Transcript Old Testament Overview

Old Testament Overview
Part 2
Discipleship Class
October 7, 2014
Simplified OT Timeline
~5,500BC
2,500BC
2,000BC
1,500BC
1,000BC
0
Simplified OT Timeline
~5,500BC
2,500BC
2,000BC
1,500BC
1,000BC
0
Old Testament Table of Contents
The Law
Historical
Wisdom/Poetry
Wisdom of
Solomon
Wisdom of
Sirach
Tobit
Judith
1,2 Maccabees
Major Prophets
Baruch
Minor Prophets
Old Testament Table of Contents
The Law
Historical
Wisdom/Poetry
Major Prophets
Minor Prophets
The Pentateuch
(Judaism: Torah)
Old Testament History
Wisdom and Poetry
The Major Prophets
The Minor Prophets
The Gospels and Acts
Writings of the Apostles
The Kingdom Years
1st Samuel
2nd Samuel
Samuel,
David as
Saul & David King
1 Kings 1-11
United Kingdom
under Solomon
1 Kings
Solomon &
Divided
Kingdom
2 Kings
Fall of the
Divided
Kingdoms
1 Kings 12 - 2 Kings 17 2 Kings 18-25
Northern Kingdom
Southern Kingdom of Judah
The Kingdom Years
 1 Kings 1-10: What is taking place?
 Read 1 Kings 11:1-3 (reference Deut. 17:14-20)
 Read 1 Kings 11:9-13
 Result = Divided Kingdom
 Northern Kingdom = Israel (10 tribes)
 Southern Kingdom = Judah (Judah, Benjamin)
Southern Kingdom of
Judah
19 Kings, 1 Queen
Category
Northern Kingdom of
Israel
Kings
19 Kings
Jerusalem
Capital
Samaria
Judah & Benjamin
Tribes
Ten Northern Tribes
Most were unstable;
some were good,
some were bad
Conquered by Babylon
in 586 B.C.
Returned to the land
Legacy of
Kings
Fall
Return
All were bad
Conquered by Assyria
in 722 B.C.
No Return
Kings
Chronicles
Prophetic Perspective:
Judgments
Priestly Perspective:
Hope
Wars Prominent
History of thrones
Temple Prominent
History of Davidic
line
Mostly Judah
Ezra the Priest
Israel & Judah
Jeremiah the Prophet
Pre-Exile Prophets
Judah
Israel
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Elijah
Elisha
Jonah
Amos
Hosea
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Joel
Isaiah
Micah
Nahum
Zephaniah
Habakkuk
Jeremiah (Pre and during)
Obadiah
Exile Prophets
 Jeremiah
 Ezekiel
 Daniel
Post-Exile Prophets
Haggai
Zechariah
Malachi
The Pentateuch
(Judaism: Torah)
Old Testament History
Wisdom and Poetry
The Major Prophets
The Minor Prophets
The Gospels and Acts
Writings of the Apostles
Captivity of Northern Kingdom
 Israel (Northern Kingdom) was conquered by Assyrians
in 722 BC and the scattered people were known as the
“Lost Tribes of Israel”
 Read 2 Kings 17:5-6
 Never returned
Captivity of Southern
Kingdom
 Judah (Southern Kingdom) was eventually destroyed
by Babylon in 586 BC and inhabitants were held in
captivity (called the Exile or Babylonian Captivity) for
70 years.
 Why seventy years of captivity?
(See Leviticus 25:3-4 and Jeremiah 29:10)
Read 2 Chronicles 36:21
Babylonian
Exile
2 Kings 25:8-21; 2 Chronicles 36:17-21
• The Babylonians killed the young
men.
• Took all the articles from the house
of God, the treasures of the king
and of his leaders.
• Burned the house of God, all the
king’s palaces, all houses in
Jerusalem.
• Broke down the wall of Jerusalem.
• Carried the people to Babylon to
serve the king of Babylon.
Tears in Exile (Psalm 137)
1 By the rivers of Babylon we sat and wept when we remembered Zion.
2 There on the poplars we hung our harps,
3 for there our captors asked us for songs, our tormentors demanded songs of
joy; they said, “Sing us one of the songs of Zion!”
4 How can we sing the songs of the Lord while in a foreign land?
5 If I forget you, Jerusalem, may my right hand forget its skill.
6 May my tongue cling to the roof of my mouth if I do not remember you, if I do
not consider Jerusalem my highest joy.
7 Remember, Lord, what the Edomites did on the day Jerusalem fell. “Tear it
down,” they cried, “tear it down to its foundations!”
8 Daughter of Babylon, doomed to destruction, happy is the one who repays
you according to what you have done to us.
9 Happy is the one who seizes your infants and dashes them against the rocks.
Return to the Land
 ~538 BC, the Babylonian
empire fell and was
replaced by the Persian
empire.
 Persian King Cyrus
allowed return of Jews to
the land.
 Jews came back in 3
waves
Post-exile term coming
from the word “Judah”
The Pentateuch
(Judaism: Torah)
Old Testament History
Wisdom and Poetry
The Major Prophets
The Minor Prophets
The Gospels and Acts
Writings of the Apostles
Return to the Land
 Ezra: Book of Ezra continues where 2 Chronicles left
off. Now the Jews have been freed and the first wave
is coming back to rebuild the temple. Three returns
back to Israel. (In the beginning, Ezra is not there, just
giving a history)
 1st return under Zerubabbel (536 BC): Ezra 2:1,2, 64,
65 (42,360 Jews plus 7,337 servants)
Return to the Land
 Start rebuilding the temple (Ezra 3:3, 8-10) but are
discouraged by their enemies (Ezra 4) and work on the
temple stops for 16 years until God sends Haggai and
Zechariah (Ezra 5:1, Haggai 1-2, Zechariah 1:1-3)
 2nd return under Ezra (458 BC): (Ezra 7:6-10)
 Ezra tries to restore the people spiritually and teach
theme the laws and statutes of God.
 3rd return under Nehemiah (444 BC) (Nehemiah
comes to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem)
1st Return under
Zerubbabel &
rebuilding Temple
Ezra 1-6
538-516 B.C.
Events of Book
of Esther
Book of
Esther
2nd Return under
Ezra
Ezra 7-10 458-457 B.C.
3rd Return under
Nehemiah &
rebuilding walls
Book of
445-444 B.C.
Nehemiah
473 B.C.
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Saw the Northern Kingdom of Israel
taken into Captivity at the hands of
Assyria
Saw the Southern Kingdom of Judah
taken into Captivity at the hands of
Babylon
Foretold of the judgments that would
come in the future
Explained the reasons for the
judgments Judah was experiencing
Looks primarily to the future
Looks primarily to the present
1 - 24
25 - 32
33 - 48
Oracles against Judah
Oracles against
Nations
Oracles of Salvation
Ezekiel’s call (1-2)
Judgment (3-7)
Temple (8-11)
Judgment (12-14)
Pictures (15-19)
Judgment (20-23)
Pictures (24)
Amon
Moab
Edom
Philistia
Tyre
Sidon
Egypt
Watchman
(33)
Restoration (3437)
Gog & Magog
(38-39)
New Temple
(40-48)
1st half
Second half
Written in the Third Person
Written in the First Person
Seven Historical
Narratives
Four Prophetic
Visions
Written in Aramaic
Written in Hebrew
Prophetic History relating to the Gentiles
Prophetic History relating to the Jews
Conclusion
 Why should I study the Old Testament?
 Great characters that we can learn from
 Get to know the character of God
 The New Testament cannot be completely understood
without understanding the Old Testament
 25 Then He said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow of
heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! 26
Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and
to enter into His glory?” 27 And beginning at Moses
and all the Prophets, He expounded to them in all
the Scriptures the things concerning Himself. (Luke
24:25-27)