Transcript Introduction to the surveillance manual

Guidelines for Plant Pest
Surveillance in Asia and the
Pacific
Graeme Evans & Teresa
McMaugh
Regional agricultural trade setting
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The WTO SPS agreement
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Trade is constrained by deficiencies in the basic infrastructure
underpinning plant health, particularly in developing countries

Many lack technical capacity and resources to:
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survey for pests to provide baseline data on pest status;
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accurately and rapidly identify pests;
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database records of pests and retrieve this information;
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detect and control invasive pests.
OCPPO regional plant health program
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Focuses on building pest collections

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Arthropod pests
Plant diseases / pathogens
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A capacity to survey for plant pests is critical to populate
collections
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OCPPO has been collaborating with countries of the region to
build capacity to survey for plant pests.

A set of guidelines for surveying for plant pests in south east
Asia and the Pacific was seen as a useful approach.
Funding
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Project is funded by two Australian government bodies:
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ACIAR – the Australian Centre for International Research

RIRDC - Rural Industries Research and Development
Corporation
Overview of the Guidelines
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PRIMARY AIM: a set of guidelines for planning a survey of crop or forest
pests
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Based on similar toolboxes for animal surveillance
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Covering: weeds, insects and allies, plant pathogens, crops, forests
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A Reference Group of regional and national plant pest experts were
convened in Canberra, November 2004
- the scope was finalised
- attendees committed to volunteer case studies
Reference group’s recommendations

Align with international standards and requirements, such as the
IPPC ISPMs, where possible
Reference group’s recommendations
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Align with international standards and requirements, such as the
FAO ISPMs, where possible
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Provide clear guidance as to how to comply with the standards
Reference Group’s recommendations

Align with international standards and requirements, such as the
FAO ISPMs, where possible

Provide clear guidance as to how to comply with the standards

Be instructive and simple
Reference group’s recommendations

Align with international standards and requirements, such as the
FAO ISPMs, where possible

Provide clear guidance as to how to comply with the standards

Be instructive and simple

Provide ‘guidance’ rather than be a prescriptivea ‘manual’ which
could be enforceable and constraining
Reference group’s recommendations

Align with international standards and requirements, such as the
FAO ISPMs, where possible

Provide clear guidance as to how to comply with the standards

Be instructive and simple

Be ‘guidance’ rather than a ‘manual’ which could be enforceable
and constraining

That the guidelines not provide detailed information on statistics
or specimen collection as this information can be found
elsewhere
Contents of the Guidelines
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In accordance with international standard definitions, the
guidelines has chapters on:
Designing Specific Surveys
Designing General surveillance plans
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With more details in chapters on:
Detection surveys
Monitoring surveys
Delimiting surveys
Reporting the results
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Supported with real case studies from SE Asia and the Pacific
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Chapter layout of the guidelines
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 2 – Specific surveys
Chapter 3 – Detection
surveys
Chapter 4- Monitoring
surveys
Chapter 7 – Reporting the
results
Chapter 6 – General
Surveillance
Chapter 5 – Delimiting
surveys
The 21 Steps

The guidelines for specific surveys are set up as 21 Steps:
The 21 Specific
survey Steps
1 Choose a title and determine contributors
2 Determine the purpose of the survey/surveillance: pest list, host list, early detection, pest freedom, areas
of low pest prevalence, pest management, delimiting, community network reporting system.
Target pest(s) known?
Yes
No
3 Detail the pest(s) : names, lifecycle,
dispersal modes, diagnostic characteristics
Are host plants involved?
Yes
4 Detail the host: name, lifecycle, distribution
No
5 Detail alternative hosts
6 Review any surveys in similar conditions, literature etc
7 Identify the survey Area
8 Identifying the district
9 Identify type of survey Place, Field sites,
Sampling sites and Sampling Points.
10 Identify how sites will be chosen
Need a statistical approach?
Yes
11 Calculate sample sizes
12 Determine the timing for survey
No
13 What data to collect
14 Methods of collecting pest specimens
15 Data storage
16 People involved
17 Obtain permission to visit sites and any permits required
18 Perform a pilot survey
19 Perform survey: collect raw data and samples
20 Analyse data
21 Report results
Availability
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The final draft has been completed and is being edited by the funding
body, ACIAR
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The guidelines are to be translated in Thai, Vietnamese and Bahasa in
CD format
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ACIAR will publish and distribute the guidelines
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The guidelines will be made freely available to people in developing
countries (and also to anyone on the first distribution list)