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Non-infinitive (非谓语动词) 华亭电大 张云香 前言： 非谓语动词是英语学习中的重点，也 是难点，同时更是考试常考的考点。该 课件重在通过理论知识的精准化讲解， 结合广播电视大学英语教材特征及考试 基本要求列举例题进行分析，并通过常 考题型进行归纳总结和练习，能使广大 学员更准确快速地掌握非谓语动词在英 语中的用法和考点信息。 不定式 过去分词 非 谓 语 动 词 V.-ing 形式 常见考试题 巩固 题1 巩固 题2 近几年高考主要考查了不定式做宾语和 表语。此外 还考了不定式的时态和否定形式。 不 定 式 不定式的作用 不定式的时态和语态 不定式的否定形式 1.作状语 过 去 分 词 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语 不定式 1 不定式的作用 [例1] I’ve work with children before, so I know what ___ in my job. A. expected B B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 该题考查疑问+不定式在句中做宾语的用法。英 语中有一些动词 后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式 做宾语，如： tell, discuss, know, show, learn, decide, wonder, explain… 不定式 1 不定式的作用 [例2] The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult. A. not make B. B not to make C. not making D. do not make. 因为主语是the purpose，在（purpose, wish, promise, plan）后常跟不定式，故表语要用 不定式，to不能省略，因此构成the purpose is to…not to…do 句型，故选B 。 不定式 2 不定式的时态和语态 [例3] I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. having gone C. going D. D to have gone 该题考查动词不定式做宾语的 用法。would love(like) to 是固定搭配，因此B、C、不合题 意。Would love +不定式一般式，表示“想， 希望”，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望 而未曾实现”的意思。 [例4] Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjoy it. (2002) B to be seen A. to see B. C. seeing D. seen 不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关 系,被动关系用被动. 例如：It was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers. The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be rather difficult. 不定式 3 不定式的否定形式 [例5] The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C C. not to eat D. not eat 该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意 warn后跟词方式， ① warn sb. not to do sth. ② warn sb. against doing sth. 该题应该用①结构 另外，not 应放在to之前。 在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只有少 数动词（五个看see, watch, notice, observe, look at； 三使役make, let, have;二听listen to, hear等）须接不 带to 的不定式做宾补。 过去分词 过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语、定语、表 语和补语的用法。 1.作状语 [例1] _____ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. C Lost D. To lose 1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing 或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是主语。 2.“陷入深思”有两种表达法， A.Lose oneself in thought B.be lost in thought,按句子提供的语 境可用结构B. 过去分词 2.作定语 [例2] The Olympic Games,___ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912. A. B. to be first played A first played C. first playing D. to be first playing ①过去 分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且 过去分词表示的动作以完成。 ② 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是 主谓关系。 ③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 所以A是正确的。First played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C. 过去分词 3.作表语 [例3] Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. C paid D. to pay 该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题 被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded. V.-ing 形式 [例 ] European football is played in 80 countries, ___ it the most popular sport in the world. A. A making B. makes C. made D. to make Making it the popular sport in the world为现 在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常 放在句子的后面,—ing表示顺其自然，不 定式表示突然，出乎意料。如： His parents died, leaving him an orphan. He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed 过去分词 4.作补语 [例4] The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ___ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. C carried out D. to carry out 该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。 the plan 与carry out 的关系是被动关系。see sth.done 这结构常见的还有watch (notice, observe,have 和make)sth. done. A 1. Friendship is like money：easier made than ______ A．kept B．to be kept C．keeping D．being kept 2. ____ D the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement． A．The president will attend B．The president to attend C．The president attended D．The president's attending A to speak，you should remain silent at the conference． 3. Unless ___ A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 4. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role ______ B in making the earth a better place to live． A．to have played B．to play C．to be played D．to be playing 5. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 6. ____ down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room. A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn 7. Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 8. ---I must apologize for ____ ahead of time. ---That’s all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 9. Rather than ___ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ____ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding 10. The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 11. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 12. ---You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ____ that. A. to do b. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 13. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 14. ---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---____ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 巩固练习 1.He gave us some advice on how____ English. C A.learning B. learned C. to learn D. learn 2. It ’s a pay day，and they are waiting____. D A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to be paid 3. --- A letter may be too slow. ---- Why not ____Aa telegram. A.try sending B.try to send C.to try sending D.trying to send B 4.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing. A.to see B.seeing C.see D.to be seen 5.Mrs.Smith warned her husband_____afterAdrinking again and again. A.never to drive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never drive 6. To master a foreign language,______. D A. a lot of practice is needed B. it needs a lot of practice C. practice is in need of D. one needs a lot of practice