Transcript Computers and Society IST 2710 http://www.is.wayne.edu

Computers and Society
IST 2710
Section 006
Class #12: 4/9/08
http://www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/casw08
Grade What-If
• Excel spreadsheet to estimate your course
grade
• Download from course website
• Save to local storage to preserve and
update
• Can get grades from Online Grade
Reports
• Danger in leaving grades blank if not done
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Staying for Lab
• Two or more labs or assignments behind,
must stay during Lab to get 100%
attendance credit tonight - 8 labs in, and 7
assignments in. Who must stay:
o EVERYONE! (Unless you have turned more
in tonight).
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Social Issues - Essay
• Due today
• From “Social Issues” handout on website
• Topics for short homework essays and
semester essay, and on Quiz 2 and final
• Review of semester Essay (handout in first
class)
o 3 – 5 pages
o One one of the social issues from web page
o Must use course materials and discussion
o Not a research assignment
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Makeup for Quiz 2
• Next week, April 16, 5 – 6 PM in Room
213
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Upcoming Assignments
• This week, April 9
o Essay, on diskette
o Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET)
• Next week, April 16
o Makeup for Quiz 2
o Last regular class, lab in class
• Handout tonight
o All work to be counted in regular grade must be in(*)
o Review for Final
• Two weeks, April 23: Final Exam
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Review of Quiz 2
• Average 72 curved up to 82, circled grade
at top of paper is the curved one, the one
that counts
o My curving: lower grades get more boost
• Q1A: text stored by codes for characters
o ASCII, Unicode
• Q2B: images stored in pixels, RGB code
for each pixel
o Each row left to right, rows top to bottom
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Review of Quiz 2
• Q2A: Virus harms computer (files,
programs), spreads itself
• Q2B: Keyboard logger records keystrokes,
sends them to someone else (hacker)
o Keystrokes captured before encryption
• Q2C: Computer virus hoax is a false rumor
of a virus
• Q3: short essay on issue: (a) background,
(b) at least two views, © your own view
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Review of Quiz 2
• One essay file not on floppy, gets a zero
o CHECK YOUR DISKETTE!
• Excel, must be able to enter formulae on
list
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Topics
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FOLED
Open Source Vs Proprietary
Computer Connections
Access
Internet Enhancements
Social Issue
SET
Lab 12
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FOLED
• For Assignment 12
• In earlier Computers and Technology in a
Changing Society
• Now picture only
o Bottom right of Figure 8-1 on Pg 268 showing
a roll-up display.
• Stands for Flexible Organic Light-Emitting
Diode.
o May be important for miniaturized computers
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Open Source Vs Proprietary
• Two competing models, primarily for
software, of how it gets developed
o Proprietary: for profit, users cannot modify it,
file formats are trade secrets
• Tested by manufacturer before release
o Open source: developed by core group of
users with input from all
• Code and file formats publicly available with
modification rights (*)
• Tested continuously by users
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Open Source Vs Proprietary
• In theory:
o Proprietary:
• Developed by professionals
• In theory, better coordinated, integrated, tested
o Open Source:
• Features users really want
• Actually:
o Open source often works better, tested more
thoroughly by wide user community
o Proprietary does have better technical support
o Open source free or very inexpensive
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Open Source Vs Proprietary
Examples:
Operating
System
Proprietary
Windows
Open Source Linux
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Applications
Office
Star Office
Google Docs
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Computer Connections
• “Serial” – one wire (actually two for return)
o Bits one after the other in time (serially)
o Earlier had one wire for each bit (parallel),
theoretically faster but more complex and
electronic speeds now so fast that speed not
an issue
• MBps – Mega Bytes per second
• Mbps – Mega bits per second
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Computer Connections
Standard
USB 1.0
USB 1.1
USB 2.0
(2000)
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Type Speed
Serial 12 Mbps
Other
Not compatible with other USB.
This version is rare; it was
upgraded to 1.1 almost
immediately.
Serial 12 Mbps Compatible with all higher
versions, but at its own speed
(can seem slow connected to a
large USB 2.0 storage device)
Serial 480 Mbps Compatible with USB 1.1 and
any higher versions, but at its
own speed.
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Computer Connections
Standard Type Speed
Other
Wireless connections, connect components to computer
InfraRed Serial 4Mbps
Short range wireless
(IrDA)
connection
Bluetooth Serial 723 Kbps Short range wireless via
radio, speeds are being
increased
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Computer Connections
Standard Type Speed
Cable networking (LAN, Internet)
Modem
Serial Up to 56 kbps
Other
Most current home computers come
with standard modems.
DSL
Serial 1.544 Mbps
Many varieties and speeds, the most
(Digital
common of which is listed here.
Subscriber
Uses standard telephone lines
Line)
grouped together. Requires a special
modem. ISDN is an earlier, slower
standard that is mostly irrelevant
today.
Cable
Serial Variable, shared with other Requires a special modem.
Modem
users. Often faster into home
(27 Mbps) than out (1 to 3
Mbps).
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Computer Connections
andard Type
Speed
Other
able networking (LAN, Internet)
hernet Serial 10 Mbps Popular for networking, has replaced other schemes
or 100
such as Token Ring. Requires a special adapter or
Mbps (can NIC (Network Interface Card), included as standard
also use in most current computers.
optical
fiber).
ome Serial Variable Several standards allow networking within the
etworks
home, over the A/C power lines at speeds up to 20
MBps
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Computer Connections
• Wireless Internet
o 802.11(?) new types
o 802.11g 54 Mbps
o 802.11n is latest, 200 Mbps
o Later ones compatible with earlier
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Access
• Microsoft Access – database
o Looks like Excel but not
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Faster
Handles much more data
More secure
Can do more things with data
o Columns called Fields
• Same piece of info in each row of a field – e.g. first
name, last name, date of birthd
o Rows called records – all info about one case
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Access
• Enter data – always in last record
o If you just close, what happens, or doesn’t
happen?
• Sort
• For demo, download file WebLog.accdb
from IST 2710 website
o http://www.is.wayne.edu/gst2710
• Filter, join
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Two Internet Enhancements
• IPV6 – IP Version 6.
o Currently IPV4 – no IPV5
o IPV4 has four bytes for Internet addresses –
32 bits
o 232 = 4.3 Billion – seems like a lot, but…
o 6 Billion people on earth, headed for 9, and
each one of us will need a lot of IPs
o IPV6 16 bytes - #IPs = 3 with 132 zeroes
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Two Internet Enhancements
• Internet 2 – different than Web 2.0
o Much faster
• Ultimately thousands of times faster than current
broadband
o http://www.internet2.edu
o Also will have security enhancements
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Social Issues
• Privacy
o Threats:
• Someone else reading our private information
• Intercepting our communications
• Gathering information from many different sources
(use of databases to coordinate it all – see Access
Demo tonight)
o Ways to counter all of these threats
• Be careful with personal information
• Strong passwords
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Social Issues
• Privacy
o Ways to counter all of these threats
• Antivirus, firewall
• Turn computer off when not in use
o The ultimate protection:
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Encryption or scrambling
Public-key – private-key
Authentication
Stronger than signature
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Social Issues
• Privacy
o Will probably need legal protection or limits for
information about you that is held privately:
examples
• Phone records
• Magazine subscription records
• Credit card transactions
o Still, online more secure than offline
o Problem is speed and scale of selling info
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SET
• IST 2710
• Call Number: 23186
• Instructor: David Bowen
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Lab 12