Transcript Unit 1: Chemical Building Blocks Chapter 1: Introduction

Unit 2: Chemical Interactions
Chapter 5: Atoms & Bonding
Big Idea: Atoms of different elements
combine to form compounds by
gaining, losing, or sharing electrons
4 Sections
1.
2.
3.
4.
Atoms, Bonding, & the Periodic Table
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Bonding in Metals
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
2
Sec 1: Atoms, Bonding, & the
Periodic Table
KEY CONCEPTS
• The number of valence electrons in an atom of an
element determines many properties of that
element, including the ways in which the atom
can bond with other atoms
• The periodic table reveals the underlying atomic
structure of atoms, including the arrangement of
the electrons
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
3
Sec 1: Key Terms
• Valence electron
• Electron dot diagram
• Chemical bond
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
4
Sec 2: Scientific Inquiry
KEY CONCEPTS
• Ionic bonds form as a result of the
attraction between positive & negative ions
• When ionic compounds form, the charges
on the ions balance out
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
5
Sec 2: Ionic Bonds (cont’d)
• For an ionic compound, the name of the
positive ion comes first, followed by the
name of the negative ion
• In general, ionic compounds are hard,
brittle crystals that have high melting
points & conduct electricity when
dissolved in water
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
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Sec 2: Key Terms
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Ion
Polyatomic ion
Ionic bond
Ionic compound
Chemical formula
Subscript
Crystal
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Sec 3: Covalent Bonds
KEY CONCEPTS
• The force that holds atoms together in a covalent
bond is the attraction of each atom’s nucleus for
the shared pair of electrons
• Molecular compounds have low melting &
boiling points & do not conduct electric current
• Unequal sharing of electrons causes bonded
atoms to have slight electrical charges
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
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Sec 3: Key Terms
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Covalent bond
Molecule
Double bond
Triple bond
Molecular compound
Polar bond
Nonpolar bond
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
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Sec 4: Bonding in Metals
KEY CONCEPTS
• Alloys are generally stronger & less
reactive than the pure metals from which
they are made
• Metal atoms combine in regular patterns in
which the valence electrons are free to
move from atom to atom
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
10
Sec 4: Bonding in Metals
(cont’d)
• The “sea of electrons” model of metallic
bonding helps explain the malleability,
ductility, luster, high electrical
conductivity, & high thermal conductivity
of metals
Mrs. Lee - Ch 5
11
Sec 4: Key Terms
• Alloy
• Metallic bond
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