Transcript Countries that are experiencing economic growth and

Review
Countries that are experiencing
economic growth and
democratization are often known as
_____ countries.
a. newly developing
b. newly industrializing *
c. less-developed
d. peripheral
• Countries that are experiencing weak
economic and political development are often
known as _____ countries.
• a. newly developing
• b. newly industrializing
• c. less-developed *
• d. peripheral
• _____ was one important concept spread by
European imperialism.
• a. Sovereignty
• b. Ethnicity
• c. Nationalism
• d. All of the above were important concepts
spread by European imperialism.*
• Tariff and non-tariff barriers are policy tools
commonly found under
• a. import substitution.*
• b. liberalism.
• c. debt-based agriculturalism.
• d. centralized developmentalism.
• Import substitution is influenced by which of
the following political economic systems?
• a. mercantilism and communism*
• b. communism and social democracy
• c. liberalism and anarchism
• d. communism and fascism
•
•
• The lack of state autonomy in less-developed
countries often leads to
• a. kleptocracy.
• b. military rule.
• c. undue influence from international actors.
• d. All of the above.*
• Asian countries are often cited for their
utilization of what is known as
• a. the economic curve.
• b. the product life cycle.*
• c. technological descent.
• d. product peripheralism.
• What is the objective of terrorism? Of
revolution? How are the two related?
• Terrorism – Strategic agenda that focuses on
non-state actors
• Revolution – Political agenda that focuses on
state actors
• Terrorism as a means for future revolution.
• What are the three approaches to understanding
political violence? What do they each look for in
explaining political violence?
• 1.) Ideational – ideas, religion, nationalism,
• 2.) institutional – political, societal, economic
explanations for variation in political violence.
(authoritarian, democratic, globalization, civil
society, etc.)
• 3) individual – focuses on leaders as rational
actors.
• One of the problems with external attempts to
reform less-developed states has been
• a. the requirement to disband their armed
forces.
• b. “one-size-fits-all” programs.*
• c. an over-emphasis on local conditions and
cultures.
• d. the use of loans with floating interest rates.
• Women in less-developed countries have been
particularly active in the creation of
• a. large businesses.
• b. nongovernmental organizations*.
• c. political parties.
• d. ethnic conflict.
• One recent innovation to help alleviate
poverty in poorer countries is the use of what
is known as _____.
• a. macrofinance
• b. microcredit*
• c. mesofunding
• d. structural loans
• One of the distinctions made with regard to
globalization and past waves of human
interaction is the difference between
• a. thick and thin connections.*
• b. shallow and deep connections.
• c. narrow and wide connections.
• d. horizontal and vertical connections.
• Globalization can be viewed as a process by
which global connections become more
• a. intensive or “thick.”*
• b. interactive or “shared.”
• c. decentralized or “local.”
• d. centralized or “hardened.”
• Globalization is often associated with the
growth in power of all of the following entities
except:
• a. nongovernmental organizations.
• b. intergovernmental organizations.
• c. multinational corporations.
• d. central banks.
All of these are concerns for state
sovereignty.
• Nongovernmental orgs – Amnesty int., red
cross – Organizations not associated with any
particular government.
• IGOs – EU, UN – orgs that states voluntarily
join into to further their own interests. –
integration.
• MNCs – Microsoft, GE – large corps that
operate in many different countries.
• The constraining of state autonomy and
capacity by economic globalization has been
termed the
• a. “golden handcuffs.”
• b. “golden straightjacket.”*
• c. “gilded cage.”
• d. “ivory tower.”
• Optimists believe that societal globalization
could lead to a form of global
• a. cosmopolitanism.*
• b. parochialism.
• c. obscurantism.
• d. solipsism.
• Is globalization a primarily beneficial or detrimental
development? What are some of the arguments for each
perspective?
Up to debate.
• Pros. – Pol – less violence b/c bound together by interesets –
less transperance – more democracy Economic : trade and
investment become linked Societal: Global society
• Cons: different violence not no violence (terrorism), societal –
overwhelmed with different cultures, lack of identity,
fundamentalist backlash, economic inequality, less democracy
b/c power goes to NGOs, IGOs, MNCs, and further from voters
• Jihad and Mcworld
• Over the past twenty-five years the political
identity of those surveyed
• a. has become primarily international.
• b. has become primarily tribal.
• c. has remained strongly national and local.*
• d. has become primarily environmental.
• All of the following are given as possible
barriers to further globalization except:
• a. economic crisis.
• b. multinational corporations.*
• c. international war.
• d. public opposition.
• Political violence is defined as
• a. violence outside of state control that is
politically motivated.*
• b. violence conducted by the state that is
politically motivated.
• c. violence conducted against civilians.
• d. violence conducted by one state against
another.
• Which of the following is an example of an
institutional explanation for political violence?
• a. radicalism
• b. humiliation
• c. capitalism*
• d. religion
• Nihilism can be defined as
• a. a belief that all institutions and values are
essentially meaningless.*
• b. a belief that all institutions and values are
equally valid.
• c. a belief that all institutions and values should
embrace pacifism.
• d. a belief that all institutions and values are a
gift from God.
•
• The relationship between terrorism and
revolution is
• a. one of means and ends.*
• b. that they are on opposite ends of the
political spectrum.
• c. that they are unrelated.
• d. that only the latter is legitimate.