Transcript Introduction to Database

IS 4420
Database Fundamentals
Leon Chen
Agenda
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About yourself
Name
 Major
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About the instructor
Syllabus
Chapter 1
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IS 4420
Database Fundamentals
Chapter 1:
The Database Environment
Leon Chen
Overview
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Database environment and Client/Server
architecture
Database, data, information, and metadata
Evolution of database systems
Advantages of databases
Costs and risks of databases
Categories of databases
Components of database environment
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Figure 1-11
Components
of the
database
environment
Metadata
Data
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Figure 2-11 Three-tiered client/server database architecture
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Definitions
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Database - organized collection of logically
related data
Data - stored representations of meaningful
objects and events
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Structured: numbers, text, dates
Unstructured: images, video, documents
Information: data processed to increase
knowledge of the user
Metadata: data that describes the properties and
context of user data (data about data)
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Figure 1-1a Converting data to information
- data in context
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Graphical displays turn data into useful
information that managers can use for
decision making and interpretation
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Metadata
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Data that describes the properties and
context of user data (data about data)
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Evolution of Database Systems
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Flat files (not database) - 1960s - 1980s
Hierarchical – 1970s - 1990s
Network – 1970s - 1990s
Relational – 1980s - present
Object-oriented – 1990s - present
Object-relational – 1990s - present
Data warehousing – 1980s - present
Web-enabled – 1990s - present
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DATABASE Approach
Central repository of shared data
 Stored in a standardized, convenient
form
 Requires a Database Management
System (DBMS)
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A software system that is used to create, maintain, and
provide controlled access to user databases
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Figure 1-11
Components
of the
database
environment
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Components of the
Database Environment
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CASE Tools – computer-aided software engineering
Repository – centralized storehouse of metadata
Database Management System (DBMS) – software for
managing the database
Database – storehouse of the data
Application Programs – software using the data
User Interface – text and graphical displays to users
Data Administrators – personnel responsible for maintaining
the database
System Developers – personnel responsible for designing
databases and software
End Users – people who use the applications and databases
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Match terms and definitions
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Data
Database
application
Repository
Metadata
Information
DBMS
Database
ERP
Enterprise
data model
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Data placed in context or summarized
Application program
Facts, text, graphics, etc.
A graphical model about an
organization
Organized collection of related data
Data definitions and constraints
Centralized storehouse for all data
definitions
An integrated enterprise level MIS
A software application to create,
maintain and control a database
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