Transcript Benefits and Critical Success factors for Water Safety

DR. ESPER JACOB NCUBE
IWA AFRICA WATER SAFETY PLAN WORKSHOP
NAIROBI, KENYA 24TH – 26TH MAY 2011
- Laico Regency Hotel -
1. INTRODUCTION
2. CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS
3. IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE
4. CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL WSP
IMPLEMENTATION
5. WSP IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS
6. CONCLUSIONS
The WSP is a concept for developing a process-orientated
observation of the water supply
The main goal of WSPs is to identify and eliminate all the possible
risks in the water supply system, that is potential risks of water
pollution in the catchment throughout the distribution network to the
consumers taps
 WSPs have been developed to organize and systematize a long
history of management practices applied to drinking water and to
ensure the applicability of these practices to the management of
drinking water quality
Take it for granted that the water they
receive will always be wholesome.
That it will be available when needed.
Must be safe; for lifelong consumption.
Must be palatable (Taste, Odour and Feel);
Must be aesthetically appealing (Clear);
Must be aesthetically appealing (Clear);
Should not contain any chemical or
radiological substances deleterious to health
Should be free of pathogenic organisms;
Be stable as far as possible.
It will be supplied at a reasonable cost.
It will be supplied at the adequate pressure.


The plan in itself has no value
The value in the plan, although simple, is in its appropriate
implementation

It is not about the plan but about the people that implement the
plan

It is about ordinary people achieving extraordinary results due
to the correct attitude, skills and experience
IMPORTANT POINTS TO NOTE (contd)

Access to adequate water supply does not guarantee access
to safe drinking water.

Access to an improved water supply (household connection,
public standing pipes, protected springs or boreholes does not
mean that the consumers have access to a safe water supply.

Knowledge of potential polluters of water systems without
action is fruitless
WQSP
Champion
WQSP
Steering commiteee
Customer Care
Sub-committe
Bulk Distribution
Sub-cComitee
Engineering
Sub-commitee
Scientific services
Sub-commitee
Operations
sub-commitee
Risk Control
Subcommitee
Consumer complaints
Quality manager
Zone/ara 1
Process
Repairs/maintenanc
Operations chemist
Plant/system 1
Operations quality scientist
Plant/system 1
ISO
Quality managers
Help Desk
Operationsmanager
Zone/area
Pipeline
Repairs/maintenance
Research scientist
Chemist
Operations manager
Plant/system 1
WQSP
Site managers
Consumer education
Microbiologist
Maintenance Manager
Plant/system 1
Employee training
Hydro-biologist
The organisation’s commitment to drinking water
quality shall be demonstrated by:
-establishing a drinking water quality policy statement
-establishing water quality objectives
-conducting regular management reviews on water quality issues
N.B-This statement must be reviewed at least annually,
shared with top management and relevant stakeholders
This factor enables the Water Services Providers to accurately construct system flow
diagrams that will enable:
 Accurate hazard analysis from catchment to tap and the level of risk presented
by each identified hazard.
Accurate identification of appropriate measures to control the identified risks to
guarantee the safety of the water supply (compliance to standards, guidelines,
objectives or targets to ensure adequate infrastructure and public health
protection).
Accurate identification of critical control points
Accurate establishment of operational limits and
Accurate identification, establishment and development of monitoring
programmes
Accurate asset life cycle management
Your supply system flow diagram
Determine or identify critical control points along the
supply system
Understanding the potential risks of inadequate source water
protection
Understanding potential risks at production level
Understanding potential risks along the distribution network
Understanding potential risks at the consumer connections
Understanding potential risks at the point of use
5-Understanding and implementing risk control measures
6-Monitoring
the effectiveness of risk control measures
7-Understanding operations management processescompetent operators
8-Identification & Developing appropriate tools and
management plans (for example incident management plans)
cumec
Barrage Flow (m3/s)
VD Inflow (m3/s)
VD Discharge (m3/s)
VD Percentage (%)
80.000
99.50
70.000
99.00
60.000
98.50
50.000
98.00
40.000
97.50 %
30.000
97.00
20.000
96.50
10.000
96.00
0.000
95.50

N
Not to scale
VEREENIGING
3
Klip River
Riviera International Hotel
and Country Club
VANDERBIJLPARK
Suikerbosrant River
4
Dickinson Park
F.W.
De Klerk
Bridge
Riviera Aquatic Club
R26 Freeway Bridge
Rietspruit Weir
Village Manor
Emfuleni
Park
8
Riverside Sun Hotel
Lochvaal Club
Shores of
Lochvaal
Vosloo
Park
Eligwa
Club
1
2
Railway
Bridge
Ascot
Bridge
Lethabo Weir
Recreation
report
5
7
LETHABO INTAKE
Baddrif Bridge
Barrage
6
Abrahamsrust
Pleasure Resort
Clavadel
Caravan Park
Taaibosspruit
Luciana
Country Club
Leeuspruit
Rietspruit
Map redrawn from original
by Catchment Planning
Deanne vd Merwe
SASOLBURG
Sampling point
INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED ON WATER SAMPLES
COLLECTED AT THE RESPECTIVE SAMPLING POINTS (REFER MAP)
Predicted symptoms due to
algal growth
Sampling points
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
6
7
8
Possible skin irritation
Possible skin infection
Possible intestinal disorders #
Floating scums
Odours
Colour
Predicted symptoms due to
bacteria
Sampling points
1
2
3
Possible skin infection
Possible intestinal disorders #
# If ingested
Shaded area = Symptom predicted
4
5
Suitability of the
Water in the
Catchment for
Water contact
& sports
Hein H. Du Preez
Biology Section, Analytical Services, Rand Water
Table 5.4
Risks listed according to Hazard priority rating
Determinant
Risk Level
Source
Drinking
Water
Water
Action Required
Hazard Priority A: Microbiological
E-coli
25%
99%
Thermo tolerant (faecal) coliform bacteria
95%
#DIV/0!
2.92
1.17
Plant improved risk to medium level (not adequate)
Risk reduce but still at same level (Medium risk)
Hazard Priority B: Health
Fluoride as F- (health)
(Nitrate as nitrite) as N (health)
1.58
1.33
Sulfate as SO4= (health)
Aluminium as Al (health)
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
0.00
0.75
Antimony as Sb (health)
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
3.00
0.08
Arsenic as As (health)
Cadmium as Cd (health)
#DIV/0!
3.00
Total Chromium as Cr (health)
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
Cobalt as Co (health)
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
Copper as Cu (health)
-
Cyanide (recoverable) as CN (health)
Lead as Pb (health)
Mercury as Hg (health)
Nickel as Ni (health)
0.00
0.08
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
0.00
0.00
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
Selenium as Se (health)
3.00
0.50
Vanadium as V (health)
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
0.00
2.33
1.50
0.08
Total Trihalomethanes (health)
Hazard Priority C: Aesthetic & Operational
Colour (aesthetic)
Risk added during treatment process
Plant adequate to redress risk in source water
Risk increase but still below SANS class 1
No risk in source water no risk to exceeding SANS
High risk resulted from treatment process
This presents
potential hazards !
Renovation of sample point
Sterilization of sample point
Cleaning of surrounding
Conduct inspections

Algae
Incident Management protocol
Dirty Water Management Protocol
E.Coli Management protocol
Protozoa Management protocol
Disinfection control procedure
Generic protocol for the selection and prioritization of
organic contaminants for monitoring in the drinking
water supply chain
positive
relationship
with external
stakeholders
internal
and
external
customer
awareness
creation
Consumer complaints handling (call centre, dedicated full time staff
compliment, consumer complaints handling procedures)
Employee awareness training (Basic WSP training, induction
courses, dedicated budget for employee training approved by top
management through the national Skills Development Act, Personal
development plans, part of performance management reviews
Communication (customer interaction protocol emphasizing on WSPs
Education support programmes focusing on water quality and water
quantity aspects (Water wise education)
Information
Dissemination
Special Projects
Monitoring & Sampling
Pollution Control &
Site Inspections
CMA’s & Catchment
Forums
Impoundment
management
Study international practice
Adapt best practice for own use
Define outcomes and responsibilities
Ensure that Rand Water remains updated on latest national and international
legislative requirements and customer needs
Criteria for Blue Drop Status
To receive a BLUE DROP - comply with 95% of the weighted criteria
Criterion
Allocated Weight (%)
YEAR
1
YEAR
2
YEAR
3+
1
Water Safety Plan
0
5
10
2
Process Controllers and Supervisors
10
10
10
3
DWQ Monitoring Programmes
20
15
10
4
DWQ Sample Analysis
5
5
5
5
Submission of DWQ Results
10
5
5
6
DWQ Compliance
35
30
30
7
Management of DWQ Failures
20
15
15
8
Publication of DWQ Performance
0
5
5
9
Drinking Water Asset Management
0
10
10
100
100
100
Increased
internal and external confidence in the product (water quality)
Creation of unity in diversity towards water quality assurance
(internal[multi-structures in the organization] and external (national
government (GVT), other GVT departments, Local authorities, catchment
forums, etc)
Improvement in information (right information across the supply chain)
gathering-communication, processing, decision making, financial control (raw
water quality and chemical budgeting)
Improving the profile of the people that take part in the water quality
management business
Personal
development (giving context of one’s job and broadening the
understanding of the total management system
Improves the speed of reaction (turnaround time in problem solving), improved
decision making
Good risk management practices
Excellent knowledge flow through the participants in the supply chain
Reduced uncertainty
Obligation and buy in from all parties from top to bottom (KPAS, KPIs in
performance contracts for all managers)
Understanding the supply system contributes to accurate identification of bottle
necks, accountabilities, opportunities for process and information optimization,
Management processes that become a tool for training and a memory for the
organization
It
has facilitated the development of early warning systems, for
example the detection of microbiological overloads before
disinfection through the application of the hazards analysis critical
control point approach (HACCP). This has allowed the monitoring of
microbiological hazards (algal cells, E.coli, Total coliforms, protozoa)
at critical control points (CCPs) rather than relying mainly on endpoint treatment such as chlorination.
This approach has reduced the chances of risk of infection to
consumers and
Accurate identification of components of a good management
system
The WSP focuses on the whole supply chain, hence if implemented
effectively the benefits will be visible across the whole supply chain
Raw water becomes important for people to understand and change their
behaviour to support source water protection initiatives.
Design/upgrade of infrastructure (booster station/reservoirs) become
important because you understand system needs
WSPs have prompted a clear commitment to the development and
implementation of a set of preventive risk management activities to
support public health protection initiatives.
WSPs provide a platform for continuous improvement, evaluation and
verification processes.

Public Health cannot advance without
safe water”
R.Bertollini, Director, WHO
Regional office for Europe