Transcript The Great Depression (1928-1932)

The Great Depression
(1928-1932)
Ch. 21 Review
U.S. 11
Mr. Dzicek
Terms & People to Know
 Herbert Hoover (R.)- U.S. president during
the beginning of the Depression.
 Speculation- “Gambling” with money one
didn’t have in anticipation that the stock
would rise.
 Black Tuesday- Oct. 29, 1929. People
pulling their money out of the market.
Terms & People to Know
 Business Cycle- shows the periodic growth and
contraction of the economy.
 Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)- raised prices on
foreign imports. European markets retaliated, thus
crippling the international economy.
 Hooverville- makeshift shantytowns of tents and
shacks built on public land (homeless and
unemployed)
Terms & People to Know
 Tenant Farmers- Farmers who sold their
farms but remained on the land to work for
bigger landowners.
 Dust Bowl- Dust storms hitting the
southern Great Plains (Texas, Oklahoma,
Kansas, New Mexico, Colorado). Many
people fled to California.
Terms & People to Know
 Okies- Dust Bowl refugees that fled for
California in search of jobs.
 Repatriation- efforts by local, state and
federal governments to encourage or coerce
Mexican immigrants and their naturalized
children to return to Mexico.
 Localism- Policy whereby problems would
be best solved at local and state levels.
Terms & People to Know
 Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)Created in 1932, gave more than a billion
dollars of gov’t loans to railroads and large
businesses. Also lent money to bankers.
 Trickle-Down Economics- theory that
money poured into the top of the economic
pyramid would trickle down to the bottom.
Terms & People to Know
 Bonus Army- WWI veterans seeking
bonuses early. (From Adjusted
Compensation Act of 1924). Give bonuses
in 1945. Rallied at Washington D.C.
Hoover would not sign bill to give benefits
early. Turned the army on the vets.
Terms & People to Know
 General Douglas MacArthur- was ordered
by President Hoover to lead the army into
Wash. D.C. to remove the Bonus Army (tear
gas, bayonets) (Patton and Eisenhower also
involved)
Questions to Consider
 What were the major causes of the Great
Depression?
 How did the prosperity of the 1920s give way to
the Great Depression?
 How did Herbert Hoover’s policies fail to solve
the country’s economic crisis?
 What impact did the Dust Bowl have on MexicanAmerican immigrants?
 What demands did the Bonus Army make?
Questions to Consider
 What did MacArthur think about the Bonus
Army?
 What economic practice of the 1920s contributed
to the weakening of the European economies?
 Who was to blame for the Depression? Private
businesses or the government?
 Why do you suppose there was a decline in the
marriage, birth and divorce rates?
The BIG Question
 How did the Great Depression happen, and
how did Americans respond to it?