Transcript Slide 1

International Rail Safety Conference Goa
GB Experience
10 years after privatisation
Anson Jack
Deputy Chief Executive
Director of Policy, Research and Risk
Rail Safety and Standards Board
Great Britain
3 October 2007
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Railway Reforms – 1994-1997
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Vertical separation – 31/3/1994
1 SOE (British Rail) to 100 private
companies
Sale of ALL railway assets
Privatised infrastructure
Franchised all passenger services
Sale of freight businesses
Completely new access regime
Completely new safety regime
Creation of supply industry
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
safety case approval hierarchy
1994-2000
Health & Safety Executive
Railtrack
Train
Operators
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1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
safety case approval hierarchy
1994-2000
HSE
2001-2006
HSE
Railtrack
Railtrack /
Network Rail
TOCs and
FOCs
TOCs and
FOCs
9
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Post Safety Directive
1994-2000
HSE
2001-2006
HSE
Safety
Management
System
2006 +
Office of Rail Reg
Railtrack
TOCs and Network Rail TOCs and
Railtrack /
FOCs
Network Rail FOCs
TOCs and
FOCs
9
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Regulatory changes since 1997
• Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) created, and
abolished! (2000 to 2005)
• European Railway Agency (ERA) established with
locus on standards and safety (2005)
• Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) – became integrated
economic and safety regulator (2006)
• Department for Transport (DfT) now leads franchising
and strategic development of railway (2005+)
• New Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB)
(2005)
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Industry Changes
• Railtrack created (1994) privatised (1996)
bankrupt (2001), taken over by Network Rail
(2002)
• Franchise length from 7 to 20 to 7 years
• Number of franchises reducing from 25 to c20
• Virtually all franchises change at end of initial
franchise term
• Railtrack role in leading safety moved to
Railway Safety and, in changed format, to
RSSB
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Passenger kms 1947 to 2006
50% in 11
years
50
45
Passenger kilometres (billions)
40
35
30
25
DECLINE
20
STAGNATION GROWTH
15
10
5
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
1980
1975
1970
1965
1960
1955
1950
1947
0
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
No of train accidents involving fatalities
12
Number of fatal train accidents per year (excluding public fatalities at level crossings)
11
Average number of fatal train accidents over previous 10 years
Number of fatal train accidents
10
9
Average rate is
currently 1 every 2
years
=
Lowest level to date
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2006
2004
2002
2000
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
1988
1986
1984
1982
1980
1978
1976
1974
1972
1970
1968
1966
1964
1962
1960
1958
1956
1954
1952
1950
1948
1946
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
100%
400
80%
300
60%
40%
200
SPAD risk as percentage of benchmark
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
SPAD risk - less than 10% of 2001 baseline
140%
600
120%
100
20%
Feb-07
Jan-07
Dec-06
Nov-06
Oct-06
Sep-06
Aug-06
Jul-06
Jun-06
May-06
Apr-06
Mar-06
Feb-06
Jan-06
Dec-05
Nov-05
Oct-05
Sep-05
Aug-05
Jul-05
Jun-05
May-05
Apr-05
Mar-05
Feb-05
Jan-05
Dec-04
Nov-04
Oct-04
Sep-04
Aug-04
Jul-04
Jun-04
May-04
Apr-04
Mar-04
Feb-04
Jan-04
Dec-03
Nov-03
Oct-03
Sep-03
Aug-03
Jul-03
Jun-03
May-03
Apr-03
Mar-03
Feb-03
Jan-03
Dec-02
Nov-02
Oct-02
Sep-02
Aug-02
Jul-02
Jun-02
May-02
Apr-02
Mar-02
Feb-02
Jan-02
Dec-01
Nov-01
Oct-01
Sep-01
Aug-01
Jul-01
Jun-01
May-01
Apr-01
Mar-01
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
Date
0
7%
0%
500
Change in risk with TPWS (one year)
Change in risk with TPWS (two year)
Number of SPADS
9%
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Trends in safety
• Significant improvement in areas
directly under railways’ control
• Worsening position in areas not directly
under railways’ control – trespass and
suicide
• Recent efforts on level crossings
beginning to show effects
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Lesson for rail safety
• Despite turmoil in organisation,
regulation, and ownership – GB railway
delivered growth, improved safety and
investment
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
What is RSSB? ,
• Set up in April 2003 as a not-for-profit company
• Owned and funded by major stakeholders in the rail
industry, independent of any one party
• Approximately 200 employees covering a range of
technical and business disciplines
• Working with our industry partners our purpose is to:
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Continuously improve the level of safety in the rail industry
Drive out unnecessary cost
Improve business performance
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
Asset/system management
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Where does RSSB sit in the industry?
Department for Transport
strategy / funding
Voluntary
membership
Supply
Chain
Train Operators
RSSB
support
Network Rail
Membership
required
by licence
Office of Rail Regulation
economic / safety regulator
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
Supply
Chain
Voluntary
membership
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
What does
RSSB do?
Facilitate cross industry
working
Manage standards
Industry risks /
opportunities.
Improving:
• safety
• cost
• performance
• capacity
• sustainability
Provide safety
intelligence
Where
industry can
benefit from
cooperation.
Manage R&D
Deliver national
programmes
Give technical
support and advice
Model risk
Support industry decision
making
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
RSSB’s products and
services help industry
meet its objectives in
safety, cost, capacity
performance, and
sustainability
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Example - Ejection during accidents
Fatalities
Ejections
Fatal Ejections
Watford
1
2
1
Southall
7
2
2
Ladbroke Grove
29
1
1
Hatfield
4
0
0
Great Heck
8
0
0
Potters Bar
6
6
4
Ufton Nervet
5
9
4
60
20
12
Location of accident
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Problem:
Ejections
Establish Cross industry
Containment Group (Understand
the nature of the problem)
Change standards for
rolling stock (windows)
Inquiry
recommendations
MPs campaign for
seat belts
Families of the dead
promoting hammers,
belts, windows
Assessment of risks to
passengers
Research into past accidents,
hammers, windows, seat belts
Rolling stock, risk, human
factors, economic support
to research and stakeholder
Risk assessment of
options, built model to
assist in decision-making
Containment Group
recommendations adopted by
ATOC Board
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Industry agreed conclusions
2-point (lap) seat belts (2005 research report):
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Should not be fitted
3-point seat belts (2007 research report):
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Should not be fitted
Windows (2007 research report):
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Should all be laminated
Should not be breakable or used for escape
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
Problem:
Ejections
Establish Cross industry
Containment Group (Understand
the nature of the problem)
Change standards for
rolling stock (windows)
Industry agreed strategy
Inquiry
recommendations
MPs campaign for
seat belts
‘Bereaved’ promoting
hammers, belts,
windows
Assessment of risks to
passengers
Research into past accidents,
hammers, windows, seat belts
Rolling stock, risk, human
factors, economic support
to research and stakeholder
Risk assessment of
options, built model to
assist in decision-making
Containment Group
recommendations adopted by
ATOC Board
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
• Adjust controls to
improve safety
• Minimise the costs
• Joined up industry
communications
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
• That is what RSSB does and how it
works across the industry to help
improve business and safety
performance
• All our research reports are published
on the web
• Thank you for listening
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007
International Rail Safety Conference Goa
www.rssb.co.uk
1 October 2007 – 3 October 2007