Transcript UNIT FIFTEEN Health and Sports

UNIT FIFTEEN
Health and Sports
“GRAMMAR - Dilbilgisi”
Have to / has to
HAD TO
Present (v1)
past (v2)
• Have to / has to:
Bir eylemin ZORUNLU veya
gerekli olduğunu anlatır.
-meli, -malı, -mek, -mak zorunda
Yapma mecburiyeti vardır,
kurallardan, kanunlardan kaynaklanan
bir zorunluluk,
"must" a göre daha kuvvetlidir.
Must:
-meli, -malı,-mek, -mak zorunda
Yapma mecburiyeti yok, kişiye kalmış
Kişiden kaynaklanan bir zorunluluk
HAD TO
: yapmak ZORUNDAYDI / GEÇMİŞ
zaman
Present / Şimdiki zaman
Fiilin 1.hali (v1)
Past / Geçmiş zaman
Fiilin 2.hali (v2)
Have to – has to ------------------ HAD TO
Must -------------------------------- HAD TO
• HAVE TO-has to ------------ HAD TO (v2-past)
• He is ill. He HAS TO stay in hospital for a few days.
“O hastadır.” “O birkaç gün hastanede kalmak zorundadır.”
• He was ill. He HAD TO stay in hospital for a few days.
“O hastayDI. O birkaç gün hastanede kalmak zorunda kalDI.”
“O hastayDI. O birkaç gün hastanede kalmak zorundayDI.”
• My daughter has got a temperature TODAY.
HAVE TO stay at home with her.
“Bugün kızımın ateşi var.” “Onunla evde kalmak zorundayım.”
• My daughter had a temperature yesterday.
I HAD TO stay at home with her.
“Dün kızımın ateşi varDI. Onunla birlikte evde kalmak zorunda kalDIm.”
I
• My wife is out now. I have to look after the baby.
“Eşim şimdi dışarıdadır.”
“Bebeğe bakmak zorundayım.”
• My wife was out. I HAD TO look after the baby.
“Eşim dışarıdayDI.
Bebeğe bakmak zorunda kalDIm.”
“Bebeğe bakmak zorundayDIm.”
• It is rainy at the moment. “Şimdi hava yağmurludur.”
We have to cancel the garden party.
“Bahçe partisini iptal etmek zorundayız.”
• It was rainy yesterday. “Dün hava yağmurluyDU.”
We HAD TO cancel the garden party.
“Bahçe partisini iptal etmek zorunda kalDIk.”
“Bahçe partisini iptal etmek zorundaydık.”
• His marks are low this year “Bu yıl onun notları düşüktür.”.
He has to study harder.
“O daha sıkı çalışmak zorundadır.”
• His marks were low last term.
“Geçen dönem onun notları düşükTÜ.”
He HAD TO study harder.
“Daha sıkı çalışmak zorunda kalDI.”
• We have to leave early today.
“Bugün erken ayrılmak zorundayız.”
• We HAD TO leave early yesterday.
“Dün erken ayrılmak zorunda kalDIk.”
• We have to go home before our father comeS.
“Babamız gelmeden önce eve gitmek zorundayız.”
• We HAD TO go home before our father CAME.
“Babamız eve gelmeden önce eve gitmek zorundayDIk.”
“Babamız eve gelmeden önce eve gitmek zorunda kalDIk.”
• We have to show our passports at the frontier. PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• We HAD TO show our passports at the frontier. PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• We have to pay our taxes.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• We HAD TO pay our taxes.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• Soldiers have to shave every day.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• Soldiers HAD TO shave every day in those years.
• They have to be present at the meeting.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• They HAD TO be present at the meeting then.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• A secretary has to know how to type.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• A secretary HAD TO know how to type in the past. PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• We have to work to eat.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• We HAD TO work to eat THEN.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• The students have to wear uniforms. PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• The students HAD TO wear uniforms in the past.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• The students have to send a report to their teacher every week.
• The students HAD TO send a report to their teacher every
week THEN. PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• He is late to the airport, she has to take a taxi.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• He was late to the airport. She HAD TO take a taxi.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• I have to go to Oxford this month.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
• I HAD TO go to Oxford last month.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
• HAD TO (V2)
yapmak ZORUNDAYDI / GEÇMİŞ zaman
• Have to (V1) has to (V1) ------------------- HAD TO (V2)
past / geçmiş zaman
• + Olumlu cümle, ? soru cümlesi, - olumsuz cümle
• He HAD TO buy a ticket for the theatre.
“had to-V2, yardımcı fiil DID”
• DID he HAVE TO buy a ticket for the theatre?
“Cümlede DID yardımcı fiilini kullandığımız için fiilin 1.halini yazarız HAVE TO”
• He DID not HAVE TO buy a ticket for the theatre.
“Cümlede DID yardımcı fiilini kullandığımız için fiilin 1.halini yazarız HAVE TO”
• We HAD TO pass an exam to enter a university
“Biz üniversiteye girmek için bir sınavı geçmek zorundayDIk.”
• DID we HAVE TO pass an exam to enter a university?
• We DIDn’t HAVE TO pass an exam to enter a university.
• I HAD TO stay in bed. Because I was ill.
• DID you HAVE TO stay in bed?
• I DIDn’t HAVE TO stay in bed.
MUST ın da geçmiş zamandaki şekli
HAD TO dur.
She must be at home at seven o’clock.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
She HAD TO be at home at seven o’clock.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
We must stop smoking.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
We HAD TO stop smoking.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
A person must clean his room.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
A person HAD TO clean his room.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman
They must get up early.
PRESENT / Şimdiki zaman
They HAD TO get up early.
PAST / Geçmiş zaman