Transcript スライド 1 - East

Higher Education in Japan
Presenters：
Dr. Yoshinobu Onishi
Mr. Hideki Matsudo
Mr. Masa Adachi
1
Fact Sheet #1
Number of Universities
Total
National Local
Private
765
86
90
589
Number of Students
Total
National Local
Private
2,519,717 454,643 114,134 1,950,940
Number of Full-time Teachers
Total
National Local
Private
96,822
169,914
61,019
12,073
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Fact Sheet #2
Fields of Study
Humanities
Social Sciences
Natural Sciences
Engeneering
Agriculture
Health and Welfare
Marine Science & Tech.
Home Economics
Education
Art
Other
TOTAL
Female
Male
Total
261,665 132,445
394,110
286,126 615,483
901,609
21,127
62,171
83,298
43,184 366,942
410,126
29,591
45,080
74,671
127,252
98,722
225,974
1
17
18
59,205
6,880
66,085
90,931
62,400
153,331
50,902
21,681
72,583
66,066
71,856
137,922
1,036,050 1,483,677 2,519,727
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University size and Ss %
2008
Less
than
100
101- 501- 1,001- 5,001- 10,001
500 1,000 5,000 10,000
+
National 0.0 2.3
Local
Private
3.5 34.9 34.9 24.4
13.3 20.0 16.7 44.4
5.6
0.0
3.6 12.6 17.3 48.4 11.0
7.1
4
Number of Degrees Granted
Year
1970
1980
1990
2000
2005
2007
Bachelor's Master's
240,921
378,666
400,103
538,683
551,016
559,090
9,415
15,258
25,804
56,038
71,440
73,993
Doctor's
3,152
3,614
5,812
12,375
15,286
16,801
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Quality Assurance
(1)Approval system for establishment
•
“Guaranteeing the quality” of higher education is the nation's
responsibility.
From the standpoints of an internationally acceptable level of quality
in education and protecting students, and also based on the minimal
necessary standards for establishing universities, approval may be
granted by the Minister of Education after deliberations by the
Council for University Establishment and School Corporation,
comprised of people of learning and academic experience.
•
More flexible approval for the establishment
In line with the recent reform of regulations “from antedated
regulation to ex post facto checking,” an evaluation system that
obligates all universities to be evaluated by a third party
organization certified by the Minister of Education was introduced.
Furthermore the standards for establishing universities and the
deliberation procedures became more flexible.
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(2)Self-checks/self-evaluations and evaluations by
organizations certified by the Minister of Education
①Self-checks/self-evaluations (efforts required as of 1991,
compulsory since 1999)
All universities conduct self-checks and self-evaluations concerning the
state of education and research to grasp the present situation accurately, so
as to recognize both their strong points and areas needing improvement.
②Evaluation and Accreditation by organizations certified by the
Minister of Education (since April 2004 as per School Education
Law)
Evaluations of the comprehensive state of education, research,
organizational management, and facilities of universities (at least every
7years)
③Evaluation of national university corporations
The National University Corporation Evaluation Committee of the
Ministry of Education evaluates national universities corporations and
national and inter-university research institute corporations every fiscal year
and in every mid-term goal period (6 years).
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Certified Evaluation and Accreditation
organizations for universities
For Universities;
1. National Institution for Academic Degrees and University
Evaluation (NIAD-UE)
2. Japan University Accreditation Association (JUAA)
3. Japan Institution for Higher Education Evaluation
(JIHEE)
For Professional graduate schools;
1. Japan Law Foundation (evaluation of law schools)
2. NIAD-UE
3. JUAA
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Current state of evaluation and
accreditation
From 2004 to2007, 269 institutions (36% of whole universities)
ＦＹ
National Local
2004
Private
Total
6
28
34
2005
3
7
23
33
2006
7
6
60
73
2007
10
5
114
129
Total
47
24
198
269
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Issues on the current evaluation
system
• underdevelopment of the system for
professional graduate schools
• difficult to evaluate “Learning Outcome”
• need to provide better financial assistance to
universities in order for self-checks and selfevaluation
• still not enough awareness for the system
among universities
JUAA report in 2008
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Five Challenging Issues
(1) A declining number of young generations
→ Over 40% private universities are short
of their student quota.
(2) Employability and the rate of
employment as important index for
evaluation
→ More universities provide career
education.
11
(continued)
(3) Increasing degree of globalization
→ More people pay attention to the quality
of education/research and universities of
international standard are expected.
(4) Economic downturn nationwide
→ Higher education budget also decreases.
12
(continued)
(5) Multilayered relationship between
universities and societies
→ More universities try networking with
industries, NGOs, international
organizations, local communities, and
governments.
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Policy Initiatives
300,000 Foreign Students Plan (2008);
• is a strategic policy package or program.
• Targets 300,000 foreign students (2020).
(Ex. 120,000 foreign students (2008))
• Consists of
(1) Career Development Program for Foreign
Students from Asia,
(2) Global 30 Program,
(3) United Nations University Financial Assistance
Program and more projects for foreign students.
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