. magnesium + hydrochloric acid
H
Mg
H
SALT + HYDROGEN
magnesium chloride + hydrogen
Cl
Cl
Mg
Cl
Cl
Copy and complete the following reactions:
1) Calcium + hydrochloric acid
2) Zinc + hydrochloric acid
3) Iron + hydrochloric acid
4) Lithium + sulphuric acid
H
H
Complete the following reactions:
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1) Lithium + water
Lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
2) Lithium + hydrochloric acid
Lithium chloride + hydrogen
3) Silver + oxygen
Silver oxide
4) Magnesium + sulphuric acid
Magnesium sulphate + hydrogen
5) Potassium + oxygen
Potassium oxide
6) Aluminium + oxygen
Aluminium oxide
7) Manganese + water
Manganese oxide + hydrogen
8) Sodium + sulphuric acid
Sodium sulphate + hydrogen
9) Lithium + oxygen
Lithium oxide
10) Nickel + hydrochloric acid
Nickel chloride + hydrogen
Name the following compounds:
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For example:
HS = Hydrogen sulphide
Na2CO3 = sodium carbonate
1) CO2
Carbon dioxide
2) KBr
Potassium bromide
3) HI
Hydrogen iodide
4) NaCl
Sodium chloride
5) CaCO3
Calcium carbonate
6) MgCO3
Magnesium carbonate
7) MgSO4
Magnesium sulphate
8) KMnO4
Potassium permanganate
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The Reactivity Series
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
The Reactivity Series lists
metals in order of reactivity:
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Copper
Silver
Gold
Displacement reactions
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A displacement reaction is one where a MORE REACTIVE metal will
DISPLACE a LESS REACTIVE metal from a compound.
Magnesium
Copper sulphate
Mg
Cu
SO4
The magnesium
DISPLACES the copper
from copper sulphate
Mg
SO4
Magnesium sulphate
Magnesium + copper sulphate
Cu
Copper
magnesium sulphate + copper
Some example reactions…
Reaction
Prediction
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Observations
Zinc + copper sulphate
Zinc + lead nitrate
Copper + lead nitrate
Copper + silver nitrate
Extension work – write down the equations for these
reactions
Some example reactions…
Reaction
Prediction
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Observations
Zinc + copper sulphate
Reaction DID happen
Zinc + lead nitrate
Reaction DID happen
Copper + lead nitrate
Reaction DID NOT
happen
Copper + silver nitrate
Reaction DID happen
Extension work – write down the equations for these
reactions