Transcript Slide 1
Energy Management 101
Lance Stewart
Facilities Maintenance Manager/Energy Manager
City of Charlottesville, Virginia
Energy Manager’s Checklist
Cost
control
Monitoring
energy
consumption
Baseline
Energy
comparisons
Star
ICMA Center
Performance
Measurements
Cost Control: E=$¢2
City of Charlottesville, Virginia
FY 2007-08 General Fund
budget for utilities = $2.96
million
Schools = $1.15 million
Municipal buildings = 1.07
million
Street lighting = $.74 million
2.2% of General Fund
Represents 6¢ of real estate
tax rate
Monitoring Energy
Consumption
First
Priority – Establishment
of YOUR baseline
What is your historical
energy usage?
Every
facility
Every utility account
Minimum 1 year data
Baseline Comparisons National
ICMA Center for Performance
Measurement
Trade publications
EPA’s Energy Star Portfolio
Manager - accounts for many
variables, including:
Occupancy density
Size
Hours of operation
Climate
Baseline Comparisons Regional
Establish network of others in
your area
Share ideas
Share resources
Your region = your weather
ICMA Center for Performance
Measurement, Virginia
Performance Consortium
Goal Setting
Energy
Star Certification
LEED (new Buildings)
LEED-EB (existing buildings)
Short-term, long-term %
reduction goal for entire
building portfolio
Facility-specific goals
Environmental impact
Key Performance Measures
Annual – Portfolio vs. Individual
Facilities
Cost per square foot
Kilowatt hours per square foot
Cubic feet natural gas per square foot
Thousand British Thermal Units (MBTUs)
per square foot
Tons of Carbon Dioxide per square foot
Electricity – kilowatt hours x 3.142
Natural gas – cubic feet x 1.031
Electricity – (kilowatt hours x 1.285) / 2,000
Natural gas – (cubic feet x .120593) / 2,000
Major benefit – identifying
opportunities
Performance Measures Applied
Performance Measures Applied
Key Performance Measures
Monthly Analysis
kWh / Ft3 / MBTUs per square foot
per day
Utility billing periods vary from month to
month, even from account to account
Building A – current month versus last
month, same month last year
Building A vs. average of all other
buildings
Major Benefit – Identifying Problems
Seasonal? Building use? Leaks?
Performance Measures Applied
Performance Measures Applied
Keys to Improving
Performance
Due diligence
Timely monthly analysis and
review
Right people at the table = energy
manager + maintenance staff
Effort – strive to devote as much
time to this as utility budget = %
of facilities budget
50%
budget = 50% of effort
Preventive maintenance
Keys to Improving
Performance
Ask questions –
What’s wrong?
Why?
What can we do about it?
Targeted investments
Dreaded “low hanging fruit”
Lowest performing buildings,
largest buildings
Energy Manager’s Checklist
Infrastructure improvements
Planned equipment
replacements more energy
efficient
Building Automation
System
Lighting upgrades
Energy Performance
Contracts
Infrastructure Improvements
Retro-commissioning HVAC
systems
Energy Performance Contracting
Options for funding
Extension of staff
Large, fast impact
Capital investments include life
cycle cost estimate, ROI, and in
light of overall environmental
goals
Case Study - Before
Case Study - After
Case Study - Before
Case Study - After
Case Study - After
Energy Manager’s Checklist
Coordination Efforts
Wise
use of buildings
Formal policies
Communication with
building occupants
Building Occupant’s Checklist
Lights on for fast re-entry
Copier ready to go if needed at
3:00 AM
Mini-fridge moved below
thermostat to keep office nice and
cool for summer
Space heater hidden
under desk
Cappuccino machine
shiny
“Discretionary”
Energy Consumption
Building-Related Energy
Consumption
~ 60% Heating, Air Conditioning,
Ventilation
~ 40% Lighting, computers, etc.
Estimated energy used at
discretion of occupants ~ 15%
Bridging the Gap
How to turn Snidely
Whiplash into Dudley
Do-Right?
Snidely has his own
mission
Snidely doesn’t care
about your mission
Snidely doesn’t even
know your mission
Environmental Sustainability Program
Intent: Reduce consumption of
electricity and natural gas, thereby
reducing greenhouse gas emissions,
and reduce consumption of water.
Goal of 10% net reduction, to be
achieved through:
Thoughtful building use
Education and outreach
Infrastructure improvements
Incentive program
Thoughtful Building Use
Building Automation System
Scheduling standard operating
hours for lights, HVAC
Special events scheduling
Building use
recommendations – limit
and/or consolidate after-hour
and summer events to
minimize energy footprint
Education/Outreach
Monthly meetings with
principals/designees to review
energy trends, identify savings
opportunities
Sample lesson plans to relate
energy/environmental issues to
curriculum
“Everyone” emails, with monthly
energy savings tips, updates
School Board updates
Presence at Quarterly “Principals
Meetings”
Incentive Program
Quarterly budgets goals established
for utility consumption for each
school
Based on historical seasonal and
consumption trends
Normalized for fairness to $1.20 per
square foot for 12 months
Incentive Program
Monthly MostEfficient School
Award
Trophy
Lunch for staff
Competition
fierce!
First-Year Results
Consumption reductions by utility
type
Electricity 11%
Natural gas 16%
Water 22%
Total utility expenditures ~$160K
less than previous fiscal year, despite
8% net increase in utility prices
Disbursements to Schools - $45,337
After disbursements, ended
FY06-07 under budget ~$62K
Continuing Results
Schools Utilities - Million BTU's Per Calendar Year
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
2005
2006
2007
Thank you!