Transcript Educational Portals - Fethi A. Inan's Website

Applications of Adaptive Technologies
in Online Learning
Fethi A. Inan
The University of Memphis
Michael M. Grant
The University of Memphis
E-Learn 2004 -- Washington, DC, USA Nov. 1-5, 2004
What is adaptive instruction ?
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Adaptive instruction is altering the
presentation of the content, navigation and
other characteristics of the hypermedia on
the basis of a dynamic understanding of the
individual learner
Advantages adaptation instruction
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Increase the interaction between users and
material
Decrease distractions from learning tasks
Manage individual differences
Individual differences
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Gender - Age
Prior knowledge
Learning & Cognitive styles
Discipline of study
Goals
Intelligences
Motivational state
Disabilities
Adaptive model : Steps
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Gathering: Collecting student’s prior preferences,
knowledge, skills and attitudes
Monitoring: Observing student sequences, interaction,
errors, pace
Inference: Inferring what these collected data tell about
other parameters
Prediction: Predicting learner’s knowledge and
motivational step in the following learning tasks
Adapting: Making adjustments to the system based on
collected and inferred data
Updating: Altering student model continuously according
to collected and monitored data throughout the learning
process
Adaptive Methods
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Adaptive Content
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Changing the content of hypermedia pages
Layout, organization, structure, appearance and format
Adaptive Navigation and Orientation
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Supporting the learner in hyperspace by changing the
appearance and structure of navigations
Direct guidance, link annotation or hiding links
Adaptive Methods
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Adaptive Sequencing
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Adaptive Support and Feedback
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Providing intelligent help during learning process regarding
student actions
Adaptive facilitations
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Ordering content with the most suitable way
Providing different treatment for each user
Adaptive Interaction
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Adjusting interaction type to increase learner engagement
to learning process
Adaptive Methods
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Adaptive Assessment & Grading
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Adaptive Collaboration
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Applying different type of assessment procedures and
grading options
Using system knowledge about different users to form a
matching collaboration group
Adaptive Interface
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Changing visual interface of the pages according to
individual preferences
Adaptive Methods
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Adaptive Adaptations (Individualization level)
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Giving option to each individual to decide the system
adaptation level
Adaptive Social Context
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To maintain interest or user appeal providing social context
Constraints
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Technical constraints (speed, plug in)
Problems with creating adaptive model
Higher development cost
Failing to incorporate valuable learning principles
and instructional strategies
Conclusion
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Cognitive and educational aspects of adaptation
come first
Go beyond the adaptive content and navigation
technologies
Careful authoring that is using the correct user
model
Providing the system all available information
according to user interest does not guarantee
learning without incorporating with appropriate
instructional strategies.