Transcript LIGHTING BASED ENERGY EFFICIENCY UPGRADES

LIGHTING BASED ENERGY
EFFICIENCY UPGRADES - LESSONS
LEARNED
Christopher Richard, PhD, P.E., CxA
Smart Building Systems, Inc.
April 17, 2013
Outline
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Project Overview
Proposed Solutions
Accepted Solutions
Issues Encountered /Lessons Learned
Conclusion
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Project Overview
• ARRA-funded lighting
replacement and
controls upgrade for GSA
• Project dates: January
2010 through August
2012
• Building size: Eight
federal courthouses &
office buildings in
Alabama and Georgia,
~2.5 million ft2
combined.
• Four designs taken to
implementation
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Diverse Building Characteristics
• Ages
– historical(1932) to modern (2002)
• Sizes
– 100,000 SF to over 1million SF
– 5 floors to 25 floors
• Uses
– call centers, courtrooms, private offices, large
open offices, prisoner holding areas, etc.
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Proposed Solutions
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Luminaire Replacements
Spectrally Enhanced Lighting
Relamping
Delamping
Controls
– Local
– Global
– Daylight Harvesting
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Luminaire Replacement
• Primary ECM:
3 lamp 32WT8
replaced with 2 lamp
28WT5
– Improved energy
performance
• Parabolic luminaires
replaced with
volumetric luminaires
– improved light
distribution with no “cave
effect”
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Spectrally Enhanced Lighting
• Take advantage of
human perception of
brightness
• Use lamps with
higher Color
Temperature /CRI
Lamps (e.g. 5000K 82
CRI vs more common
3500K 75CRI) more
like natural daylight
• Use lower light
intensity (Fc)
• Increased visual
acuity
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Spectrally Enhanced Lighting
• Lower light levels (fc) result in equal visual
acuity and perceived brightness
• http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/news
/news_detail.html?news_id=10382
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Relamping and Delamping
• Relamping
– Replace older technology lamps (e.g.
incandescent) with newer, more efficient lamp
types (e.g. CFL or LED), cost permitting
• Delamping
– Remove lamps in over lit areas to comply with
recent energy guidelines (AHRAE 90.1)
– Replace 3 lamp luminaires with 2 lamp
luminaires
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Improved Controls
• Local – Occupancy and Vacancy Sensors
• Global – Building wide lighting controllers
(multiple OFF sweeps per day based on time)
• Daylight Harvesting
– Dimming or extinguishing lightings during times
of abundant natural light
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Accepted Solutions
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Luminaire Replacements Retrofits
Spectrally Enhanced Lighting
Relamping
Delamping
Controls
– Local
– Global Rezoning
– Daylight Harvesting
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Retrofit Kits
• Less costly than full luminaire replacements
• Structural parts of the original luminaire
remain
• Kits still allow for
conversion from
parabolic to volumetric
• Kits still allow for
3 lamp to 2 lamp
conversion
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Rejection of SEL
• GSA disapproved SEL due to unproven nature
of the approach
• GSA did approve conversion to consistent
higher color temperature lamps (4100K vs
5000K for SEL and the original 3500K for
most existing lamps)
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Local Controls
DT Ceiling
Mounted
Sensor
PIR
Switch
Sensor
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Rezoning
Goal is to reduce the number of lights
energized for a single person or small group
working in an area of the building outside of
normal business hours.
With flour globally controllable zones per floor,
only a quarter of a floor
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Zone Layout
Existing wiring and cost restriction limited the
project to two zones (vs proposed four) per floor.
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ISSUES ENCOUNTERED
AND
LESSONS LEARNED
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Retrofit kits
• Kit Installation was an issues. Not all 2x4 recessed
luminaires are created equal
• Historic building contained a large variety of luminaire
styles and sizes
• Some sites had “metric” 2x4 (600mm x 1200mm)
• Had to resocket and reballast in some locations as kits
would simply not fit.
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Occupancy and Vacancy Sensors
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Sensor density (Cost vs. Coverage)
Ceiling height (wall mounted vs ceiling mounted)
High walled cubicles
“Added” walls during remodel
Doors, furniture and other obstructions
White noise generator
Sensor settings
– Occupancy mode (auto on) or vacancy mode (manual )
– Dual Tech trigger setting (e.g. both to trigger on, either to hold
on)
– Time delay settings
– Sensitivity
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General
• Wiring
– Renovations make existing circuits poor zone
choices for control zones (local or global)
– Wiring not up to code
– No neutrals a switch location (can’t use most
dual technology sensors)
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CONCLUSIONS
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