Transcript Plagiarism - Campbell Hall School

Plagiarism
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Using others’ ideas & words without clearly
acknowledging the source of that information
Why do we care?
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It’s ethical
It’s the law
Intellectual theft/artistic & intellectual ownership
People need to be able to trace your research
NOTES
Notes for Slide 1
Derived from the Latin word plagiarius (“kidnapper”)
“Nearly all research builds on previous research. Researchers commonly begin a project by studying
past work in the area and deriving relevant information and ideas from their predecessors. This
process is largely responsible for the continual expansion of human knowledge. In presenting their
work, researchers generously acknowledge their debts to predecessors by carefully documenting each
source, so that earlier contributions receive appropriate credit. As you prepare your paper, you should
similarly seek to build on the work of previous writers and researchers. And whenever you draw on
another’s work, you must also document your source by indicating what you borrowed—whether
facts, opinions, or quotations—and where you borrowed it from.” MLA Handbook for Writers of
Research Papers: Fifth Edition, p. 114
Plagiarism
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To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit
whenever you use ………
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Another person’s ideas, opinion or theory
Any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings, photographs
Any pieces of information that are not common
knowledge
Quotations of another person’s actual spoken or
written words
Paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written
words
Plagiarism
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Using another person’s
phrases or sentences
without putting quotation
marks around them or
providing a parenthetical
citation is considered
plagiarism even if you
cite the source in your
“Works Cited”!
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Copying something
over and changing
every couple of words
is not paraphrasing. It
is plagiarism.
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Paraphrasing
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Original material
(Martin, Wendy.
“Emily Dickinson.” Columbia Literary History of the United States.
Emory Elliott, gen. Ed. New York: Columbia UP, 1988. 609-26.”
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“Some of Dickinson’s
most powerful poems
express her firmly held
conviction that life
cannot be fully
comprehended without
an understanding of
death.”
If you write the following
sentence without any
documentation, you have
committed plagiarism:
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“Emily Dickinson
strongly believed that we
cannot understand life
fully unless we also
comprehend death.”
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Correct:
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“As Wendy Martin
has suggested, Emily
Dickinson strongly
believed that we
cannot understand life
fully unless we also
comprehend death
(625).”
MLA Style
In MLA style, you acknowledge your sources by keying brief
parenthetical citations in your text to an alphabetical list of
works that appears at the end of the paper.
Example in your paper:
Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to
Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC (Marcuse 197).
In your Works Cited list:
Marcuse, Sibyl. A Survey of Musical Instruments. New York:
Harper, 1975.
NOTES
Notes for Slide 6
A parenthetical citation in MLA style contains only enough information to enable readers to find the source in the works
cited list. If the author’s name is mentioned in the text, only the page number appears in the citation. If more than one work
by the author is in the list of works cited, a shortened version of the titles is given as in this example.
•References in the text must clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited.
•Identify the location of the borrowed information as specifically as possible. Give the relevant page number(s) in the
parenthetical reference.
•Keep parenthetical references as brief and as few as clarity and accuracy permit.
•Place the parenthetical reference where a pause would naturally occur (preferably at the end of a sentence), as near as
possible to the material documented.
•When your bibliography lists only work by the author cited, you need give only the author's last name and page number(s):
(Patterson 193-85).
•If the work is listed by title in the bibliography, use the title and page number(s) in your parenthetical documentation.
Although the list of works cited appears at the end of your paper, you need to draft the section in advance so that you will
know what information to give in parenthetical references as you write.
--- Key brief parenthetical citations in your text to your alphabetical list of works cited.
--- References in the text must clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited.
--- Identify the location of the borrowed information as specifically as possible. Give the relevant page number(s) in the
parenthetical reference.
--- Keep parenthetical references as brief and as few as clarity and accuracy permit.
--- Place the parenthetical reference where a pause would naturally occur (preferably at the end of a sentence), as near as
possible to the material documented.
--- When your works cited lists only one work by an author, you give only the author's last name and page number(s) in the
parenthetical citation: (Patterson 193-85).
--- If more than one work by an author is in the list of works cited, a shortened version of the title is also included in the
parenthetical documentation.
--- If the work is listed by title in the works cited list, use the title and page number(s) in your parenthetical documentation.
--- If the author's name is mentioned in the text of your work, only the page number appears in the citation.
Works Cited List
Although the list of works cited appears at the end of your
paper, you need to draft the section in advance, so that you will
know what information to give in parenthetical references as
you write.
Works cited examples sheet is available on the library’s web
site. Use copy and paste for speed and accuracy. Be sure to
review the formatting hints.
NOTES
Notes for Slides 8
--- Double-space between successive lines of an entry and between entries.
--- Begin the first line of an entry flush left and indent successive lines ½". (Microsoft Word will
do this easily with the hanging indent option. (Go to format paragraph, indents and spacing,
indentation, then open the more options arrow under “special”.)
--- List entries in alphabetical order according to the first word in the citation.
--- Drop any initial article (e.g. "A", "The", "An").
--- If no author is given, start the citation with the title.
--- Separate author, title, and publication information with a period followed by one space.
--- Do not number a Works Cited list.
--- Paginate the bibliography as a continuation of your text.
Annotated List of Works Cited
An annotated bibliography, also called Annotated List of
Works Cited, contains descriptive or evaluative
comments on the sources.
Example
Thompson, Stith. The Folktale. New York: Dryden,
1946. A comprehensive survey of the most
popular folktales, including their histories and
their uses in literary works.
Friendly Reminders
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Do not number a works cited list.
Do alphabetize your works cited list.
Double-space; hanging indent
Librarians will proofread if you ask in a polite,
timely fashion!
Don’t be afraid to ask for help or guidance.
Give credit where credit is due.
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Source: Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of
Research Papers: Fifth Ed. New York: The Modern
Language Association of America, 1999.
By Ann Sciuto, Campbell Hall. December 2002.