Transcript Pedagogies of the Science Policy Interface

Pedagogies of the Science Policy Interface: Challenges
in Graduate Education in Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
• Paul H. Kirshen, Director of the Tufts
University Water: Systems, Science, and
Society Graduate Education Program
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Pressures on H20
Population
Growth
Technological
Changes
Environment
Policy
Percolation
Food
Globalization
Precipitation
Security
Supply
H20
Evaporation
Energy
Public Health
Climate Change
Transpiration
Streamflow
Urbanization
Many Calls for Integrated Water Research and Management
• “...in the 21st Century we have to develop an integrated
approach across the disciplines to understand the
complexity of water issues worldwide” - complex global
water issues require an approach that combines
engineering with the natural, physical, and social sciences.
(Colwell)
• that “the progressive intensification of US water scarcity in
the face of competing demands for water will necessitate
proactive and innovative scientific, technological, and
institutional solutions….” The report continues: “What is
needed for understanding water resources is a more holistic
conceptual framework… solutions cross traditional
disciplinary and societal boundaries.” (US NRC)
• “A holistic, systemic approach, relying on integrated water resource
management must replace the fragmentation in managing water”
(World Commission on Water, 2000).
• The World Bank, the World Commission on Dams, and the Global
Water Partnership, European Water Framework Directive also describe
the need for such approaches, which they call integrated water
resources management. Many of the Millennium Development Goals
target water issues (UNESCO, 2003).
• “Management of water issues requires experts from all disciplines who
understand complexity in both natural and human systems, and who
can work together to integrate the multidimensional aspects of water
resources management” (Kirshen et al, 2004).
Challenges in Graduate Education in IWRM
• Universities are traditionally organized by discipline, and
the goal of graduate education, particularly doctoral, is to
become specialized in a single area.
• Tenure and promotion decisions are traditionally based
upon recognized expertise in a narrow discipline, even in
fields where interdisciplinary analysis is indispensable.
• Universities are organized by department with
administrators often focused upon the success of their own
programs and not on larger cross-university initiatives.
• Team teaching is necessary in many cases in
interdisciplinary education courses yet faculty typically
have commitments to other courses and cannot devote
sufficient time to extra teaching.
• Student concerns about gaining depth and time
requirements.
Additional Challenges in Research on IWRM
and Issues
• The ease of working alone.
• Sharing of Indirect Costs.
• Recognizing Contributions of Team Members.
• University Administration by Departments and Schools.
Dr. Rita Coldwell, Former NSF Director
• The goal of this cross-school, Ph.D/MA/MS program is to
educate students with engineering, policy, and health,
biological, physical, and social science backgrounds to be
skilled in one water-related discipline and have the
interdisciplinary perspectives and tools to be able to
respond to complex multidimensional water problems.
• Partnership of six Tufts schools: Arts and Sciences,
Engineering, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy,
Medical School, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and
Policy, and Veterinary Medicine. Each school has one or
more members on the WSSS Steering Committee.
• Students participating in the WSSS program be accepted
by and then fulfill the requirements of a graduate degree
within one of the participating departments.
WSSS PhD/MS/MA Program
• Core Courses - Systems Analysis, The Science and
Technology of Water, Biological Aspects of Water, Health
and Nutrition, Planning and Policy of Water. Most courses
will satisfy some departmental required or elective courses
• WSSS Research Practicum for all entering students
• Integrative Seminar Series
• Internships
• Skill Workshops
• Interdisciplinary thesis or research project
• Designed to not add time on to normal degree
Interdisciplinary Research Agenda
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Water and Climate and Environmental Change
Water and Public Health
Watershed Protection, Management, and Remediation
Water, Food, and Livelihood Security
Water and National and International Security
Meeting Academic Challenges
• WSSS Program reports to Provost
• Faculty Based Graduate Education Council exists to foster
ID research
• Skills in ID research small part of hiring and T&P
decisions
• Indirect costs shared by schools in proportion to direct
costs
We are not alone !
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The “New” Water Planning and Management Degrees: A Panel
Discussion
Kelly Brumbelow1, Hedy V. Alavi2, Ronald Kaiser3, Paul H. Kirshen4,
Christopher Lant5, and Warren Viessman6
1 Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, TX 77843-3136, [email protected], (979) 458-2678
2 Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University
3 Department of Recreation, Park, and Tourism Sciences, Texas A&M
University
4 Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Tufts University
5 Department of Geography, Southern Illinois University
6 Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida
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Others ?
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School of Arts and Sciences
Jonathan Kenny* Characterization of organics
Frank Ackerman Environmental Economics
Astier Almedom Bio-medical Anthropology
Lawrence Bacow Environmental Economics & Policy
Scott Horsley
Water Resources Policy/Planning
Sheldon Krimsky Environmental Policy & Ethics
David O’Leary Comparative Religion & Ethics
Ann Rappaport Environmental Science & Management
Michael Reed
Ecology, Conservation
Albert Robbat
Analytical Instrumentation
Rhonda Ryznar Environmental Planning and GIS
Jay Shimshack
Environmental Economics & Policy
David Walt
Sensors & Pathogen Detection
Jon Witten
Land Use Planning
Thank you.
Questions ?
Comments ?
School of Engineering
Richard Vogel* Hydrology, Water Resources
Paul Kirshen*
Water Resources Systems
Linda Abriola
Groundwater Pollution/Remediation
Steven Chapra
Water Quality, Mathematical Modeling
John Durant
Environmental Fate & Transport
David Gute
Epidemiology & Public Health
David Kaplan
Environmental Microbiology
Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy
William Moomaw* Environmental Policy & Negotiations
Leila Fawaz
Interstate Disputes in the Middle East
Medical School
Jeffrey Griffiths* Water-born Disease
Elena Naumova Public Health, Mathematical Modeling
Veterinary School
Christine Jost* Ecosystem Health Assessment
Saul Tzipori
Waterborne Pathogens
Mark Pokras
Ecology & Disease
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy
Patrick Webb* Household Water Security
Beatrice Rogers* Economics/Food Policy
Peter Walker
Natural Disaster Relief
www.tufts.edu/water