Transcript Slide 1

19th Century Art
for Mrs. Fasano’s
World History Classes
Neo-classicism
A French art style and movement that originated as a reaction to the Baroque in the mideighteenth century, and continued into the middle of the nineteenth century. It sought to
revive the ideals of ancient Greek and Roman art. Neoclassic artists used classical forms
to express their ideas about courage, sacrifice, and love of country.
www.artlex.com
Jacques-Louis David, The Death of Marat, Oil on Canvas, 1793
Jacques-Louis David (French, 1748-1825), The Death of
Socrates, 1787, oil on canvas, 51 x 77 1/4 inches (129.5 x
196.2 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY.
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres 1808.
Gustave Moreau 1864
Romanticism
An art movement and style that flourished in the early nineteenth century. It emphasized the
emotions painted in a bold, dramatic manner. Romantic artists rejected the cool reasoning of
classicism — the established art of the times — to paint pictures of nature in its untamed state, or
other exotic settings filled with dramatic action, often with an emphasis on the past. Classicism was
nostalgic too, but Romantics were more emotional, usually melancholic, even melodramatically
tragic.
Paintings by members of the French Romantic school include those by Théodore Géricault (French,
1791-1824) and Eugène Delacroix (French, 1798-1863), filled with rich color, energetic brushwork,
and dramatic and emotive subject matter. In England the Romantic tradition began with Henry
Fuseli (Swiss-English, 1741-1825) and William Blake (1757-1827), and culminated with Joseph M.
W. Turner (1775-1851) and John Constable (1776-1837). The German landscape painter Caspar
David Friedrich (1774-1840) produced images of solitary figures placed in lonely settings amidst
ruins, cemetaries, frozen, watery, or rocky wastes. And in Spain, Francisco Goya (1746-1828)
depicted the horrors of war along with aristocratic portraits. www.artlex.com
Eugene Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People 1830
Francisco Goya: The Third of May, 1808
The Fighting "Temeraire" tugged to her last berth to be broken up
1838;
Pre-raphaelites
A group of English artists which formed an association in 1848 to recapture
the beauty and simplicity of the medieval world. Their painting style and art
movement reacted to the sterility of English art, along with the materialism
resulting from England's industrialization. They identified Raphael (Italian,
1483-1520) with the scientific interests of Renaissance art, which they felt
had led to modern technological development. They aimed to study nature,
to sympathize with what is direct, serious and heartfelt in earlier art, and to
infuse their works with literary symbolism, bright colors, and attention to
detail.
Edward Burne-Jones - The Garden of the Hesperides
William Holman Hunt The Awakening
Conscience
1853
John Everett Millais – Ophelia (c) 1851
The Lady of Shalott, JW Waterhouse 1888 – based of the poem by Tennyson
I am half sick of shadows, said
the Lady of Shalott
JW Waterhouse
1916
Realism
Realism (with an upper case "R"), also known as the Realist school,
denotes a mid-nineteenth century art movement and style in which artists
discarded the formulas of Neoclassicism and the theatrical drama of
Romanticism to paint familiar scenes and events as they actually looked.
Typically it involved some sort of sociopolitical or moral message, in the
depiction of ugly or commonplace subjects.
Realism sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and
situations with truth and accuracy, and not avoiding unpleasant or sordid
aspects of life. Realist works depicted people of all classes in situations
that arise in ordinary life, and often reflected the changes wrought by the
Industrial and Commercial Revolutions.
Gustave Courbet , The Desperate Man – Self Portrait, 1844-45
Gustave Caillebotte, Planing the Floor 1875
Third Class Carriage 1863-65 Honore Daumier
Jean-François Millet – Gleaners, 1857
Impressionism
An art movement and style of painting that started in France during the 1860s.
Impressionist artists tried to paint candid glimpses of their subjects showing the
effects of sunlight on things at different times of day. The leaders of this
movement were: Claude Monet, Pierre Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred
Sisley, Berthe Morisot, and Frederic Bazille
Mary Cassatt, Edgar Degas, Edouard Manet, Paul Cezanne,
Claude Monet
A Woman Ironing Edgar Degas