Transcript Earth’s Layers

Composition of Earth
The Earth’s
Layers
So far…
1. I can list and identify the 3 types of rocks and explain how
they are created
2. I can describe how the surface of the Earth is shaped by
building up, weathering and erosion
3. I can identify the 3 layers of the Earth and their features
4. I can explain how and why plates move, the effects of
their movement, and the difference between
convergent, divergent, and transform plate boundaries
5. I can list and describe the three types of volcanoes
6. I can use evidence such as layers of fossils and
sediments, current landforms, and tectonic
movements as evidence of geologic processes that have
changed the Earth’s surface
Bill Nye – Earth’s Crust
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZkF7qy
RaRo
4-23-14 Do Now
4 minutes
Earth’s Layers
Key Question: What is the earth made of?
Initial Thoughts:
Evidence: Earth Foldable
Follow the “Make and Earth’s Layer’s Foldable” Guide
1. Color the layers using the KEY on the Guide
Inner Core – red
Outer Core – red-orange
Lower Mantle – orange
Middle Mantle Light Orange
Upper Mantle – yellow
Oceanic crust – dark brown
Continental crust – light brown
Ocean - Blue
Foldable Directions:
2. Fill out the 4 Layer BOXES.
• pages 177 in the Sciencesaurus and
• pg 250 in the Red Earth Science book
• PowerPoint – Earth’s Layers
Composition: What it’s made of
Thickness: in km
State of matter: solid, liquid, “plastic” (a solid that behaves
like a liquid)
3.
Cut and paste the layers AND labels onto your 2 sheets of
folded paper.
When you’re done…
4. Fold your foldable in half and paste it into
your journal.
5. Paste in worksheets to your journal.
6. Answer the questions.
7. Complete the lesson
DUE TOMORROW
The Layers of the Earth
© Copyright 2006. M. J. Krech. All rights reserved.
The Layers
The Earth is composed of
four different layers. The
crust is the layer that you
live on, and it is the most
widely studied and
understood. The mantle is
much hotter and has the
ability to flow. The outer
core and inner core
are even hotter with
pressures so great you
would be squeezed into a
ball smaller than a marble if
you were able to go to the
center of the Earth!
The Crust
The Earth's Crust is
like the skin of an apple.
It is very thin in
comparison to the other
three layers. The crust
is only about 3-5 miles
(8 kilometers) thick
under the oceans
(oceanic crust) and
about 25 miles (32
kilometers) thick under
the continents
(continental crust).
The Crust
The crust is composed of two rocks. The
continental crust is mostly granite. The oceanic
crust is basalt. Basalt is much denser than the
granite. Because of this the less dense continents
ride on the denser oceanic plates.
The Lithospheric Plates
The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces
called plates. The plates "float" on the soft, semirigid asthenosphere.
The Mantle
The Mantle is the
Thickest layer of the
Earth. The middle mantle
is composed of very hot
dense rock that flows
like asphalt under a
heavy weight. The
movement of the middle
mantle
(asthenosphere) is the
reason that the crustal
plates of the Earth
move.
The Lithosphere
The crust and the upper layer of the
mantle together make up a zone of rigid,
brittle rock called the Lithosphere.
The Asthenosphere
The asthenosphere is the
semi-rigid part of the
middle mantle that flows
like hot asphalt under a
heavy
weight.
Convection Currents
The middle mantle
"flows" because of
convection currents.
Convection currents
are caused by the very
hot material at the
deepest part of the
mantle rising, then
cooling and sinking
again --repeating this
cycle over and over.
Convection Currents
The next time you heat anything
like soup or water in a pan you can
watch the convection
currents move in the liquid.
When the convection currents flow
in the asthenosphere they also
move the crust. The crust gets a
free ride with these currents, like
the cork in this illustration.
Safety Caution: Don’t get your
face too close to the boiling water!
The Outer Core
The core of the
Earth is like a ball
of very hot metals.
The outer core is
so hot that the
metals in it are all
in the liquid state.
The outer core is
composed of the
melted metals of
nickel and iron.
The Inner Core
The inner core of
the Earth has
temperatures and
pressures so great
(4,000 degrees
Celsius) that the
metals are squeezed
together and are not
able to move about
like a liquid, but are
forced to vibrate in
place like a solid.
Analysis Questions
1. What layers make up the lithosphere?
2. What layers are not completely solid?
3. What layer can you find the convection currents?
Summary
What did you think about the earth’s
composition before this lesson?
What did you learn about the earth’s
composition from this lesson? (Minimum
of 3 sentences!!!)
What are some further thoughts or questions
you have about the earth’s composition?
Reflection
• Free Choice
Big Idea
• The Earth is made up of the crust, the
mantle, and the core.
4-21-14 Do Now
• Add the bottom lesson to your grades page:
Date Lesson
Stamp Section
Check
4/1
(stamped)
Rock Basics
5/5
4/3
4/3
Rock Cycle
Vocab
(stamped)
3/3
8/8
4/15
4/17
Breaking it Down
Erosion: Case Studies
4-22-14 Do Now
Vocab Quiz
Close your journal.
This is not an open journal vocab quiz.
Log on to skyward
Find Vocab Quiz #1
Wait until I tell you to begin
When done, get out your Bill Nye Video W.S.
View today’s Google doodle (there are 5 different ones
Happy Earth Day!
Vocab
• Look up the words in the red book and
sciencesauraus glossaries.
• Cut & paste the definition to the correct vocab
word.
• When done, work on the IMOW and sketches
using:
pages 177 in the Sciencesaurus and
pg 250 in the Red Earth Science book
Cosmos Quizes #5 & 6
• Quiz #5 – “Hiding in the Light”
• Write 3 facts you learned from this
episode.
• Quiz #6 – “Deeper, Deeper, Deeper Still”
• Write 3 facts you learned from this
episode
Quiz #7 – “The Clean Room” this FRIDAY
4 minutes
4-24-13
• Add a sketch and IMOW (In My Own
Words) to the following vocab words:
• Crust
• Mantle
• Core
• Today: Finish foldable, Foldable question
sheet, and Lesson