The Rise of Democracy

C H A P T E R 2 6

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to…

 trace the transition from monarchy, oligarchy, and tyranny to early democratic forms of government in ancient Greece.

  explain the reasons for the failure of monarchy, oligarchy, and tyranny in ancient Greece.

state the important differences between Athenian, or direct, democracy and representative democracy

Chapter 26.1--Introduction

Read together—page 253

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What were the different settlements in Greece called?

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How were the Greek city-states different from each other?

What did the Greek city-states have in common?

Look at the picture on page 253

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What do you see?

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Where are the people?

What is the job of the first man on the path? How many people are in the group that appears next on the path?

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Do you think these people are rich or poor? Why? What is the next man on the path holding? What might this stick mean? How many people are near the end of the path?

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Do you think they are rich or poor? Why?

This graphic organizer represents the rise of democracy in ancient Greece

Music Activity

 We will listen to some of the songs that have been selected.

Questions to consider…

 Which songs should we listen to?

 How loudly should the music be played?

We will use the principles (main beliefs) of 4 forms of government from ancient Greece to select the songs and set the volume.

Behavior Expectations

      Work quietly Raise your hand to speak Use expected language and tone of voice Listen when others are speaking Follow directions Complete your work

MONARCHY

      The earliest form of government in ancient Greece was monarchy.  One person—such as a king or emperor—had the power to make all the political decisions. All students—Sit on the floor  FYI—when you are sitting on the floor, you have NO POWER Now, I will select 2 students to come to the front of the class.  Meet your king (purple flower crown) and prince (tiara) The king may select a song from one of the CDs to play, ignoring suggestions made from the rest of the class. The king can also choose how to set the volume. Uh oh! The king has just died!!! (headband removed, lay on floor—prince gets yellow headband, and loses green one) Prince may now select and play a new song.

Reflecting on the Monarchy Experience

      How did you feel during this activity?

Did you like the choices made by the king and the prince?

If you wanted different music from what the king and the prince chose, was there any way you could have had it played?

Who makes the decisions in a monarchy?

What are the advantages of a monarchy? What are the disadvantages?

Chapter 26.2 “Monarchy: One Person Inherits Power”

 Read together—page 254  What connections can you make between our class monarchy activity, and what we just read?

 Complete 26.2 reading notes on workbook page 172

26.2 Reading Notes Answer Key

OLIGARCHY

• • • • An oligarchy developed in ancient Greece as an alternative to monarchy.

• A few individuals have the power to make political decisions.

All students—Sit on the floor • FYI—when you are sitting on the floor, you have NO POWER Meet your three oligarchs!!! (Notice their money! They are also called aristocrats!) Your oligarchs will select the music, playing the music softly so only they can hear it.

Reflecting on the Oligarchy Experience

         If you were sitting on the floor, how did you feel during this exercise?

How did you feel if you were allowed to choose the music?

Why do you think you were given money?

How did you feel when you couldn’t hear the music?

Who makes decisions in an oligarchy? Who do you think made the decisions in the oligarchies of Greece?

What are the advantages of an oligarchy? What are the disadvantages?

What do you think caused oligarchies to develop after monarchies?

Chapter 26.3

“Oligarchy: A Few People Share Power”

 Read together—page 255  What connections can you make between our class oligarchy activity, and what we just read?

 Complete 26.3 reading notes on workbook page 172

26.3 Reading Notes Answer Key

Bell Work

On a piece of lined paper (“other” section of your binder), decide whether you would prefer to live in a

monarchy or an oligarchy

and explain why with at least 3 reasons (you are not one of the leaders).

TYRANNY

• • • • • • Unhappiness with oligarchies in ancient Greece led to the rise of new leaders, called tyrants.

• In a tyranny, one individual seizes power by force and rules single-handedly.

All students—Sit on the floor • FYI—when you are sitting on the floor, you have NO POWER Which one of you believe the class would like you to be the one to select the music? (Stand up) Those who are not standing—sit by the feet of the student you would like to choose the music. Meet your tyrant! (Notice their pointer stick!) Your tyrant will choose a song and volume, following the advice of those who supported him/her.

Reflecting on the Tyranny Experience

       Why did you choose to support the person you did?

If you were chosen to select the music, how did you feel?

If you were asked your advice about the song to play, how did you feel? If you weren’t asked, how did you feel?

Who makes decisions in a tyranny?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a tyranny?

What do you think caused tyrannies to develop after oligarchies?

Chapter 26.4

“Tyranny: One Person Takes Power by Force”

 Read together—page 256  What connections can you make between our class tyranny activity, and what we just read?

 Complete 26.4 reading notes on workbook page 173

26.4 Reading Notes Answer Key

DEMOCRACY

• • • • • At around 500 BCE, after the overthrow of a harsh tyrant, the citizens of Athens decided they would rule themselves. This was the beginning of a democracy.

• In a democracy, people vote to make political decisions.

All students—Sit in your seats • FYI—now EVERYONE in the class has an equal right to make decisions.

Volunteer: On the board, tally the votes for songs that students would like to hear. Vote: the class will vote on the suggestions. WE WILL PLAY THE SONG THAT RECEIVES MORE THAN ½ OF THE VOTES OF THE CLASS.

Listen to your song!!!

Reflecting on the Democracy Experience

       How did you feel during this activity?

Who makes decisions in a democracy?

How are these decisions made?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a democracy?

What kind of government do we have in our country?

What do you think caused democracy to develop after tyrannies?

Why do you think democracy was the last form of government to develop?

Chapter 26.5

“Democracy: All Citizens Share Power”

 Read together—page 257  What connections can you make between our class democracy activity, and what we just read?

 Complete 26.5 reading notes on workbook page 173 Watch Video Clip  Turning Points in History--Democracy in Greece

26.5 Reading Notes Answer Key

Bell Work

With your partner, fill out the Venn diagram on all the forms of government that we studied in chapter 26. Use chapter 26 for guidance.

Discuss with your partner but take your own notes

Please have your chapter 26 vocabulary homework on your desk to be checked

-all citizens share power -every citizen can vote -Assembly- law making group -any free man could vote on a new law or proposal to go to war none -One person inherits power through family lines -Aristocrats were king’s advisors -No queens none none -men decide -everyone wasn’t happy -all failed in Athens none -wealthy ruled -could ignore needs of the people -army punished those who disobeyed Often harsh -took control by force and increased Aristocrats’ wealth -rule by aristocrats only -rich got richer -used force to keep citizens under control -rule by a few -laws protected and poor got poorer -kept control with force -power was not inherited -gained support from people -not legal kings by promising them more rights - some were military leaders

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  Video Clip: Overview of Ancient Greek Government Workbook page 174