Transcript Crime & Deviance - Tipp City Exempted Village Schools

Crime & Deviance
Part 2: Crime & Capital Punishment
Crime
• Any act that’s
labeled as such
by those in
authority, is
prohibited by
law, and is
punishable by
the government
Who commits crimes?
• More likely if
– male
– white
– African Americans
– Under 25
– Warm weather
– Aggressive thoughts & behaviors
– In a large group
How the heck do we know all this?
• Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) by the FBI
• Certain limitations
– Not all complaints filed (especially with family and
sexual assault cases)
– Police more likely to report if individual has bad
attitude & from higher social class
5 Categories of Crime
1. Violent Crime
• Murder, rape, robbery
• Very small % of all crimes committed
2. Crime Against Property
Robbery
Burglary
Larceny
Stealing
Breaking & Entering
Usually doesn’t use
force
Armed
Intent to steal
Motor vehicle theft
In presence of victim Doesn’t always
Aggravated /Armed cause damage
Purse-snatch,
shoplifting, fraud,
forgery, identity
theft, embezzlement
3. Victimless Crime
• Prostitution, gambling, vagrancy,
• Harm no one but person committing act
4. White-Collar Crime
• High social status
• Fraud, tax evasion,
embezzlement, toxic
pollution, political
corruption
• Downplayed by public
/ press
• Most costly type
5. Organized Crime
• Large-scale
organization of
professional criminals
that control business
through violence /
threat of violence
• Drug trafficking, illegal
gambling, unfair labor
practices, etc.
Criminal Justice System
Police
• Have immediate control over whose arrested
• Police discretion – power to decide
• Considerations:
– Seriousness of offense
– Wishes of victim
– Attitude of suspect
– Bystanders present
– African Americans (racial profiling)
Courts
• Once arrested – courts have responsibility
• 3 parts
– Guilty or innocent
– Sane / Insane
– Punishment if guilty
• Plea Bargaining – plead guilty to lesser crime
for lighter sentence
Types of Violent Crime
• Felonies – serious crimes (jail time, loss of
voting privileges)
• Misdemeanors – less serious
• Homicide – killing of another human being
(the action)
– 2 types: murder & manslaughter
Murder
• Unlawful killing of another human being with
intent or malice afterthought
• 1st Degree – provoked, premeditated
• 2nd Degree - homicide same time as felony
– Unplanned, but fully aware of actions
Manslaughter
• Voluntary – Intent to kill but was provoked
– Mental disorder, self-defense gone too far
– “In the heat of passion”
• Involuntary
– Killing without malice, no intent, a terrible
accident
Corrections
• If found guilty – use sanctions
• 4 basic functions of corrections:
– Retribution – revenge for victim / society
– Deterrence – discourage from future crimes
– Rehab – return to society as law-abiding citizen
– Social Protection – prevent from committing more
crimes
Recidivism
• Repeated criminal
behavior
• 2/3 of released
prisoners will be
charged with new
crimes
Juvenile Justice System
• Contemporary Idea – used to remain in
custody way too long, vague laws
• Try to provide more services to rehab them
• Can be tried as adults for serious crimes