Transcript 2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health, and Survival Week Structural

2009 Fire/EMS Safety, Health, and
Survival Week
Structural Size-Up and Situational
Awareness
Structural Watch-outs
1. 360 view of fire and size up not performed.
2. Uninformed on strategy, tactics, fire conditions, and
hazards.
3. Instructions and assignments not clear.
4. The incident is progressing poorly.
5. Transitioning from offensive to defensive or visa
versa.
6. The structure has been evacuated by the public and is
confirmed.
7. Water supply is unreliable.
8. Searching without a hose line or tag line.
9. Working above or below the fire.
10. Attempting to attack the fire from a ground ladder.
11. Interior building configuration makes escape to
safe areas difficult.
12. Upon entering the structure you encounter heavy
smoke conditions and / or high heat.
13. Unable to quickly locate the seat of the fire.
14. Unfamiliar with the building and / or its contents.
15. The building has had numerous
alterations.
16. Operating on the roof with only one means
of egress.
17. 15 minutes have elapsed & the interior fire
fight continues.
18. Environmental conditions are extreme.
19. The incident scene is dark.
20. Mentally and / or physically tired.
10 Rules of Engagement - IAFC
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No building or property is worth the life of a
firefighter.
All interior firefighting involves an inherent
risk.
Some risk is acceptable in a measured and
controlled manner.
No level of risk is acceptable if there is no
potential to save lives or savable proptery.
10 Rules of Engagement - IAFC
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Firefighters should not be committed to
interior offensive firefighting operations in
abandon or derelict buildings.
All feasible measures shall be taken to limit or
avoid risk through a risk assessment by a
qualified officer.
It is the responsibility of the IC to evaluate the
level of risk in every situation.
10 Rules of Engagement - IAFC
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Risk assessment is a continuous process for the
entire duration of the incident.
If conditions change, and risk increases, change
strategy and tactics.
NO BUILDING OR PROPERTY IS WORTH THE
LIFE OF A FIREFIGHTER.
Full report:
http://www.iafc.org/associations/4685/files/rules.pdf
Tactical Decision Game
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Everyone get a sheet of paper to write your
answers on. One person will keep the time.
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You have three minutes to read the statement
and answer the questions below in order of
highest priority.
Scenario
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You are the Officer assigned to E10. E10 is
dispatched to a reported structure fire in CO.
14’s first-in district. The fire is located at 2320
Buford Dr. The fire building consists of a large
one story, Type II, commercial building;
restaurant. The fire is located on Side D of the
building. E14, E26 and E21 are on a previous
call. You’re first on-scene. Your crew consists of
a 4 year firefighter, a 5 year relief driver and
yourself.
Questions
•Est. command, size-up, and priorities.
•What is you initial action?
•What other considerations do you have?
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Discuss your answers with the crew. Look for
differences in opinions and discuss the
background of why you made your decision.
Situational Awareness
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An internal process that goes on constantly,
much like a size up.
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Becomes driving factor for Decision Making.
Comprehension of
the Current
Situation
Perception of the
Elements in the
Environment
Situational
Awareness
Projection of
Future Status
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Perception- I see smoke.
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Comprehension- The smoke is very dark and
turbulent, pushing.
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Projection- Smoke explosion/flashover
imminent, back crews out.
8 Factors that Lead to Lost Awareness
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Ambiguity- Open to more than one
interpretation or unclear.
Distraction- Attention is drawn away from
the original focus of attention.
Fixation- Focusing attention on one item
excluding all others.
Overload- Too busy to stay on top of
everything
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Complacency- A false sense of comfort that
masks deficiencies and danger.
Improper Procedure- Deviating from SOP’s
without justification.
Unresolved Discrepancy- Failure to resolve
conflicts or conflicting conditions.
“Nobody flying the plane”- Self
Explanatory.
Situational Awareness
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Reality- What is going on?
Perception- What we perceive is going on?
Goal is to be identical, allows us to make the
best decision.
Additional Info.
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http://www.fireengineering.com/display_articl
e/355909/25/none/none/Feat/SituationalAwareness:-Key-to-Emergency-Response
http://www.iafc.org/associations/4685/files/pu
bs_CRMmanual.pdf Page 19.