求學，求職信與履歷 之寫作

Study and Job applications, Curriculum Vitae (CV)

以下摘錄自：

科技英語，論文報告寫作

(唐國全 何小玲 趙穎 李志君) 北京航空航天大學出版社 (2004)

求學 在申請留學的過程中，首先要了解一些學校的情況。用 Internet 查詢是最迅速、簡單的方法， 但有的學校網站提供的信息並不全面，還得寫信詢問，索取有關資料 .

索取資料的信 這是第一封同學聯繫的信，總體要求是清楚、簡單、有禮貌。不管是寫 email 還是郵政信函， 都應注意以下幾點： 如果不知道收信人的性別，可寫全名，如 Dear Crisp Smith ；如果不知道收信人的姓名，可寫 Dear Sir or Madame 。 簡單介紹自己 列出想要的資料。 致謝。 不必寫 ” I am extremely sorry to bother you” or ”I hope my request is not too much troublesome for you” 等表示歉意的話。 例 1 （信頭略）

稱呼

Dear Sir or Madam:

自我介紹，直述目的

I am a junior psychology major at Zhonghua University in Beijing, and now I am in the process of gathering information about graduate programs in clinical psychology.

羅列想要的信息

Would you please send me the following materials?

1. Specific information concerning your clinical psychology program (e.g., faculty, special opportunities, and requirements for admission); 2. An application form for admission into your clinical psychology programs; 3. Information concerning assistantships, fellowships, and other forms of financial aid; 4. Information about the availability and cost of graduate student housing; 5. A graduate catalogue from your institution.

致謝

I would much appreciate it if you could send me this information as soon as possible. Thank you in advance for your kindness.

結束語（空 n 行）

Yours sincerely,

簽名

（ signature ）

相關表達方法：

1.

2.

I would appreciate your sending me… Your sending me…will be much appreciated.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Your prompt reply will be very much appreciated.

I wonder if you could send me… I hope that you could send me… I would much appreciate it if you could…

學習目的

學校通常都會要求申請人寫一份”學習目的”（

statement of purpose

或

statement of academic goals

），以便對申請人進行評估，所以一定要重視。 一般寫一至二頁即可，通常應說明：

• • • •

對所申請專業的濃厚興趣。如大學本科時參加的項目、工作或研究等激發了對 本專業的熱愛。 對所申請的學校、該校某一項目、某些教師的研究領域或特殊設備感興趣。 寫過或已發表的文章、學士學位的論文；參加過的相關研究、工作和實習等。 自己的希望、學習計畫、決心在該領域做出貢獻。

Statement of Purpose

熱愛計算機專業的歷史和原因 Computers have been my preferred domain ever since my first year in high school. The extraordinary developments in this field, both in the hardware and, especially, in the software area, have further stimulated my interest and have encouraged me to choose Computer Science as the main field of my university study. After my successful graduation, I decided to further extend my knowledge and continue my studies. Therefore, I wish to pursue a Ph. D. degree at your university, its high level of educational programs and research projects.

打算繼續學習的領域 I intend to focus on one of the areas of Parallel Systems, Computer Networks or Operating Systems, which, I think, are best suited for my skills. Therefore, I am going to define, under the guidance of an advisor, A coherent but, still, flexible study program, which could be later adapted to future possible needs. My first objective is to attain the up-to-date level of knowledge required and then to consecrate myself to a research project.

專業能加和實際工作經驗 My background in Computer Science is, I am sure, adequate for a post-graduate study and research program. Beyond my required student research work, I had benefited throughout my undergraduate study from additional training, which moved my

frontier of knowledge

（知識範圍） and experience beyond the breadth and depth usually attained in an undergraduate study program. I have important networks knowledge, gained during the three years’ work as a System Administrator on Novell and UNIX systems. I also have research experience in the distributed systems domain, as I worked for an experimental distributed message delivery system with fault tolerance for critical,

encrypted

（加密） , mail transmission. In the parallel systems domain, I can mention my graduation thesis: “Software Developing System for the OCCAM Language”, for which I designed a compiler and a runtime engine for the INMOS Transputer’s parallel language, OCCAM.

選擇該校的理由 I am convinced that my Ph. D. study program must be discussed, validated and pursued within a highly qualified and competitive environment as that offered at the Computer Science Department at your university.

JIANG Lin (signature)

相關表達方法：

關於學習興趣

1. While preparing for these Olympiads I gained not only much new knowledge and experience but also confidence that devoting myself to physics was the right decision. 2. During the last two years I have spent most of my time carrying out research and attending 3.

4.

5.

6.

extra curricular lectures and seminars in optical physics. My favorite lectures were… When I was taking special laboratory courses on advanced optics, I was struck by… I found modeling of cellular development to be of the greatest interest to me… I especially enjoyed working on… Now my interests in science lie in the area…

繼續學習的願望

1. To my mind it is of key importance to have possibilities to obtain excellent education and to conduct certain research projects independently. That is why I consider doctoral studies at XXX University as the next professional stepping stone in my career.

2. Further, earning a Ph. D. in history would advance my other goals by adding to my 3.

creative and analytical skills in history as well as in working with language.

After graduation I wish to enter XX University to pursue further studies in… 4. Successful research requires modern equipment and facilities, which in the current financial situation, laboratories in China cannot afford. These have forced me to look for other opportunities to continue my education. Department of Biophysics at XXX University has excellent facilities and leading laboratories in which I can further develop my scientific interests.

學習的專業課程

1.

By the end of the year I successfully

defended

（答辨） a bachelor of science

honors thesis

（優等論文） on the topic.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

I would like to explain my educational experience up to this point.

My extensive knowledge of physics and mathematical modeling proved to be very useful in understanding the principles that underlie biological phenomena in cells.

Besides studying general and theoretical physics at the University of XXX, I started to attend advanced lectures in my major at the Institute of Solid State Physics in… I carried out my first research project in biophysics at…Institute in the

biokinetics

（生 物動力學） research group under the guidance of Prof. X.

to have several papers published in reputable journals

參加過的項目、工作

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

These activities give me valuable experience as well as satisfaction of hard work.

Along with my studies and research work I also held a part-time position as a Physics teacher at XXX, which is an extracurricular high school. I enjoyed this job greatly and I believe that this experience will significantly help me both in my TA assignments and in my future academic career.

The laboratory I work in primarily deals with… In this lab I have gained experience of working with the equipment for… Currently I am working on a second research project…/ on the part of this research project that deals with… All these significantly improved my understanding of the subject and further enhanced my interest in it.

結束

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

In conclusion I must say that I would regard my admission to XXX University not only as a great honor and success but also as an obligation for hard work.

I am sure that my curiosity and research skills will enable me to succeed in the greatly claiming program to become an experimentalist. Eventually, I deeply believe that the excellence of your program, along with my capabilities and motivation, will help me to attain my destination.

I would regard my admission to XXX University not only as a great honor but also as a great responsibility and an obligation to work hard.

In summary, my interest lies in the field of nonlinear dynamics and its applications, namely

nonequilibrium

（非平衡） physics, complex systems, self-organization, dynamics of neural networks. Research in this areas is very active at your university, therefore I want to continue my education at XXX University.

Taking all the circumstances into consideration, I came to the conclusion that the best opportunity to pursue my chosen path would be to continue my education as a graduate student at your university. The facilities, scholarship, and traditions of your university, combined with

the caliber of the student’s body

（學生的整體素質） , make me confident that I will be stimulated throughout the course of my studies.

Summarizing all written above, I believe that my serious intention for study, my past lab work, strong academic background in various areas of physics and mathematics will be beneficial for my graduate studies and research. Attending your university would give me an opportunity to receive high-level education under the guidance of prominent scientists and excellent professors, with the help of first-class equipment.

推薦信 推薦信即支持申請人的書面申請，目的是提供足夠的證據和信息，以便錄取委員會 對申請人留下良好印象。 幾乎所有的學校都要求提供推薦信。推薦信最好是由熟悉自己的教授或其他人來寫， 可以提到你的性格、造詣、獨特的經歷以及適合所申請專業的原因。如果推薦 信中僅僅寫”

good student” ”hard worker”

等空洞的話語，而不用具體的例子來 支撐，對被推薦人就不利。在西方人心目中，成績單上的高分並不能說明很多 問題，但申請人的具體行為、怎樣取得高分和成就往往使一個人從眾多申請者 中脫穎而出。寫得好的推薦信能彌補其他申請材料的不足，所以千萬別低估其 重要作用。 有的學校規定被推薦人不能閱讀推薦信，這點應嚴格遵守，並向推薦人講明，請他 直接將推薦信寄出。當然千萬不要忘了向推薦人致謝，如果必要，應主動提出 付郵資等費用。

Example:

Dear Sir / Madam, 說明推薦的背景，表明推薦人的認真態度 Tom Lubbers requested me to write him a letter of recommendation. Every year, I am approached by several dozen students who request a recommendation letter. However, I end up recommending only a few of them. I believe that a letter of recommendation is very serious business. I write on, only when I am convinced that the candidate is right for the program that she / he is applying for.

被推薦人的學業狀況 As an

adjunct professor

（副教授） of American history at the University of Wickfield, I have come across many students with a sharp understanding and knowledge of American history. However, it is the rare student who is able to develop a multi-dimensional perspective on the course of history. Tom Lubbers is such a rare student. I must say that it has always been a pleasure to see students develop a conceptual understanding of a fact-based subject like history.

用具體的例子說明被推薦人的學術成就 This letter of recommendation would be incomplete if I did not mention Tom Lubbers’ treatise “The future of American history”. It was published in

History Review

and was well received by the academic and literary community. Tom Lubbers demonstrated once again that he could take several apparently disconnected pieces of information and derive meaning from them ..... － enough meaning to actually make forward looking statements.

表明全力推薦的態度 It is my conviction that this ability of Tom Lubbers will make him an invaluable asset to your business program. I would like to strongly recommend him for admission to your university. Feel free to be in touch with me.

Yours sincerely, (signature)

Job applications

求職信

求職信是尋找職業時最常用的信件，通常還要附上履歷（

resume/CV

）。其目的是 努力說服未來的可能雇主：你有能力，是某一職務可信賴的接替者。 寫作建議 在動筆寫作以前最好全面研究該公司的情況。由於是首次同你希望的未來雇主打交 道，所以信應該寫得有專業水平、沒有錯誤、而且格式正確，要盡量爭取給雇 主留下良好印象。具體地說，應寫明以下幾點：

1.

申請的工作、招聘職務編號（如果有），以及在何處得到招聘消息。如： I would like to apply for the position of…(job title, reference number) advertised in…(the name of the newspaper or magazine) on Thursday September 10.

2.

介紹自己同所申請工作相關的資格及閱歷。如： I have a Mater degree in Resource Management from the School of Environmental Science, Yale University, specializing in water quality.

3.

說明能對該公司所做的貢獻，可以將學業成績、工作經驗同申請的工作結合起 來，特別說明自己的相關技術和能力。

4.

請求面試，表明願意進一步提供有關自己的情況。寫明聯繫方式，如

telephone number, fax number

及

email address

等。

5.

在簽名後寫明 ”

Encl. my resume”

，並附上自己的簡歷。

注意事項 千萬不要表現出中國式的謙虛！應該表現出自信、熱情、積極向上的精神，但也不要 自以為是。在英語論文中一般都應避免

I…, I…

，因為這有自傲之嫌。但在申請信中 敘述自己的成就時完全可說：

I have developed…

，

I have initiated…

，

I have managed…

。 使用清晰、明快的語言，避免用長句和太正式的詞。 範例（信頭略）

Dear Ms. Karen Gore,

說明目的及消息來源

I am applying for the position of system analyst, which was advertised in

China Daily

on July 15th. The position seems to fit very well with my education, experience, and career interests.

簡述自己的專業、相關工作經驗

Your position requires experience in computer systems, financial applications software, and end-user consulting. As a major in management information systems, I have training in mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers as well as a variety of software programs and applications. My practical experience in my university’s computer center as a programmer and as a student consultant for system users gave me valuable exposure to complex computer operations. Additionally, I worked as a cooperative education student in computing operations for a large bank where I gained knowledge of financial systems. My enclosed resume provides more details on my qualifications.

自信能勝任這工作，並希望面試

My background and career goals seem to match your job requirements well. I am confident that in a joint venture like yours, my English proficiency will enable me to communicate with speakers of English well. Furthermore, I am genuinely interested in the position and in working for your firm, which has an excellent reputation and comes highly recommended to me. Would you please consider my request for a personal interview to discuss further my qualifications and to learn more about this opportunity? Should you need to reach me, please feel free to call me at 66666666. If I am not in, please leave a message on my answering machine and I will return your call as soon as possible.

致謝

Thank you for your consideration.

結束語

Sincerely yours, (signature)

簽名

WANG so-and-so Encl. WANG’s resume

相關表達方法：

1. From your advertisement in today’s

China Daily

, I learned that… 2. I would like to seek the challenging post advertised in

Beijing Review

that… 3. I hope that I can be considered a candidate for the vacant position in your corporation.

4. I am interested in seeking the job that… 5. I have/possess ample qualifications for the work… 6. I meet all the qualifications you prescribed in the advertisement… 7. Besides my education, I have gained/accumulated rich experience to carry out the work.

8. My professional training and ripe experience can ensure my success in the new work.

9. If I am given such an opportunity, I will certainly… 10. I would appreciate your kindness if you grant me an interview at your convenience.

11. I have a CET-6 certificate.

履歷

(C.V.)

履歷是一種推銷自己的方式，即讓審讀人在很短時間內對你感興趣，了解你的能力，明白你能幹什麼在常叫做 resume ，在英國常叫做 歷審讀人的注意力。 curriculum vitae ，簡稱 CV ，有時也叫作 data sheet 。它是對個人的重要經歷、業績、 能力或性格的簡要介紹，在求學、求職中起重要作用。據說多數雇主只看幾秒鐘的履歷就做出錄用或不錄用 的決定，隨後的面試僅僅是為了驗證最初的判斷，所以應盡可能將自己的強項列在面，以便一開始就抓住履 基本要求 總體來說應遵循以下原則： 1.

選用同求學、求職最相關的材料、切忌羅列全部經歷。 2.

3.

描述應簡潔、得體。列出具體的業績和成果，不要用空洞、主觀性太強的詞彙。 格式清楚、顯目、各項內容之間要留一定的空白。 寫作建議 由於履歷所述的主體是特定的、惟一的” I” ，所以幾乎所有的句子都可省掉主語 I ，很多都是短語，而且很少用從 句。以下是可能出現的成分，但並非在每個履歷表中都不可或缺。 1.

將姓名、 permanent address （永久地址）、電話號碼、 email address 等寫在第一頁的最上端，這是現在通 行的格式。 2.

3.

Objective （追求的職務），也叫 Qualifications 。首先介紹 position wanted 。在美國，雇主喜歡求職者開門見山地寫明追求的目標。 work experience / employment （工作經驗），包括 position （職務）、參加過的 key projects （重大項目）等；如果沒有、就強調 education （學歷），包括 （獎學金）；如果學歷較淺，則強調自己所學的相閞課程、做過的 honors part-time jobs （優等成績）、 （兼職工作）和 awards social 4.

5.

6.

activities （社會兼職活動）。如果以上這些都顯得平淡，就介紹自己的 personality ，如 interests 、 strong will 、 hard working 、 team spirit （合作精神）等。當然，這一部分也可寫在求職信中，不在履歷中單設一項。 Special skills / publications / patents / rewards （特殊技能、著作、專利或獲獎情況）。 Personal data （個人情況）。寫上自己的性別、出生日期。如果必要，還應寫上自己的身體狀況、如身高、 體重等，以及家庭成員、國籍等。 References （證明人）。一般說來，學術方面的證明人應是教授，業務及工作表現的證明人應是工作單位 的上司，人際關係可以是同事、同學。是否寫證明人應視具體情況，如果證明人很有身份，肯定會說對自己 有利的話，就可先寫上。否則就聲明： Reference will be supplied on request ，等要求時再補充。

注意事項 準備履歷時應注意幾下幾點： 1. 履歷審閱者一般不會逐字逐句看完，所以學歷、工作經歷等最好按逆時序方式 排列。 2. 如前所述，履歷的第一印象至關重要，所以頁面設計要美觀、大方，結構簡單、 清楚，易於閱讀。具體地說：段首可不縮行，段落之間要有一行的空白。各大 段之間要有足夠的空白，空白絕不意味著什麼也沒有，它是用特殊方式突出空 白鄰近的內容。一般說來每段不超過6行。少用斜體、大寫字母、粗體、下底線。 格式要有統一性、連續性。例如，如果日期寫在一個 工作的後面，其他 日期也必須寫在工作後面；如果一個學位用了黑體，其他學位也必須用黑體。 3. 必須絕對無事實錯誤、語法錯誤、句法錯誤、標點符號錯誤、拼寫錯誤、版式 錯誤。 4. 最後檢查所有的基本事實、希望寫進去的信息無遺漏。如：姓名、通訊地址、 電話是否在第一頁的上端，是否容易辨識。 時序型履歷

這種履歷以時間倒序排列，即把最近的排在前面，最早的放在後面。這種履歷非常 傳統，強調的重點是 work experience ，適合在傳統領域長期做同樣類型的技 術工作，且準備繼續從事這種工作的人，如律師、學術界人士。建議用這種格 式時最好有 objective 或 summary 之類的內容，以利讀者抓住重點。這種履歷 的優點是能突出工作過的有名的單位；缺點是佳績不突出，且對想改變專業的 人不利。

Jack Smith 45 Garden Lane

Cambridge, MA 02138 Tel: (315) 555-0392 Cell: (315) 856-4322 [email protected]

SUMMARY OF QUALIFICATIONS

1. Experience includes diverse managerial skills in distribution, planning and organizing.

2. Restructured two alternate delivery companies to obtain quality distribution.

3. Experience in establishing sales and circulation goals and motivating staff to attain goals.

4. Heavy focus on customer service of subscribers, advertisers and inter-company clients.

5. Highly competent with Windows, MS Office, DOS, Excel, Lotus 123, Map Info, Microsoft FrontPage, Word, WordPerfect.

EXPERIENCE

• • • • • Consultant / General Manger, XXX Corp., Cambridge, 1/2002-present Created and implemented actions that restored quality and profitability to division.

Oversaw distribution and packaging of more than 200,000 products.

Coordinated expansion of business into new territory.

Developed and maintained expense and revenue budgets.

Recruited, trained, and supervised 65 full- and part-time employees.

• • • • • Alternate Delivery Manager, Free Press, Cambridge, 6/1996-12/1999 Oversaw contracts with Alternate Postal Delivery and 200+ delivery agents.

Assisted clients in maximizing their advertising dollar.

Created and implemented action plans for delivery program’s success.

Recruited and trained 20 employees.

Oversaw distribution of various products to 450,000 households.

Circulation Zone Manager, Free Press, Any Town, 2/1996-6/1996 • Supervised independent carriers and employees to obtain quality delivery to 32,000 households.

• Promoted sales.

• Ensured circulation goals had been met.

• Provided statistics for future circulation growth.

Alternate Delivery Area Manager, Free Press, Cambridge, 3/1995-2/1996 • Created new route structure for delivery of products using mapping software.

• Interviewed and contracted distribution agents.

• Trained new area managers.

• Assured proper delivery of products in established areas.

Substation Supervisor, Free Press, • Communicated between the Free Press and its delivery agents.

• Promoted sales.

New York, 7/1994-3/1995 • Maintained acceptable service ratios.

• Collected all money due to the company from its delivery agents.

District Operations Counselor,

XXX Magazine

, New York, 5/1990-6/1994 • Maintained home-delivery and single-copy accounts.

• Promoted sales and established routes in new growth areas.

• Recruited, oriented, and motivated carriers.

• Conducted audits for 12 district offices.

EDUCATION

Bachelor of Business Administration, Harvard University, Cambridge, Spring, 1986.

Major: Marketing Associate of Science in Business Administration, Community College. Cambridge. Spring 1983, Major: Business Administration

TRAINING

• Interview and Hire the Best, XXX Management Association, Cambridge, 10/2002.

• Appraising Employee Performance, XXX Management Association, Cambridge, 5/2002.

• Operating in a Non-Union Environment, Human Resources Society, Cambridge 7/1999.

• Advanced Project Management, Project Management Institute, Cambridge, 5/1998.

• Managing Change, Change Management Learning Center, New York, 9/1993.

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS

• Association of Management • United Worker’s Society

PERSONAL DATA

• Sex: Male • Birthday: August 8, 1968 • Nationality: British

REFERENCE

Available upon request.

ADDITIONAL EXPERIENCE Radcliffe Publications

,

Webmaster

（網站管理員）， Los Angeles, California Edited and managed webpages of two departments. Maintained and updated existing website development projects and proposals. Designed graphics for print media. Researched and learned new Internet and digital design technologies. Used HTML 3.0 and a wide range of graphic design software. January 1997 –May 1997.

Honnold Library

,

Library Assistant

, Claremont Colleges, California Assisted at reference desk. Greeted visitors and answered telephones. Cataloged book requests onto database. Shelved books. September 1996-May 1997.

VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE Project Sister

, Crisis Counselor

Pomona Library Literacy Program

, Reading Tutor

SKILLS Computer

: Microsoft Word, Java, Excel, Powerpoint, Photoshop and Quark Express

Language

: Fluent in Spanish

相關表達方法：

to come off with honors （以優異成績完成 / 通過 / 畢業） to be rewarded by the XX Prize to earn/receive/win award/a prize cup to develop/write (the) software to compile/create a database to do/make/conduct/carry out researches on…