Transcript Document

Establishing conceptual clarity for
Innovation for Inclusive
Development
Nonhlanhla
Mkhize
IID Policy Seminar
25 March 2015
Overview of Presentation
• Policy context
• Trends
• Concepts
• Conclusion
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Thriving for inclusive
development…
2008 Ten Year
Innovation Plan
2000: MDGs
1996:
Constitution
(Bill of Rights)
Pre-1994:
Exclusive NSI
1996 White
Paper on S&T
1994:
Reconstruction
and
Development*
(social
innovation
reference)
2002 National R&D
Strategy
- Poverty Reduction
Mission
2008: War on
Poverty
2009: New Growth
Path
2012 National
Development Plan
2012: Ministerial
Review of the NSI
2014 STI Strategy
for Africa
2014 SDGs
2003 Black
Economic
Empowerment Act
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STI in development
• Impacts – wealth creation and quality of life
• Priorities - ‘meeting basic needs at community level’, ‘reducing
the total costs of infrastructure provision’ and ‘environmental
sustainability’
• ‘urban and rural communities need to be assisted and
encouraged to adopt social and technological innovations to
assist them in decision-making and to enhance their ability to
make informed choices’
• Strong focus on the social dynamics of innovation
• Inclusion of a Poverty Reduction mission - ‘demonstration and
diffusion of technologies to impact quality of life and enhanced
service delivery’
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Ministerial review findings..
• role of social innovation in the NSI is underconceptualised and under-developed
- Innovation for development: pre-eminent priorities
from poverty and unemployment
• state’s investment on innovation has been biased
towards “big science”
• Supply-side thinking prevalent
poor responses
to market and social demand
• Inadequate institutionalization of science,
technology and innovation measurement capacity
• Social innovation strategy
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Innovation that contributes
to….
• access to basic services
• reduces drudgery
• indigenous knowledge based
solutions
• economic inclusion
 unlock new opportunities
 enhance existing opportunities
• Skills: new and existing
 informal economy considerations
• Knowledge generation
• New technologies
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Innovation and
inclusive development
Innovation
• New or modified
 products
 services
 processes
Inclusive development
• Development process inclusive of all
(ito participation)
• Development benefits enjoyed by all
(access + quality)
• Development that reduces
exclusion, poverty and inequality
SA context
Gini coefficient
poverty,
unemployment
informality in
economy
youth factor
• different types of
exclusion
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Why IID?
• innovation in support of
inclusion of marginalized
or excluded groups and
the utilization of their
capacity and capabilities
 participants in process
beneficiaries
creators and co-creators
• resource based to
knowledge based
economy
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Trends in innovation for inclusive
development?
Presentation
• Africa; *Asia; *Latin
America; OECD
• Research eg. Globelics,
UNIID-SEA, IDRC,WB,
etc.
• Poor and informal
economy as coinnovators
• Impact assessment*
• Enabling IID environment
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Concepts…
• Inclusion a global priority
 access and quality eg. basic
services and STI activities
 engagement (demand vs.
supply driven
 economic participation
 recognition of capacity
• Informal economy
• Innovation requires
appropriate capacities
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Social innovation
Frugal innovation
Pro-poor innovation
Inclusive innovation
for inclusive development
Inclusive innovation
Grassroots innovation
Base/bottom of the pyramid
innovation
Participatory innovation
development
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Ghandian innovation
Examples of social innovation
definitions
• No universally agreed definition
- Social innovations are new strategies, concepts, ideas and
organizations that meet social needs of all kinds — from working
conditions and education to community development and health —
that extend and strengthen civil society.
- A novel solution to a social problem that is more effective, efficient,
sustainable, or just than present solutions and for which the value
created accrues primarily to society as a whole rather than private
individuals
-
Examples of social innovations include micro-finance; distance
learning; etc.
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Examples of inclusive innovation
definitions
• No uniform definition
- Any innovation that leads to affordable access of quality goods and
services creating livelihood opportunities for the excluded
population, primarily at the base of the pyramid, and on a long term
sustainable basis with a significant outreach;
- Knowledge creation, acquisition, absorption and distribution efforts
targeted directly at meeting the needs of the low-income;
- Refers to innovation processes that specifically address the needs of
the BoP and involve the BoP not only as consumer, but also as
producer, employee, and entrepreneur;
- Global collaboration focused on feeding the world, reducing
dependence on fossil fuels, and protecting what matters most.
- Active inclusion of those who are excluded from the mainstream of
development.
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Innovation for inclusive
development*
Innovation for
Inclusive
Development
Frugal
innovation
Inclusive
innovation*
Participatory
innovation
Pro-poor
innovation
Grassroots
innovation*
Base of
pyramid
innovation
Social
innovation
IKS
Non-IKS
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Frugal
innovati
on
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1996 White Paper on S&T
• Establishing an efficient, well‐coordinated and integrated system of
technological and social innovation;
• Encouraging creative and collaborative partnerships for individual and
national benefit;
• Advancing knowledge as an important aspect in national
development;
• Improving support to all types of innovation fundamental to
sustainable economic growth, employment creation, equity through
redress and social development;
• Inclusion of formerly marginalised stakeholders in science and
technology policy‐making and resource‐allocation activities; and
• Problem solving involving the multidisciplinary use of engineering, the
natural, health, environmental and human and social sciences
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IID is “disruptive”….
Innovation and
inclusiveness
Enabling
environment
R&D and Capacity
building
Knowledge
generation
Skills
development
Formal and
informal sectors
Formal and
informal sectors
M&E
Cooperation
Knowledge
management
ILED
Service delivery
Domestic,
Regional,
Continental,
global
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Siyabonga
Dankie
Enkosi
Ha khensa
Re a leboga
Ro livhuwa
Siyathokoza
Presentation
www.dst.gov.za
Thank you
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