Transcript Matter is made of atoms.

INTRODUCTION TO MATTER
MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS.
Atoms
• An ___________is the smallest basic unit of
________________.
– Atoms are too small to be seen, but we can see
large collections of atoms, such as people.
– Atoms are so small that they cannot even be seen
with a strong optical microscope.
Molecules
• When two or more atoms ______together,
they make a particle called a
_______________.
• A molecule can be made of
__________numbers and types of atoms.
• A molecule is the smallest amount of a
__________made of combined atoms that is
considered to be that substance.
Atoms are always in motion.
• Regardless of the state of matter, atoms are
always ____________.
• Atoms move the most freely in the
_________state and the least freely in the
_________state.
Atoms in the Solid State
Atoms are very close together and vibrating off
each other
Atoms in the liquid state are free
flowing
Atoms in the Gaseous State are fast
moving
INTRODUCTION TO MATTER
MATTER COMBINES TO FORM
DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES.
Matter can be pure or mixed.
• Most of the substances around you are
______________.
– Examples: paper, lemonade
• A ________substance has only one type of
component. A substance is considered pure if
it contains only _______type of atom or single
combination of atoms.
Matter makes up substances.
• ______________ are mixtures of a particular
type. Elements, compounds, and mixtures are
all substances.
Elements
• An ___________is a substance that contains
only a singe type of ________.
• The __________of atoms does not matter as
long as they are all the same type.
• Elements ___________be separated into
other substances.
– Examples: gold, silver, helium, oxygen
Compounds
• A _______________is a substance that
consists of two or more different types of
atoms ___________together.
– Example: Table salt is a compound because it is
made of sodium and chlorine.
Mixtures
• A __________is a combination of different
substances that remain the same individual
substances and can be separated by
____________means.
– Example: A bowl of apples, oranges, and bananas
can be separated by physically removing them
from the bowl.
Pictures from Chem 4 kids
Comparing Mixtures and Compounds
Mixtures
Compounds
Parts of a Mixture
• Homogenous Mixtures – when substances are
_______spread throughout a mixture.
– Examples: mixing sugar into a cup of water,
homogenized milk
• Heterogeneous Mixtures – when substances
are _______evenly spread throughout a
mixture
– Examples: soil, salsa
Homogeneous Mixture
• “Homo” means the same
• has the same uniform appearance and
composition throughout; maintain one phase
(solid, liquid, gas)
• Commonly referred to as solutions
• Example:
Salt Water
Notice the
uniform
appearance
Solution
• a mixture of two or more substances that is
identical throughout
Salt water is
considered a
• can be physically separated
solution. How
can it be
• composed of solutes and solvents
physically
separated?
the substance in the smallest
amount and the one that
dissolves in the solvent
Iced Tea Mix
(solute)
the substance in the larger
amount that dissolves the
solute
Iced Tea
(solution)
Water
(solvent)
Colloids (milk, fog, jello) are considered solutions
Heterogeneous Mixture
• “Hetero” means different
• consists of visibly different substances or
phases (solid, liquid, gas)
• a suspension is a special type of
heterogeneous mixture of larger particles
that eventually settle
• Example:
Trail Mix
Notice the
visibly
different
substances
Suspensions Properties
• Suspensions separate into layers over time
• Particles are larger than those in a solutions
• Examples: Sand in water, muddy water, salad
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Sand
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Sand