Transcript Document

1.

 Cause: Ships sailed from many African ports to Arabia, Persia, and India.

 Effect: By 1500, Africa had been linked to the rest of the world for centuries.

2.

 Cause: The king of Ghana taxed all the gold and salt passing through his kingdom.

 Effect: He grew wealthy and was able to pay for an Army and build an empire.

3.

 Cause: Muslim empires wanted to convert Ghana’s people and control the gold trade.

 Effect: A Muslim Army conquered Kumbi Saleh, weakening Ghana’s power.

4.

 Cause: Mali was located farther south than Ghana.

 Effect: It was better able to control trade on the upper Niger River.

5.

 Cause: The legend of Mali’s wealth spread to Europe.

 Effect: Europeans began to trade with Africa.

6.

 Cause: Moroccan fighting force invaded Songhai with cannon and gunpowder.

 Effect: Moroccan troops quickly defeated the Songhai warriors.

7.

 Cause: Benin was located on main trade routes.

 Effect: It grew prosperous.

Ghana

 West African empire that grew rich from taxing the gold and salt trade

Islam

 Religion with one God - Allah

Mali

 Most powerful West African state

Songhai

 West African empire with several Muslim rulers

Yoruba

 People who lived southwest of Niger River who were farmers and gifted artists