Transcript Slide 1

Lesson Objective
LESSON OBJECTIVE
• To understand the definition and characteristics of
skill and ability and be able to classify skills, using a
continuum.
LESSON OUTCOME
• By the end of the lesson you should be able to;
 Give the definitions of both skill and ability and
describe the characteristics of both.
 Classify a variety of skills, using a continuum and by
able to justify your answers.
 Apply the knowledge you have learn to answer exam
questions.
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Skill and Ability
Skill
Knapp:
‘ The learned ability to bring about predetermined
results with maximum certainty, often with the
minimum outlay of time or energy or both.’
Ability
‘A stable, enduring, mainly genetically determined
characteristic that underlies skilled performance and
can be used in a variety of skills.’
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Characteristics
SKILL
• Learned
• Repeated success
• Efficient
• Co- ordination/
controlled
• Fluent/ smooth
• Minimal outlay of
energy
• Aesthetically pleasing
• Precise/ accurate
ABILITY
• Innate
• Enduring
• Underpins the
development of skilled
actions
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Types of Skill
Cognitive
Thinking what to
do.
Perceptual
Skill of selecting,
recognising and
organising.
Psychomotor
Movement skills
Types of Ability
Motor Ability
• Series of underlying abilities to move limbs successfully.
• Determine balance, co-ordination, reaction time.
Perceptual Ability
• Acquiring, recognising selecting and organising information
from senses
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EXAM QUESTION
QUESTION
Successful triple jumpers will use their abilities to improve their level of
skill.
(a)
Briefly explain the terms ability and skill.
(2 marks)
(b)
What are the characteristics of a skilled performance?
(3 marks)
ANSWER
(a) Ability – born with / genetic / inherited;
Skill – learned;
(b) Repeated success/ very few mistakes / maximum certainty;
Efficiency / minimisation of time / quick;
Co-ordination / controlled;
Fluency / flowing / smooth;
Minimal outlay of energy / effortless;
Aesthetically pleasing;
Precise / Accurate / Correct;
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Classifying Skills
- Categorising skills in a group.
- A continuum is a link between two extremes that
blend from one to the other gradually- it is
impossible to say where one becomes the next.
Open- Closed Continuum
Self Paced- Externally Paced
Continuum
Gross- Fine Continuum
Discrete- Serial- Continuous
Continuum
• How much the performance of the
skill is affected by factors outside of the
performer – the environment.
• How much control the performer
has over the rate and the timing of
the action.
• The level or precision or fine
control that the performer uses
when performing the skill.
• Whether it is possible to determine
the movement has a definite
beginning or end.
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Classifying Skills
Goalie save
Football pass
Netball pass
Tennis stroke
Tennis serve
Football penalty
Shotput
Open
Yacting
Swimming dive
Closed
Receiving a tennis serve
Football match
Diving
Tennis serve
Externally paced
Weight lifting
Self paced
Weight lifting Javelin throw Netball pass Cricket stroke Golf shot Ten pin bowling Darts Snooker
Gross
Weight lifting
Discrete
Fine
Javelin throw High jump Basketball dribble
Serial
Running Cycling
Continuous
EXAM QUESTION
QUESTION
Successful triple jumpers will use their abilities to improve their level of
skill.
The skill of triple jumping can be classified according to various skill
continua.
Classify the long jump according to the following four continua and
justify each of your choices.
open to closed
self-paced or externally paced
discrete to continuous
gross to fine
(4 marks)
ANSWER
Closed –stable environment;
Self-paced-performer decides when to start / and or jump;
Discrete – distinct beginning and end / serial series of discrete tasks;
Gross – involves large muscle groups;
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