Transcript HANSEATIC SHIPPING Co. LTD

HANSEATIC SHIPPING
Co. LTD
RISK – ASSESSMENT
ACCIDENTS/HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Both are closely linked
Analysis of statistics proves this
Evidence shows the following:
Procedures not followed
Proper assessment not made
Continued assessment not carried out
Human error major cause
By breaking the chain of events (Domino effect) – this stops the
event progressing and avoids the accident.
Remove unsafe acts or conditions
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Why is risk assessment needed?
To ensure the health and safety of workers by:
Application of certain principles
Evaluating unavoidable risk
Taking action to reduce the risk
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Making it work – Communications
Inform the company of any relevant risks
Advise all involved with the task / job
Continue assessing / evaluating the risks
Change the procedure if the risk changes
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
How to assess the risks
Definition: Hazard:
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A source of potential
harm or damage or
situation with a potential
for harm
Risk: (Two elements)
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Likelihood that the risk
will occur
Consequences of the
hazardous event
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
The principles of assessment:
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Careful examination of the intended operation
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Identifying possible harm and/or hazards
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Evaluating the risk
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Make decisions to reduce risk or accept the conditions
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Take additional precautions to reduce the risk to an acceptable
level.
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
How to reduce the risk ?
Restrict access
Use of work permits – Hot, cold, enclosed space etc
Warning signs
Use of other guidance/publications (e.g.ISGOTT)
Personal protective equipment
Follow procedures
Follow instructions
Plan, advise, follow the plan
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Risk Assessment – The practical side
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No fixed rules
The need to be simple and meaningful
Depends on ship type
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Nature of operations
Type and extent of hazards and risks
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USE COMMON SENSE
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RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
What should be assessed? Who should do it?
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Work activities (it is not expected to cover risks which are not
reasonably foreseeable)
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Record the findings (trivial risks need not be recorded)
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Experienced personnel should do the assessment
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Always ask for advise if required – there is a lot of expertise
within the office and on other vessels that we can use.
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
How to do the assessment :
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Classify the work activity
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Identify hazards and personnel at risk
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Determine the risk
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Decide if the risk is tolerable
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Prepare the action plan
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Review the adequacy of the plan
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
A simple pro-forma can be used to record the findings. These findings
should include the following:
work activity
hazards
controls
personnel at risk
likelihood of harm
severity of harm
risk levels
actions required
Always include admin. details – date, time, name of assessor.
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Classifying Work Activities:
Possible ways:
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Department / location on board
Stages of an operation / routine
Planned / unplanned maintenance
Defined tasks (loading/unloading)
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Information required:
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Tasks, duration, frequency
Location of work
Who carries out the task normally
Does the work effect others
Is training required to carry out the task
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Identifying the hazards – there are three basic questions you
should ask yourself:
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Is there a source of harm
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Who or What could be harmed
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How could the harm occur
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Categorising the hazard – some examples:
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Mechanical
Electrical
Physical
Radiation
Substance
Fire and explosion
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Or we can use a complimentary method>>>>>>>>>>>
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RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Complimentary method: During the intended work,
ask the question: Could any of the following occur?
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Slips or falls on the level
Fall from a height
Fall of tools, materials
Inadequate headroom
Inadequate ventilation
Hazards from plant and machinery
Manual handling
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
To determine the RISK – we have to
estimate the following:
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The potential severity of harm
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The likelihood that harm will occur
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Severity of Harm: - consider the following:
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A. Part of the body to be affected
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B. Nature of the harm:
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Slightly harmful – cuts, bruises, dust, nuisance, irritation
Harmful – burns, lacerations, minor fractures, deafness,
asthma, dermatitis, minor disability (off work)
Extremely Harmful – amputations, multiple/fatal injuries, major
fractures, cancer, acute fatal diseases etc
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
1- Likelihood of Harm:
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To do this, you have to check the adequacy of any
control measures already in place.
Such measures may be done to legal
requirements.
Guidance can always be found in many
publications found onboard vessels – e.g. Code of
Safe Working Practices, ISGOTT and other similar
publications
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
2 – Likelihood of Harm:
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Assess the following:
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Personnel exposed
Frequency and duration of exposure to harm
Effects of the failure of power/water
Effects of the failure of plant and safety devices.
Exposure to the elements
Protection given by PPE
Possibility of an unsafe act by persons who:
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May not know the hazards
Have insufficient knowledge, physical capacity or skills to do the job
Under-estimates the risks
Under –estimates the practicality of safe working methods
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
LIKELY
Moderate
Substantial
Intolerable
UNLIKELY
Tolerable
Moderate
Substantial
HIGHLY
UNLIKELY
Trivial
Tolerable
Moderate
SLIGHTLY
HARMFUL
HARMFUL
EXTREMELY
HARMFUL
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
TRIVIAL – No actions, no records required
MODERATE – Reduce the risk, further
assessment necessary
INTOLERABLE – Do not start /continue the
work. If the risk cannot be reduced, the work
must remain prohibited.
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
So what do we do after the assessment?
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It should result in a plan of action
It should require the implementation of controls to
reduce the risk:
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Use safe substances instead of dangerous ones
Use low voltage electrical appliances
Adopt the work to the individual
Ensure technical and procedural controls are in place
Machinery guards in place and used
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
Doing the job !!
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Ensure emergency and evacuation plans
implemented
Emergency equipment to be available
Supervision and monitoring
Continually re-assessing the task
Implementation and revisions
Resist the pressure to complete the job by a set
time
RISK ASSESSMENT & ACCIDENTS
General Advice:
COMMON SENSE
 FOLLOW COMPANY PROCEDURES
 PLAN and COMMUNICATE
 DON’T TAKE SHORT CUTS
 IF IN DOUBT – STOP THE WORK
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ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
ISM CODE 9.1:
The SMS should include
procedures ensuring that
non-conformities, accidents
and hazardous situations are
reported to the company,
investigated and analysed
with the objective of
improving safety and
pollution prevention.
IACS GUIDELINES:
Records of non-conformities,
accidents and hazardous
situations and relevant
investigations produced by
shipboard personnel and/or
by the company from
operations or internal audits,
should be provided to the
auditor during audits to
demonstrate effective
functioning of the SMS
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
Definitions:
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INCIDENT – An uncontrolled or unplanned event that took
place
ACCIDENT – An incident involving injury or damage to life,
the environment, the ship or cargo.
HAZARDOUS OCC. – A event which has the potential to be
an accident and where the situation was found to exist not
as a result of a planned and positive inspection. The event is
discovered before it becomes and accident.
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
HSC Reporting Requirements:
This depends on the severity of the incident,
immediate contact must be made by telephone for
incidents such as;
Groundings, fires, loss of life, collisions etc.
However – these incidents and all others must be
reported using HSC Forms 106 – example of which I
will hand out.
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
Information on Forms 106
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Form 106:
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General details
Categories – used for analysis
Description of the incident
Immediate Corrective action
Preventive actions
Follow up
Close out
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
So why report ?
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Because the ISM Code requires it (SOLAS – LAW)
Analysis of information allows recommendations which may:
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Change a procedure
Change instructions
Safety advice to vessels – groups/individuals/office
CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT - OBJECTIVES MUST BE
MET!!!!
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
Passing on information – it is no good gathering all
this information, analysing it and then doing nothing
with the results. Result must be promulgated to all
that need to know. This is achieved in the following
way in HSC:
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Company Safety committee Meetings
Annual Management Reviews
Summaries of major incidents/accidents
Results of the analysis
Changing the documented system
Safety Bulletins
Training onboard – by vessels staff, Supts, Q&S Officers
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
How do we compare with others?
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This is done by carrying out the analysis based on
the Marine Injury Reporting Guidelines (OCIMF)
It produces arbitary figures which can be
compared between companies:
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LTI – Lost Time Injury ( 19 , 8)
LTIF – Lost Time Injury Frequency (1.94 , 2.08)
TRCF – Total Recordable Case Frequency
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ITOSF – Informal Tanker Safety forum
ACCIDENTS & HAZARDOUS
OCCURRENCES
PROBLEMS !!
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Reporting from vessels
Identifying Hazardous Occurrences – Accidents are easy
(they have already happened).
Understanding – that’s for us to teach/train
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SOLVING THE PROBLEMS !!
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Training by vessels staff
Encourage the crew to report
Training by visiting Q&S Officers
HANSEATIC SHIPPING
Thank you for your attention.
Use some common sense
Any questions ?????????????????
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THE END