Transcript Document

Improving Competitiveness of
Horticulture for National Food
Security:
Scientific with Spiritual Approach
Ahmad Dimyati
Researcher
Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development
Advisor, Indonesian Horticulture Board
October, 2013
Outline
• The approach
• Definition of food security
• Means to create food security
• Horticulture in relation to food security
• Definition and components of competitiveness
• Factors affecting competitiveness
• Ways to improve competitiveness of horticulture
• Conclusion
The Approach:
Organized Religiousity
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Human
Civilization
The Truth
The True Meaning
The True Happiness
Other Ways
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Definition of Food Security
• Committee on World Food Security, 2012:
“ Food and Nutrition Security exists when all people
at all times have physical, social and economic
access to food, which is safe and consumed in
sufficient quantity and quality to meet their
dietary needs and food preferences, and is
supported by an environment of adequate
sanitation, health services and care, allowing for a
healthy , {peaceful} and active life.”
Legal Aspect (1):
• Law No 18/2012 on Food:
“Food security is a condition of fulfillment of food
for the country up to individual, as expressed in
the availability of food, quantitatively and
qualitatively, safe, diversified, nutritious, well
distributed, and affordable not opposing the
religion, belief, and culture of the society for
healthy, active and sustainably productive life”
Legal Aspect 2:
• Law No 13/2010 on Horticulture:
“ The Government and/or local government shall have the
duties to increase people’s horticultural consumption
through:
a. Determination and socialization of fruits and vegetables
as principal food products;
b. Setting of targets for the rate of food and fruit
consumption per capita per year in line with the
standard of health; and
c. Loading of horticultural subjects into the curriculum of
national and local education.”
FS & Other Burdens
Food Security
• Quantity
• Quality
• Delivery & Affordability
• Socio-cultural issues
Energy
• Quantity
• Quality
• Delivery & Affordability
• Environmental impacts
Water
Air
• Quantity
• Quality
• Affordability
• Responsibility
Related Issues on FS
• Climate impact of food production
• Improve the resilience of food production to
future environmental change
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Protect biodiversity
Protect our freshwater resource
Move to healthier diets
Reduce the adverse impacts of food
production on ecosystem services
• Historical expansion of agriculture into forests
and natural ecosystems
• Loss of ecosystem services listed above
Global Food Security Challenges
(Pete Smith, 2012: Delivering Food Security without Increasing Pressure on Land)
Sustainable
intensification:
•closing yield gap
•increasing
production potential
•reducing waste
New approach:
• Changing diets
• Alternative crops
• Expanding
aquaculture
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Future Ag & Food Strategy
Sustainable
Intensification,
Alternative
source of
nutrients
(Garnett and Godfray, 2012
Tilman et al, 2011)
Sustainable
Intensification
Consumers’
education
(Pete Smith, 2013)
Agriculture and
Economic
Transformation
Science &
Spirituality
(Pete Smith, 2013,
Dimyati, 2013)
Means to create food security
• Availability: production and distribution
• Production: areal and productivity, land,
technology, research and development, extension
• Distribution: infrastructure, institutions
• Accessability i.e. affordability, infrastructure, price,
purchasing power
• What types of food policy?
Pro growers vs Pro Consumers
CAUSAL LOOP OF NATIONAL SHALLOT PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Horticulture in relation to food security
• Nutrient availability and accessability
• Horticulture contribution to provide nutrient-rich products
to alleviate “hidden hunger” which may cause noncommunicable degenerative diseases
Functional fruits and vegetables for better life (Siswanto,
CAHTEC-MoH)
 Tropical fruits have better vitamins, minerals and antioxidants
(R.Purwanto)
• Horticulture role in increasing people’s purchasing power:
high value produce for limited land
Better than food and estate crops, comparable to livestock
East Indonesia Agribusiness Development Option
(Tiago et al, 2013. CHCG)
Commodities with most potential to increase income of the poor
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Definition and components of
competitiveness
Competitiveness pertains to the ability and
performance of a firm, sub-sector or country
to sell and supply goods and services in a given
market, in relation to the ability and
performance of other firms, sub-sectors, or
countries in the same market
(Wikipedia, 4 Oct, 2013; 10.11)
Components: Productivity, eficiency, delivery,
quality, image
Competitive Hort and FS
Competitive
Hort Products
Sustainable
Hort Industry
People’s health,
productivity, prosperity
Domestic market
protection
Availability and
accessibility of quality
products
Factors affecting competitiveness:
Land and
Infrastructure
Policies &
Programs
• Hort regions
• Road & market
• Packing, processing, storage
Cluster development • Techonolgy
• Institutions
Value chain
• Intergrated services
improvement
Technology
Institutions
Finance
• R & D Network
• Replicate traditional
institutions
• Innovative financing
Ways to improve competitiveness:
• Policy formulation
• Nutrient affordability versus business
attractiveness: pro-consumers versus pro-farmers
policies
• Landuse planning
• Infrastructure development
• Cluster development of selected crops
• Value chain improvement
Experts’ Suggestions (1)
Robert Holmer, AVRDC World-Veg Center:
• Global: Nourishing People, Enhancing Resilience, Reducing
Emissions
• SEA: Climate-smart Vegetable Production Technologies for
Small Farming Communities in Southeast Asia
Karen Tambayong, IHB, GCH AIPH:
• Green city prospect and challenges in Asia
Richard Markham, ACIAR:
• New drivers for ICM, GR management, SCM/VCM for
sustaining tropical horticulture
Experts’ Suggestions (2)
Tomohide Sugino, JIRCAS:
• Improvement of technologies to reduce GHG emission from
vegetable lands in Asia
Arij Everaart, Waginengen University:
• Development of sustainable vegetable production systems
Tomohiro Kamogawa, SAKATA:
• Strong internal and external network of competence
Peerasak Srinives,Katsetsart University:
• Vision and creativity
Cluster of Mango
Production
Area Specific
for Mango cv
“Gedong
Gincu”
Traditional
Domestic
Market
Input
Store
Packing House:
Primary processing
Grading
Branding
Extension
Business
Consultant Financial Service Research
Outreach
Institution
Consortium of Service
Partnership
&
Traceability
Modern
Domestic
Market
Processing
Companies
Export
Market
Recommendations:
• Large scale or consolidated units of innovation-led
business with efective and efficient value chains
• Policy and program facilitating the allocation of
land and construction of infrastructure for the work
of a business partnership among different actors of
value chain of selected products
• Development of competitive products supported
by a consortium of integrated services.
• Consumers’ education and public awareness
• Revitalizing spirituality led business culture