Transcript ISE 195 Lecture 1 - Berkeley Industrial Engineering and

Introduction to Industrial Engineering
Z. Max Shen
Dept. of Industrial Engineering and Operations
Research
University of California
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What is IE?
There you are, standing at the cheese-andcracker tray during a cocktail party, when
someone asks, “What do you do?”
“I’m an industrial engineer,” you reply.
“An industrial engineer?” and a blank smile
is all you get in response.
What next? You need a concise, clever —
or at least interesting description of what an
industrial engineer does. Can youexplain it
in one sentence?
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What is IE?
An industrial engineer is a combination of 50
percent engineer and 50 percent administrator.
An industrial engineer maximizes the utilization of
scarce resources — namely, time and money.
“If a chemical engineer designs a system, it will
be chemically and thermodynamically efficient; if
a mechanical engineer designs a system, it will be
mechanically and energy efficient; and if an
industrial engineer designs a system, it will make
a profit
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What is IE?
Any fool can devise a process that works, but it takes an
industrial engineer to design one that barely works.
Industrial engineers are the duct tape of industry because
they are expected to fix anything for almost nothing.
If you mixed together a computer expert, a production
manager, and a financial guru, threw in a heaping portion
of salesmanship and a dash of investigative reporter,
marinated it in a rich solution of leadership and the ability
to impact change, and topped it off with a desire to learn
and do whatever it takes, you’d have the recipe for an
outstanding industrial engineer.
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History
Early history really did not distinguish between
science and engineering. Advancements involved
application of knowledge.
Engineering schools appeared in France in the
18th century
Principles of early engineering were first taught in
military academies and were concerned primarily
with road and bridge construction and with
fortifications – military engineering
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Modern Disciplines
Civil engineering emerging from military
engineering
Mechanical engineering emerging from
growth of mechanical devices after
steam engine
Electrical engineering after the telegraph
(and other products) appeared
Chemical engineering (lubricants, etc)
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Post WWII Disciplines
Nuclear engineering
Electronic engineering
Aeronautical engineering
Astronautical engineering
Computer engineering
Environmental engineering
Bioengineering
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Before Cal
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Definition
Industrial Engineering is concerned with the design,
improvement, and installation of integrated systems
of people, materials, information, equipment, and
energy.
It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the
mathematical, physical, and social sciences together
with the principles and methods of engineering
analysis and design to specify, predict, and evaluate
the results to be obtained from such system.
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Industrial Engineering
Usually with objectives such as
 increasing profits and/or productivity,
 improving quality, or
 reducing costs.
Alternatively,
IE’s improve organized work.
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Chronology of IE
As industrial organizations emerged to capitalize
on the rapidly developing array of technological
innovations, the size and complexity of
manufacturing units increases dramatically.
IE emerged as a profession as a result of the
industrial revolution and the accompanying need
for technically trained people who could plan,
organize, and direct the operations of large
complex systems.
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Chronology of IE (cont.)
Babbage thought to specialize labor by skill
required (early 1800’s)
Taylor really started IE
 Analyze and improve the work method
 Reduce the times required for the work
 Set standards for the times required
Gilbreth extended work of Taylor to consider the
human aspects of work to include motion involved
in work
Henry Gantt developed his chart to preplan,
schedule, and monitor work activity
Shewhart developed the fundamental principles of
statistical process control
 Disciples became big names in quality
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Design Impacts
IE engineers design systems at two
levels
The first level is called the human
activity level and is concerned with
how work gets accomplished
The second level is called the
management control system level and
addresses the planning, measurement,
and control of organizational activities
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Level One Elements
Processes within the organization
Layout of facilities and machines
Design of the workplace
Storage space and location
Work methods
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Level Two Elements
Planning systems
Forecasting systems
Material and inventory planning and
control
Scheduling activities
Cost control and analysis
Quality control system
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IE and Systems
Industrial engineering really takes a
system-level perspective
The tools and techniques of the IE allow
the IE to examine the system, the
interactions among the components of
the system, all while keeping in mind the
objective or purpose of the system
An IE seeks to optimize systems
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IE Coverage
Simulation
Optimization
Human Factors
Ergonomics
Production Systems
Statistical and stochastic modeling
Design of experiments
Modeling of human decision makers
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IEOR Activities
The actual activities performed by IEOR
personnel will vary by firm
Traditionally, activities were focused on
the operational level of the organization
Recent trends involve the IE getting
involved in the design of the management
systems as well as getting more involved
in systems design
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Where Can Industrial Engineers
Work?
Just about anywhere a process needs to be
designed or improved. Industrial engineers
can work in the obvious places like...
 Manufacturing, such as Microelectronics,
Aerospace or Automotive
 Research and Development
or the not-so-obvious places like...
 Service Industries, such as Banking, Health
Care, Insurance, Transportation, and even
Theme Parks
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In What Capacity Can Industrial
Engineers Work?
On the factory floor or in the executive suite: Many IE
graduates zero in on analyzing their company's technology
and production systems, and very quickly find themselves
catapulted to positions of management responsibility. IE's can
work as...
 Consultants
 Project Managers
 Company Presidents or CEOs.
According to Jobs-Rated Almanac, industrial engineering has
the highest level of career satisfaction among traditional
engineering disciplines.
If you are looking for a technically challenging major, one with
great career satisfaction that also gives excellent opportunities
for management, IE may be for you.
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In Ten Years
We improve organized
work.
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