Transcript Modern Architecture - University of Southern Mississippi

Modern Architecture
Architectural History
ACT 322
Doris Kemp
Topics
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High Modernism
High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier
High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe
Late Modernism
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright
Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe
Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier
High Modernism
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The Bauhaus
Considered the quintessential structure of High
Modernism
 Designed by Walter Gropius in 1926 – 1927
 Located in Dessau, Germany
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High Modernism
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The Bauhaus
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Workshop Wing
Lifted above a setback half-basement zone
 Appears as a pure quadratic volume of glass, suspended
weightlessly in midair
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High Modernism
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism: Early Le
Corbusier
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Le Corbusier
Rivaled in the early- and mid-twentieth century only
by Frank Lloyd Wright
 Believer in High Modernism
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Strong Classical idealism
Designed the Villa Savoye
High Modernism: Early Le
Corbusier
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Villa Savoye
Located outside of Paris
 Considered on of the major icons of 20th century
architecture
 A superb fusion of functionalism and dazzling
formal invention
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High Modernism: Early Le
Corbusier
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism: Early Le
Corbusier
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism: Early Le
Corbusier
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism: Early Mies van
der Rohe
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Mies van der Rohe
Closely rivaled Le Corbusier and Wright as form
givers to 20th century architecture
 Was the leader of the Berlin School in Germany
 Famous quotes
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“I don’t want to be interesting. I want to be good”
 “Less is more”
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High Modernism: Early Mies van
der Rohe
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Barcelona Pavilion
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Mies van der Rohe
Designed as the German
Pavilion for the Barcelona
Exposition in 1929
High Modernism: Early Mies van
der Rohe
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
High Modernism: Early Mies van
der Rohe
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism
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Late modernism was led by leaders of High
Modernism and Frank Lloyd Wright (Early)
Late Modernism arose after the World War II
era
Younger architects were highly influenced by
their elders from the early Modern movements
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
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Frank Lloyd Wright
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Important structures of his later career
Fallingwater House
 Guggenheim Museum
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Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
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The Fallingwater House
Located in Bear Run, PA
 1937
 The most universally loved of Wright’s works
 A stream runs along side and beneath the house
 Huge ferroconcrete terraces reach out into the space
of the gorge
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Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
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The Guggenheim Museum
Located in New York City, NY
 1956 – 1959
 Derives from Wright’s earlier masterpiece, the Larkin
Building
 Interior features a large spiraling ramp that descends
downward
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Art is displayed on the walls of the ramp
 Viewers descend the ramp to view the art
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Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd
Wright
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Mies van der
Rohe
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Mies van der Rohe
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Came to America in 1938
Taught at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago
 Major structure
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The Seagram Building, NY
Late Modernism: Later Mies van der
Rohe
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The Seagram Building
Located in New York City, NY
 1954 – 1958
 Clad in solid bronze and tinted glass
 38 stories
 520 feet high
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Late Modernism: Later Mies van der
Rohe
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Mies van der
Rohe
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier
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Le Corbusier
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Still maintained a ferroconcrete model in his later
works
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Utilized it to create bold sculptural effects in his later
works
Major structure
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Notre-Dame-du-Haut, France
Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier
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Notre-Dame-du-Haut
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Located in Ronchamp,
France
A church that made an
extreme statement as to
Le Corbusier’s style
Sited atop a hillside
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html
References
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Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/
http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html
Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to
Postmodernity
Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture
Modern Architecture
Architectural History
ACT 322
Doris Kemp