Transcript Small Scale Distributed Power Plant in Indonesia

Distributed Small Scale Power Plant
(DSSPP) in Indonesia
By :
Ir. Djuwarno, MM
Chairman
INDONESIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY SOCIATY (IRES)
Jl. Duren Tiga No. 101 – Pancoran – Jakarta 12760
Ph. 62-21-79198581, Fax. 62-21-79198581
E-mail : [email protected]
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Government’s Policy on Renewable Energy
• Electricity Law No. 20/2002 states that
Renewable Energy is the first priority for
providing electricity in the country.
• Utilization of Renewable Energy will be part
of Government’s policy in promoting
“Green Energy Program” under the
proposed “Energy Law”.
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Indonesian Territory Map
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PLN’s Installed Capacity
Total Capacity : 20,930 MW
6864 MW
Combined Cycle,
32.2%
1225 MW
Gas Turbine, 5.8%
749.5 MW
Geothermal, 3.5%
2585 MW
Diesel, 12.1%
6770 MW
Steam, 31.8%
3106 MW
Hydro, 14.6%
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Electricity Supply - Demand Forecast
Description
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Java Bali
Energy Sales (TWh)
69.12
74.82
81.74
89.27
97.47
106.22
Growth Rate (%)
11.5
6.5
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.2
Peak Demand (MW)
13.326
14.174
14.862
15.844
16.965
18.168
20.78
21.74
22.80
23.95
25.16
No. of Customers (Mio) 20.12
Outer Islands
Energy Sales (TWh)
16.41
17.63
19.39
21.41
23.72
26.28
Growth Rate (%)
7.3
7.4
10.0
10.4
10.8
10.8
Peak Demand (MW)
3.85
4.12
4.52
4.98
5.50
6.07
No. of Customers (Mio)
9.48
9.95
10.69
11.50
12.38
13.32
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Indonesian’s Renewable Energy Potential
Expected
Invest.
US$/kW
Expected
Energy Cost
US$/kWh
Energy Sources
Potential (MW)
Installed
(MW)
Hydro (Big scale)
75,674
3,106
2,000 – 3,000
-
Mini & Micro
Hydro
230,913
32 & 22
1,000 – 2,900
0.025 – 0.069
Geothermal
19,658
749.5
910 – 1,500
0.03 – 0.05
Biomass
49.807
177.8
1,200 – 1,500
Vary
Solar
4-6.5
kWh/m2/day
5
9,000 – 15,000
1–2
Win
3-6 m/sec
0.5
1,000 – 1,500
0.05 – 0.06
Utilization of Renewable Energy could significantly reduce oil
consumption in the country, that is expected to diminution.
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Potential of Mini and Micro Hydro in
Major Islands
Location
Expected Potential
Capacity (kW)
39,954
SUMATRA
KALIMANTAN
8,987
SULAWESI
141,824
MALUKU
2,941
NUSA TENGGARA
24,274
IRIAN/PAPUA
12,933
TOTAL
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230,913
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Potential & Status – Hydro
• Indonesia’s total potential of hydro plant is
about 75 GW. Potential in Java, Sumatra,
Kalimantan and Other Islands is 4.2 GW,
15.6 GW, 21.6 GW, and 33,6 GW
respectively.
• Currently, total installed capacity of hydro
plant is just about 6% of its total potential.
• By 1997 about 32 MW Mini Hydro and 22
MW Micro Hydro had been installed (less
than 0.1% of its total potential)
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Potential & Status – Geothermal
• Mostly located in Java, Sumatra, Bali, Nusa
Tenggara, Sulawesi and Maluku.
• Total identified potential of 70 fields is about 19.658
MW.
• Total Installed capacity, currently is 749,5 MW,
mostly they are interconnected into PLN’s network
system at 55 MW sizes.
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Distribution of Geothermal Prospect in Indonesia
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Potential & Status – Biomass
• Total potential is 48,807.3 MW.
• Mostly for electricity generation utilizing
farming/plantation waste (rice Husk skin, coconut
shell, empty palm oil bunch, bagasse), woods,
garbage, etc
• Total potential in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java,
and others Islands is 1800 MW, 500 MW, 800
MW, 380 MW and 120 MW, respectively.
• Total installed capacity, currently is 177,98 MW.
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Potential & Status – Solar
• Most area in Sulawesi, Bali and Irian Jaya has a
high heat radiation of 6 – 6.5 kWh/m2/day.
• Mountain area in Irian Jaya, Sulawesi Java, has
an average heat radiation of 4.5 – 5.5
kWh/m2/day.
• Low terrain area in Kalimantan, Java, and
Sumatera, has an average heat radiation of 4 – 5
kWh/m2/day.
• Total installed capacity is about 5 MW, mostly
used for households.
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Potential & Status – Wind
• Most of equatorial area is likely to have less wind
• Total potential is 448 MW.
• Total current installed capacity is 0,5 MW, mostly
used for electricity, pumping, refrigeration and
batteraycharging.
• Most potential area such as Nusa Tenggara and
Sulawesi have potential of wind energy at about
10 – 100 kW sizes.
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Benefits of Developing DSSPP
• Create a better social life to local
community surrounding the Project (Better
Irrigation for Farming, Fishery, etc).
• Gives more sustainable electricity supply in
the long run.
• Give mutual benefit to local community,
local government as well as investors.
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Community Based Development
• Benefits of Developing DSSPP under
Community Based Development Concept :
– Give mutual benefit to local community,
investor and government.
– More Oriented to encourage participation of
local community.
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Business Scheme – On Gird
DSSPP
Interconnected to
Low Voltage System
~
Interconnected to
Medium Voltage
System
~
DSSPP
Low Voltage
Transmission Lines
Medium
Voltage
Customer
Medium Voltage
Transmission Lines
Low Voltage
Customer
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Business Scheme – Off Grid
• DSSPP generates and transmits electricity
directly to consumers.
GENERATION
CONSUMPTION
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Electricity Tariff for DSSPP < 1.0 MW
Interconnection to
Tariff
• Medium Voltage
Transmission
System
• 0.8 x PLN’s Medium Voltage
Production Cost
• Low Voltage
Distribution
System
• 0.6 x PLN’s Low Voltage
Production Cost
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Community Based Development
•User
•Operator
•Worker during
Erection Activity
•Promoting
utilization of DSSPP
Local
Community
Others :
-NGO
-University
Investor
Local
Government
•Project Sponsor
•Financing
•Built Power Plant
•Facilitator
•Permits
•Land
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Next 5 Years DSSPP Project Planning
For Mini/Micro Hydro Plant
• Financed by ADB Loan (PLN’s Project) :
–
–
–
–
–
Tatui MH – 1,100 kW – Serui – Papua
Amai MH -1,100 kW – Jayapura – Papua
Prafi MH – 1,000 kW – Manokwari – Papua
Lobong MH – 1,300 kW – Kotamobagu – East Kalimantan
Mongango MH – 1,700 kW – Gorontalo – North Sulawesi.
• Developed by IPP :
–
–
–
–
Kalumpang MH – 1,700 kW – Luwuk – North Sulawesi
Hanga-hanga MH – 2 x 1,700 kW – Luwuk – North Sulawesi
Mangani MH – 1,200 kW – West Sumatra
Cileunca (3 x 300 kW) and Ketenger 4 (600 kW) – West Java
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Identified Constrain in Developing DSSPP
• Mostly located in an isolated area :
– Limited access road
– Limited infrastructure.
– Limited well educated people to operate power
plant.
– Mostly for Households having limited purchasing
power.
• After economic crisis, Government have very
limited financing to support development of
DSSPP. It is very welcome to private company
to participate in developing DSSPP.
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION
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