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31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness 1. Hypothesize what you think this organism is doing in the picture. (BONUS: ID this guy) 2. Hypothesize why you do not get sick EVERYTIME disease causing germs invade your body. Pg. 68 White blood cell E. Coli (bacteria) Set Cornell Notesand on Human Illness 31.1upPathogens pg.69 Pathogens and Human Illness 2.131.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules •Topic: 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness •Essential Question(s): 1. Give REAL LIFE examples of how pathogens enter the body – Direct Contact – Indirect Contact KEY CONCEPT Germs cause many diseases in humans 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness KEY CONCEPT Germs cause many diseases in humans. 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Diseases caused by germs, such as the E. Coli bacteria can be fatal (death) • 1330-1352, the bacteria that caused the “Black Death” or the Plague originated from fleas on rats – Killed approx. 100-200 MILLION people – New diseases - HIV SARS Avian Flu (bird flu) Swine Flu 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Germ theory proposed that microorganisms cause diseases. – led to rapid advances in understanding disease – Can be infectious (polio, flu), caused by germs – or noninfectious (cancer, heart disease), caused by genes or lifestyle 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Disease-causing agents are called pathogens. • What would happen if pathogens were eliminated? – We wouldn’t get sick 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pg. 68 Bacteria Pathogens Viruses Fungi Protozoa Parasites 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Whiteboard Knowledge • For each type of pathogen, write any words/pictures/info/examples you know 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Whiteboard Knowledge • Grab a White board/Pen/Eraser for yourself • Grab a Poster and a few markers for your TABLE 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Bacteria – are single-celled organisms. – cause illness by destroying cells – release toxic chemicals – Can be treated/killed with antibiotics or antiseptics – Exs: – E. Coli – Salmonella - “Food Poisoning” 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Viruses • are disease-causing strands of DNA or RNA that are surrounded by a protein coat – Take over a healthy (host) cell – Forces cells to produce more of the virus – Smaller than bacteria – Can be prevented with vaccines – Exs: – HIV – – – – Influenza Herpes *Common Cold AIDS 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Fungi – can be multicellular or single-celled. – take nutrients from host’s cells – occur in warm and damp places Ex: Athlete’s foot, yeast, mold 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Protozoa – are single-celled organisms – Prey on other cells – use host cells to complete their life cycles – take nutrients from host cell – Ex: Malaria, dysentery 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Parasites – are multicellular organisms – grow and feed on a host – possibly kill the host Ex: Heart worm Round worm Elephantiasis- parasitic worms 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Vectors • any person or animal that carries and transmits a pathogen to another living organism. • Direct contact requires touching an infected individual. Includes: – kissing – sexual intercourse – hand shaking – bite tick Ex: Lime Disease- ticks Malaria- mosquito West Nile Virus- mosquito Rabies- rabid animal HIV- infected person 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pathogens can enter the body in different ways. • Direct contact require an infected person or animal to physically touch a healthy person • Ex: Rabies, HIV • Indirect contact does not require touching an infected individual. • Ex: SARS, TB Time for a Little Guessing Game… 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Guess the pathogen AND how the disease spreads • On the poster you have been given, draw this table • Remember: Whisper quietly as to not allow other teams to hear your answers HINT: use the systems affected to help 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness HIV 13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships Pneumonia 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Tuberculosis 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Malaria HINT: The mosquito is actually the VECTOR 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Hepatitis B 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Measles 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Influenza 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness • Different pathogens cause common infectious diseases. Set Cornell Notesand on pg. 31.1upPathogens Human Illness 71 31.1 Bacteria vs. Viruses 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules •Topic: 31.1 Bacteria vs. Viruses •Essential Question(s): 1. Double-bubble map comparing and contrasting viruses and bacteria using the book, notes, videos, and REAL LIFE examples of each. 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pg. 71 VIRUSES BACTERIA Take notes from video which will be used to add info to your Double-Bubble Map 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pg. 71 Viruses vs. Bacteria Videos Viruses • The Littlest Assassins • Viruses • How Viruses Work • The Influenza Pandemic of 1918 Bacteria Harmful • The Enemy Within: Bacteria • Harmful Bacteria Beneficial • Beneficial Bacteria • How Bacteria Can Help Focus: • How viruses use our cells against us • Beneficial bacteria vs. Harmful bacteria 31.2 Immune System Classwork On pg. 70 please draw a doublebubble map comparing and contrasting bacteria and viruses • REAL LIFE examples • Illustrations • Treatment/Prevention? (pg. 942 & notes & Videos) 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Beneficial Bacteria • Decomposers – Break down dead material • Soil – Makes it fertile so plants can grow • Intestines – Aids in digestion – Produces vitamins • Food – Cheese, sour cream, yogurt • Medicine– help fight diseases • Sewage Treatment • Oil spills Harmful Bacteria • Take over ponds, etc. – Kills existing life • Food – Grows on food (spoils) • Mouth – Feed on food in between teeth - Must brush and floss • Infect – Open sores • Difficult to kill – May have a slippery outer capsule 31.2 Immune System Smaller than Bacteria Single- celled Have a protein coat Pathogens HIV E. Coli Bacteria Release toxic chemicals microscopic Infectious Viruses Flu Force cells to produce more virus Common cold Larger than viruses 31.2 Immune System Rabbit Island Experiment Case Study: Tuberculosis • Quietly read the case study (highlight crucial info) • Summary of Rabbit Island Experiment (Table) • Class discussion • Clarifying questions • You have until Friday to complete the case study questions • I WANT TIME and CONSIDERATION. This is going into your grade as a QUIZ/ESSAY score. – If typed, submit on Edmodo – Or on a neatly written piece of paper.