Transcript No Slide Title

HEALTH OF LITHUANIAN POPULATION
IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT
PROFESSOR RAMUNE KALEDIENE
LITHUANIAN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
Gross domestic product, US$ per capita
50000
40000
30000
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
20000
10000
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Total health expenditure as % of gross
domestic product (GDP)
11
10
9
8
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
7
6
5
4
1995
2000
2005
2010
Hospital beds (per 100 000 population)
10
9
8
7
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
6
5
4
3
2
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Physicians (per 100 000 population)
450
400
350
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
300
250
200
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
General practitioners
(per 100 000 population)
150
100
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
50
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Nurses (per 100 000 population)
1000
900
800
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
700
600
500
400
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Average length of stay, all hospitals
20
15
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
10
5
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Percent of population aged 65+ years
18
17
16
15
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
14
13
12
11
10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Number of live births per 1000
population
20
15
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
10
5
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Crude death rate per 1000 population
17
16
15
14
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
13
12
11
10
9
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Natural population growth
10
5
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
0
-5
-10
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Infant mortality
25
20
15
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
10
5
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Perinatal mortality
20
15
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
10
5
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Life expectancy at birth
85
80
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
75
70
65
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Difference in life expectancy of males
and females in EU countries
14
13
12
11
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
10
9
8
7
6
5
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Life expectancy of Lithuanian males and
females in 1997 (1) and 2001(2)
5,5
Males
1
2 4,3
9,6
1
2 9,3
1
2
12,1
14,2
11,7
14,3
12,5
80
70
Females
1
2
5
12,7
5
13,0
1
2
15,3
19,0
15,9
18,7
21,7
28,3
20,3
41,9
40
30
20
10
0
1
2
21,2
52,7
0
53,7
1
2
23,4
39,4
52,7
50
1
2
26,6
15
40,4
11,5
12,2
60
65
30
39,1
13,2
4,9
45
26,7
13,0
1
2
4
5,0
26,2
1
2 11,8
1
2
4
85
24,2
55,3
0
10
20
Healthy life expectancy
- Unhealthy life expectancy
30
22,1
40
50
60
70
1
2
80
Structure of cause-specific mortality
of Lithuanian population, 2010
Cancers
55.4 %
19.3 %
External causes
(injuries, poisoning, suicides)
9.9 %
Cardiovascular diseases
Digestive system diseases
3.7 %
5.3 %
Infectious and parasitic
diseases (tuberculosis = 50 %)
1.1 %
Respiratory diseases
Other
5.3 %
Total:
100.0 %
Mortality from ischaemic heart disease
(0 – 64 years), per 100 000
200
150
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
100
50
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Mortality from cerebrovascular
diseases (0 – 64 years), per 100 000
70
60
50
40
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
30
20
10
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Mortality from cancer (0 – 64 years),
per 100 000
130
120
110
100
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
90
80
70
60
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Female mortality from cervix cancer,
per 100 000
15
10
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
5
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Female mortality from cervix cancer
in selected EU countries
Romania (2007)
Lithuania (2007)
EU-12 (2007)
Estonia (2008)
Poland (2008)
Bulgaria (2008)
Slovakia (2005)
Latvia (2008)
Hungary (2009)
Czech R. (2009)
Slovenia (2008)
EU-15 (2009)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
SDR / 100000
16
Female mortality from breast cancer,
per 100 000
35
30
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
25
20
15
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Female mortality from breast cancer in
selected EU countries
Latvia (2008)
Hungary (2009)
Lithuania (2009)
Bulgaria (2008)
Estonia (2008)
Romania (2009)
Slovenia (2008)
EU-12 (2009)
EU-15 (2009)
Slovakia (2005)
Poland (2008)
Czech R. (2009)
0
5
10
15
SDR / 100000
20
External causes mortality (0 – 64 years),
per 100 000
250
200
150
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
100
50
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Suicide mortality (0 – 64 years), per 100 000
50
40
30
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
20
10
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Male suicide mortality
Lithuania (2009)
Latvia (2008)
Hungary (2009)
Estonia (2008)
Poland (2008)
Slovenia (2008)
EU members since 2004 or 2007 (2009)
Slovakia (2005)
Czechia (2009)
Romania (2009)
Bulgaria (2008)
EU members before May 2004 (2009)
0
10
20
30
40
50
SDR / 100000
60
Female suicide mortality
Lithuania (2009)
Hungary (2009)
Estonia (2008)
Slovenia (2008)
Latvia (2008)
EU members before May 2004 (2009)
EU members since 2004 or 2007 (2009)
Bulgaria (2008)
Poland (2008)
Czech R. (2009)
Slovakia (2005)
Romania (2009)
SDR / 100000
Proportion of persons who assessed their health status
as good or reasonably good in 1994-2010
60
48
50
43
42
43
%
40
30
31
45
51
51
49
49
43
42
40
30
49
42
40
32
MEN
WOMEN
20
10
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Prevalence of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases
• Tobacco use (age 20-64)
• daily smoking 34% males, 15% females
• Risky – harmful alcohol consumption (age 15-74)
• 31% males, 9,5% females
• Inadequate fruits and vegetable intake (age 20-64)
• Reported use of vegetables at least 3 times a week 63% males, 68%
females
• Physical inactivity (age 20-64)
• Reported physical activity (at least 30 minutes 4 days per week) 20%
males, 22% females
• Raised Blood Pressure (age 25-64)
• 60.3% in males, 44.6% females.
• Obesity/overweight (age 20-64)
• obesity 17% males, 20% females
• overweight 61% males, 46% females
Prevalence of daily smoking among Lithuanian
population aged 20-64 in 1994-2010
60
52
47
50
49
44
43
39
43
%
40
39
34
30
20
10
13
6
16
13
14
15
14
9
15
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
MEN
WOMEN
Smoking-related mortality of
Lithuanian population, 2006
%
35
30
25
20
Males
Females
15
10
5
0
35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84
Age
85+
Proportion of 11-15-year-old boys and girls who reported
smoking in 2005-2006 school-year
%
Israel
Macedonia, tfyr
Romania
Sweden
Greece
United States
Portugal
Iceland
Slovenia
Kanada
Norway
Switzerland
Poland
Denmark
Slovak Republic
Netherlands
Belgiuk
Ukraine
Rep. of Ireland
Spain
Lithuania
France
Estonia
Luxembourgh
Italy
Germany
Finland
United Kingdom
Croatia
Hungary
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Latvia
Malta
Austria
Bulgaria
Greenland
Girls
30
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
4.7
6.6
6.8
7.0
8.2
8.8
8.8
8.9
9.1
9.2
9.3
10.0
10.0
10.9
10.9
11.3
11.3
11.8
11.9
12.2
12.4
12.6
12.8
13.0
13.3
13.9
14.0
14.2
14.4
14.9
16.1
16.7
17.1
17.5
19.3
20.2
28.5
20
10
0
4.6
6.8
7.4
8.4
8.4
8.5
8.5
9.1
9.6
10.2
10.6
10.7
10.8
11.3
11.3
11.5
11.8
11.8
11.9
12.1
12.3
12.7
14.0
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.7
15.1
15.2
17.2
17.4
17.5
19.1
19.3
20.7
21.0
0
10
20
Sweden
Norway
Macedonia, tfyr
Spain
Greece
United States
Canada
Iceland
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Slovenia
Belgium
Portugal
France
Switzerland
Germany
Rep. of Ireland
Romania
Denmark
Poland
Luxembourgh
Italy
Hungary
Czech Republic
Finland
Croatia
Slovak Republic
Israel
Malta
Bulgaria
Austria
Lithuania
Estonia
Greenland
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Latvia
30
Data from 37 countries standardized by age. Countries are ranked by ascending smoking prevalence
Proportion of persons drinking strong alcohol at
least once a week in 1994-2010
40
34
35
31
29
29
30
27
30
28
29
%
25
24
20
15
10
11
6
7
7
8
10
10
MEN
WOMEN
12
9
5
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Proportion of persons drinking bear at least once a
week in 1994-2010
70
59
56
56
60
49
50
44
53
52
51
39
40
%
MEN
WOMEN
30
18
20
10
18
13
7
8
1994
1996
16
18
14
12
0
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Alcohol related problems dynamic
(cases per 100 000 population)
27 % decrease in 2 years
31% decrease in 2 years
Dynamic of alcohol related problems
(2009)
• 456 people less died (30% decrease) from
alcohol related causes
• 1.8 times decrease of alcoholic
cardiomiopathy
• 7.5% decrease of social risk families with
drinking problems
• 41% decrease of drunk drivers caused road
accidents
Proportion of regular users of alcohol in 1994,
1998, 2002 and 2006
%
30
27.3
25.0
25
19.8
20
15.7
15
13.6
11.2
10.5
10
6.0
5
0
2.7
8.6
7.6
5.0
2.3
3.6
1.1
4.4
2.1
1994 1998 2002 2006
11 ye ars
3.9
3.1
12.9
9.3
8.1
5.3
5.5
1994 1998 2002 2006
1994 1998 2002 2006
13 ye ars
15 ye ars
Boys
Girls
Proportion of 11-15-year-old boys and girls who reported weekly
drinking of alcoholic beverages in 2005-2006 school-year
%
Poland
Portugal
Finland
Norway
Iceland
Greenland
Sweden
Germany
United States
Macedonia
Switzerland
Canada
Spain
Israel
Ireland
Romania
France
Luxembourgh
Estonia
Slovenia
Denmark
Lithuania
Hungary
Belgium
Latvia
Greece
Netherlands
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Austria
Croatia
Russian Federation
Italy
United Kingdom
Bulgaria
Malta
Ukraine
Girls
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.3
5.4
5.5
6.4
6.5
6.8
7.1
7.5
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.8
8.9
9.9
9.9
10.0
11.1
11.6
12.5
12.9
13.2
13.8
14.1
14.2
14.5
14.8
16.3
19.3
19.6
22.4
30.7
50
40
30
20
10
0
4.5
4.9
6.1
6.9
8.0
8.3
9.1
9.2
9.4
9.9
10.1
11.2
12.4
13.5
14.2
14.6
14.6
14.9
15.2
16.3
17.2
17.4
18.2
19.1
19.3
20.0
20.6
20.6
21.8
22.2
22.5
23.1
26.0
29.5
29.6
31.9
40.2
0
10
20
30
40
Norway
Greenland
Finland
Iceland
United States
Poland
Portugal
Spain
Ireland
Sweden
Canada
Germany
Switzerland
Lithuania
Luxembourgh
Estonia
Macedonia
France
Denmark
Latvia
Hungary
Slovenia
Russian Federation
Austria
Israel
Belgium
Netherlands
Slovakia
Czech Republic
Romania
Greece
United Kingdom
Croatia
Italy
Bulgaria
Malta
Ukraine
50
Data from 37 countries standardized by age. Countries are ranked by ascending prevalence of weekly alcohol use
Proportion of respondents who reported has been „really drunk“
one and two or more times, in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006
Girls
Have been "realy drunk":
9.3
only one time
9.9
two or more times
15.2
11.8
16.1
25.1
36.0
38.4
38.1
45.7
68.9
75.5
100
80
%
60
40
20
Boys
11 ye ars
1994
1998
2002
2006
18.8
22.1
25.2
21.0
13 ye ars
1994
1998
2002
2006
15 ye ars
1994
1998
2002
2006
0
0
28.4
39.8
51.1
50.0
50.3
58.8
77.1
77.8
20
40
60
80
100
%
Proportion of 11-15-year-old boys and girls who have been drunk
two or more times, in 2005/2006 school-year
Girls
%
Israel
Macedonia, tfyr
Malta
Switzerland
Greece
Italy
France
United States
Portugal
Luxembourgh
Netherlands
Romania
Sweden
Belgium
Spain
Germany
Norway
Iceland
Slovenia
Poland
Rep. of Ireland
Croatia
Czech Republic
Hungary
Austria
Ukraine
Slovak Republic
Canada
Finland
Russian Federation
Latvia
Greenland
Estonia
Bulgaria
Denmark
Lithuania
United Kingdom
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
4.8
5.0
7.1
7.4
7.4
7.4
8.0
8.3
8.4
8.5
9.0
9.6
9.8
10.0
10.2
11.3
11.7
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.8
13.7
13.9
13.9
14.1
14.8
15.1
16.6
18.5
18.5
19.2
19.2
19.7
20.3
21.8
22.1
24.0
30
20
10
0
8.9
9.4
9.8
10.0
10.1
10.3
11.1
11.3
11.7
11.9
12.3
12.3
12.5
12.6
12.7
13.3
15.3
15.7
16.1
17.4
17.8
18.4
18.7
19.3
19.6
19.8
21.1
22.3
22.4
25.0
25.3
25.4
25.5
27.3
27.6
29.0
29.3
0
10
20
United States
Malta
Norway
Spain
Greece
Sweden
Macedonia, tfyr
Italy
Luxembourgh
France
Iceland
Switzerland
Israel
Portugal
Netherlands
Germany
Belgium
Rep. of Ireland
Canada
Czech Republic
Austria
Hungary
Greenland
Slovak Republic
Finland
Poland
Slovenia
Ukraine
Russian Federation
Croatia
Romania
United Kingdom
Denmark
Latvia
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Estonia
30
Data from 37 countries standardized by age. Countries are ranked by ascending prevalence of drunkeness
Proportion of 15-year-old regular drinkers of alcopops,
beer and other alcoholic drinks in 2006
%
20
17.5
16.9
15.3
15
10
7.2
5.6***
3.7***
5
0
Alcopops
Beer
Boys
Other drinks
Girls
*** p0,001 Z test, when comparing responses of boys and girls
Proportion of 11-15-year-old boys and girls who have ever used
cannabis, in 2005/2006 school-year
Girls
%
Greece
Romania
Israel
Macedonia
Sweden
Finland
Portugal
Iceland
Lithuania
Hungary
Ukraine
Malta
Croatia
Austria
Russian Federation
Danmark
Poland
Germany
Slovenia
Slovakia
Latvia
Greenland
Italy
Bulgaria
Estonia
Belgiuk
Ireland
Luxembourgh
Netherland
Czech Republic
France
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Spain
United States
Canada
1.6
1.6
2.2
2.8
3.7
4.9
7.0
8.7
9.7
10.1
10.3
11.0
11.1
12.4
12.6
12.7
13.3
13.3
14.0
14.5
15.2
16.3
16.4
17.6
18.6
18.8
20.8
21.1
22.2
22.3
25.4
27.2
27.2
29.9
30.7
32.8
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
40
30
20
10
0
4.2
4.8
4.9
5.2
5.7
9.8
10.7
11.8
13.0
13.1
14.1
16.7
16.8
17.2
19.6
19.8
20.2
20.7
21.3
22.8
23.2
23.3
23.7
25.3
25.3
25.5
26.1
26.4
27.3
28.3
29.2
30.6
30.6
31.0
33.6
33.9
0
10
20
30
Macedonia
Romania
Sweden
Greece
Israel
Finland
Iceland
Portugal
Hungary
Austria
Malta
Russian Federation
Croatia
Germany
Lithuania
Bulgaria
Danmark
Slovenia
Slovakia
Italy
Ukraine
Greenland
Poland
Belgium
Luxembourgh
Netherlands
Latvia
Ireland
Czech Republic
United Kingdom
France
Spain
United States
Estonia
Switzerland
Canada
40
Data from 37 countries standardized by age. Countries are ranked by ascending prevalence of cannabis use
Proportion of 11-15-year-old boys and girls who took part in
physical activity less than two times per week, in 1994, 1998, 2002
and 2006
Proportion of 11-15-year-old boys and girls who took part in
physical activity less than two times per week,
in 2005-2006 school-year
%
Netherlands
Finland
Slovakia
Iceland
Canada
Norway
Denmark
Ireland
Greenland
Germany
United States
Ukraine
Estonia
Sweden
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
Austria
Hungary
Switzerland
Greece
Romania
Belgium
Latvia
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Italy
Bulgaria
Slovenia
Portugal
Spain
Poland
Macedonia
Malta
Israel
France
Croatia
Lithuania
Turkey
Girls
60
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
18.4
19.0
21.4
21.8
23.7
24.0
25.1
26.0
27.9
28.4
31.0
33.6
34.0
34.0
34.9
35.1
35.9
36.4
36.9
37.8
38.7
38.7
39.3
40.2
41.1
42.1
43.5
45.9
46.1
46.2
49.0
49.3
49.7
50.1
51.7
51.8
54.4
60.6
40
20
0
10.5
10.9
13.6
15.8
16.3
16.7
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.8
18.3
18.4
18.6
18.9
19.0
19.2
19.4
20.1
20.3
20.3
21.4
22.1
23.1
23.2
23.4
24.0
25.0
25.0
25.7
25.9
26.9
28.7
29.9
30.6
31.1
31.1
37.8
40.3
0
20
40
Netherlands
Slovakia
Ireland
Finland
Germany
Canada
Greenland
Switzerland
Iceland
Norway
Denmark
Greece
United States
United Kingdom
Ukraine
Hungary
Luxembourg
Latvia
Belgium
Portugal
Italy
Spain
Estonia
France
Romania
Austria
Czech Republic
Russian Federation
Bulgaria
Sweden
Lithuania
Israel
Poland
Macedonia
Croatia
Slovenia
Malta
Turkey
60
Data from 38 countries standardized by age. Countries are ranked by ascending prevalence
Schoolchildren rating their health as excellent or good (%)
Girls
%
Switzerland
Israel
Spain
Macedonia
Finland
Czech Republic
Greece
Ireland
Belgium-Flem
Italy
Sweden
Canada
Slovenia
Poland
Denmark
Germany
Hungary
Austria
Netherlands
Estonia
Norway
Belgium-Fren
HBSC AVERAGE
USA
Portugal
Scotland
Croatia
Malta
England
Greenland
Wales
Latvia
Russia
Lithuania
Ukraine
France
89.8
89.8
89.3
88.9
87.5
87.1
86.6
86.5
85.3
84.5
84.1
84.1
83.6
82.9
82.3
81.8
81.1
79.9
79.7
79.6
79.0
78.9
78.8
76.8
76.7
76.7
75.3
74.8
73.0
68.2
67.7
66.2
60.1
59.0
46.4
n/a
100
HBSC 2001/02
#
90
80
70
60
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
50
93.3
93.0
92.8
92.1
91.9
90.9
90.6
90.4
89.4
89.4
89.0
88.9
88.6
88.6
88.4
88.3
88.2
87.7
86.6
86.1
85.8
85.4
85.1
84.7
84.1
83.9
83.5
82.9
82.8
81.9
79.0
78.5
76.1
76.1
70.4
n/a
50
60
70
80
90
Greece
Macedonia
Spain
Switzerland
Israel
Slovenia
Finland
Italy
Sweden
Czech Republic
Hungary
Austria
Belgium-Flem
Canada
Germany
Poland
Denmark
Ireland
Belgium-Fren
HBSC AVERAGE
Netherlands
Estonia
Portugal
Croatia
Norway
Greenland
USA
Malta
Scotland
England
Latvia
Wales
Lithuania
Russia
Ukraine
France
100
Proportion of unhappy schoolchildren
(%, 1994-2002)
50%
40,80%
40%
31,60%
30,10%
30%
19,80%
20%
19,50%
10%
0%
Boys
Girls
1994
1998
2002
29,30%
Schoolchildren with 7 or more scores of a life satisfaction
scale (%)
Girls
%
Netherlands
Greece
Macedonia
Finland
Israel
Belgium-Flem
Switzerland
Spain
Germany
Austria
Ireland
Italy
Denmark
Canada
Hungary
Sweden
Scotland
HBSC AVERAGE
France
Czech Republic
Slovenia
Malta
USA
Norway
England
Croatia
Wales
Poland
Portugal
Estonia
Latvia
Russia
Greenland
Lithuania
Ukraine
Belgium-Fren
100
HBSC 2001/02
Boys
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
92.6
90.6
90.4
90.0
88.7
86.9
86.2
85.7
85.0
84.9
84.9
84.3
84.1
83.6
83.2
83.0
82.6
82.3
82.3
82.1
81.9
81.7
81.0
80.4
80.3
79.1
79.0
77.8
76.9
76.2
75.0
74.2
74.1
73.4
73.3
n/a
95
85
75
65
55
95.9
93.8
93.3
91.7
91.2
91.2
90.4
90.0
89.5
89.5
89.3
89.0
89.0
88.8
88.7
88.7
87.8
86.6
86.5
86.0
85.8
85.6
85.3
85.2
84.6
84.2
84.2
83.6
83.4
82.2
78.9
78.1
77.2
76.9
76.2
n/a
55
65
75
85
95
Netherlands
Greece
Finland
Switzerland
Denmark
Austria
Macedonia
Spain
Scotland
Israel
Slovenia
Canada
Sweden
Belgium-Flem
Wales
Ireland
France
England
HBSC AVERAGE
Italy
Germany
Hungary
Norway
USA
Czech Republic
Malta
Portugal
Croatia
Greenland
Poland
Latvia
Russia
Estonia
Lithuania
Ukraine
Belgium-Fren
100
Proportion of boys at high suicide risk
(%, 1994-2002)
10%
9%
8,8%
8,7%
7,9%
7,8%
7,4%
8%
6,7%
7%
6,4%
6,1%
6%
5%
3,5%
4%
3%
2%
1%
0%
11 years
13 years
1994
1998
15 years
2002
Proportion of girls at high suicide risk
(%, 1994-2002)
20%
18,7%
16,7%
15%
11,8%
11,5%
9,1% 8,7%
10%
7,0%
5,8%
5%
4,1%
0%
11 years
13 years
1994
1998
15 years
2002
AIDS (clinically diagnosed) incidence
7
6
5
4
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
EU members before May 2004
EU members since 2004 or 2007
3
2
1
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Trends in age-standardized mortality of urban and
rural Lithuanian populations
Differences in life expectancy of urban and
rural populations (years)
Comparison of suicide mortality of urban
and rural populations
(mortality of urban population=1)
Age-standardized overall mortality rates
per 100,000 population by sex and
level of education
Mortality per 100 000
3500
*
3000
Males
2500
Females
*
2000
1500
*
*
1000
*
500
0
1989
Primary and lower
2001
1989
Secondary
* - p< 0.05 compare to 1989
2001
University
*
Proportion of men, who assessed their health status
as good or reasonably good by the level of education
in 1994-2010
65
70
60
56
66
59
52
42
37
42
51
41
37
31
%
64
56
51
49
50
40
58
25
30
20
Secondary
10
University
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Proportion of women, who assessed their health
status as good or reasonably good by the level of
education in 1994-2010
80
70
60
56
57
51
50
69
55
43
34
21
66
50
% 40
30
63
19
34
35
38
40
40
22
20
Secondary
10
University
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Difference between total life expectancy of
Lithuanian males and life expectancy by
different educational categories
0,45
0,44
0,53*
0,41*
0,52*
0,31*
0,49*
0,09
0,58*
0,18
0,84*
0,31
1,15*
0,21
2,14*
5,59*
0,68*
-8
-7
70
0,88
2,76*
1,81*
2,25*
2,41*
3,22*
1,33*
60
3,97*
1,86*
55
4,98*
2,41*
5,63*
2,94*
6,22*
3,69*
40
6,75*
4,19*
7,22*
4,69*
30
3,06*
7,75*
5,12*
25
6,21*
-9
75
35
1,56*
8,05*
8,63*
80
65
2,15
1,1*
0,18 50
0,28 45
3,89*
6,83*
85 0,68
8,12*
5,51*
-6
-5
Primary
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
Age
1
1989
2001
2
3
4
*-difference is statistically significant, p<0.05
5
6
University
7
8
9
Difference between total life expectancy of
Lithuanian females and life expectancy by
different educational categories
0,97
0,33
0,87*
0,31*
0,81*
0,28*
0,86*
0,15
0,88*
0,22
1,08*
0,26
1,25*
0,27
1,90*
0,30
4,19*
5,97*
8,87*
9,11*
2,03*
9,42*
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
Primary
-5
-4
-3
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
0,25
4,30*
0,33
4,43*
0,46
4,66*
0,64
4,99*
0,8
0,27 45
40
0,66*
35
0,89*
30
5,27*
1,01
5,43*
1,2
5,55*
1,34
5,69*
1,4
25
2,84*
2,83
3,36
2,96*
3,26*
3,57*
2,40*
3,99*
85
5,78*
1,47*
-2
-1 Age
0
1
1989
2
3
4
5
2001
*-difference is statistically significant, p<0.05
6
7
University
8
9
10
Proportion of daily smoking among men in 1994 –
2010 by the level of education
65
55
%
Secondary
56
47
50
53
49
48
48
40
45
35
University
32
35
41
35
31
25
25
21
25
21
21
15
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Proportion of daily smoking among women in
1994 – 2010 by the level of education
Secondary
25
18
20
%
15
10
5
20
19
16
14
5
20
13
13
14
8
University
9
10
9
12
11
6
6
1996
1998
0
1994
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Proportion (%) of daily smokers, by family income
%
70
58.9*
60
48.1
43.5
50
40
30
20
11.2
10.4
10.0
10
0
Low income
Average income
Men
High income
Women
* - p<0.05, if compared with average and high income
Mortality per 100 000
Age-standardized overall mortality
rates by sex and marital status
5000
Male
Female
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1989
Married
2001
Never married
1989
Widowed
2001
Divorced
Interventions to reduce health
differentials: policy options
3
Socio-economic
position
1
specific determinants
2
health
status
4
1. Reduce inequalities in education/occupation/income
2. Reduce inequalities in specific determinants (e.g. smoking)
3. Diminish the effect of health on socio-economic position
(e.g. keeping unhealthy in the position)
4. “Extra” health care for lower socio-economic groups, more
unhealthy
Thank you for attention!