UnixTutorial
Download
Report
Transcript UnixTutorial
TUTORIAL OF
UNIX COMMAND & SHELL SCRIPTS
5027
Professor: Dr. Shu-Ching Chen
TA: Samira Pouyanfar
Spring 2015
OUTLINE
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script
2
OUTLINE
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script
3
HOW TO LOG IN
Download putty from
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/
download.html
4
CONNECT TO THE SERVER
The host is margay.cs.fiu.edu
1
2
3
4
5
LOG IN / ACCOUNT INFORMATION
Account information
Login as : Your FIU username
Password : Your first initial + PantherID + Your last initial
For exmaple, Steven Jackson with PID 1234567
should have password s1234567j
6
LOG IN
IN
MAC SYSTEMS
Use the existing ssh tool in your mac called "Terminal" by following
the steps:
- Search for "Terminal" from spotlight, e.g., located on the upper
right corner of your screen
- Open Terminal
- Connect to the server margay.cs.fiu.edu using following
commands
ssh [email protected]
replace hha001 with your fiu account
- Type your password
- Now, you are connected.
7
LOG IN
IN
MAC SYSTEMS
8
OUTLINE
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script
9
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (1)
ls : list the contents of your current directory.
Format
Options
ls [option] [directory][file]
-a : list all the files include the hidden ones
-l : list not only the files name but also the related info
-t : list the contents by modified date
10
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (2)
File permission
Field1 : A set of ten permission flags
Field2 : link count
Field3 : owner of the file
Field4 : associated group of the file
Field5 : size
Field 6-8 : Last modification date
Field9 : file name
11
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (3)
chmod : change the permission flags of the files
Format
Example
chmod [option] [types][+/-][types of permission] filename
chmod g+w myfile
chmod g-rw myfile
chmod u=rw go= myfile
chmod –R g+rw myfile
12
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (4)
pwd : print out the current working directory
cd : change directory
cd .
cd
cd ..
C
Cd
cd
(.) means the current directory
(..) means the parent of current directory
cd with no argument will return you to your
home directory
13
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (5)
cp : copy files
Format
Options
cp [option] File1 File2
-i : It can be used to avoid overwriting the original file
-r : Copy the folder and all the files and subfolders under it.
mv : move a file from one place to another or
rename a file.
Format mv File1 File2
14
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (6)
mkdir : making directory
Format
mkdir Directory_name
rm : remove files or directories
Format rm [option] file1 file2 file3…
Option
-i : ask before actually delete
-r : delete the folders and all the files and subfolders under it
15
COMMANDS ABOUT FILES (7)
test : A command in Unix that evaluates conditional expressions.
[ expression ]
Format test expression or
The functions will return true if the object exist or the
condition specified is true.
File functions
-d Filename : Filename is a directory
-s Filename : Filename has a size greater than 0
-f Filename : Filename is a regular file
16
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (1)
cat : display the contents of a file on the screen
cat file1
head : display the first ten lines of a file to the screen
Format
Format
head –n file1
tail : display the last ten lines of a file to the screen
Format
tail –n file1
17
18
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (2)
wc : word count
Format
Options
wc [options] file
-w : find out how many words the file has
-l : find out how many lines the file has
19
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (3)
grep : It searches files for the specified words or
patterns.
Format: grep [options] [pattern] file
Options:
-c : Display the number of columns which satisfied the pattern.
-i : Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN
and the input files.
-v : Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.
20
Pipe : It cause the execution of multiple
processes from one single line
A|B|C
21
COMMANDS ABOUT FILE’S CONTENTS (4)
Redirection
> and >> can be used on the output of most
commands to direct their output to a file.
Examples
22
COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (1)
sort : sort lines of a text file or files
Default : sort without any option will sort the file
alphabetically
Format
sort [option] file
uniq : remove duplicate adjacent lines from
sorted file.
23
24
COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (2)
sed: One ultimate stream editor
Detail Tutorial :
http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html
Important function -> Substitution
sed 's/term1/term2/g‘ filename
Format :
25
COMMANDS ABOUT TEXT PROCESSING (3)
cut : extract sections from each line of a file.
Format
Option
cut [options] [range] filename
-c : character
-f : field
-d “:” : delimiter (default is a tab)
Range
N-M
N -M
26
27
OUTLINE
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script
28
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (1)
Scripts are collections of commands that are stored
in a file.
Detail Tutorial http://www.freeos.com/guides/lsst/
Basic Vi commands
vim filename
i : switch to the editing(insert) mode
Esc +:q! Leave the vim program without saving the file
Esc +:w Save the file
Esc +:wq Save the file and leave the vim program
29
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (2)
First shell script
Note that to make a file executable, you must set
the eXecutable bit, and for a shell script, the
Readable bit must also be set.
30
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (3)
Variable
31
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (4)
IF LOOP
32
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (5)
For Loop
33
SHELL SCRIPT INTRO (6)
Useful concept
$( commands)
34