Transcript GUIDELINE ON PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN RELATION TO THE …

TOOLS FOR WATER PROTECTION
IN THE EU COMMON
AGRICULTURAL POLICY (CAP)
SOURCE: Working Document “The Water Framework
Directive and tools within the CAP to support its
implementation”
Brussels, 7 February 2003
Maret Merisaar, CCB Estonian Secretariat
Contents of the document
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Goals of the Water Framework Directive
• 3 Impact of agricultural activities to water bodies
and water ecosystems.
• 4 Interactions between the WFD and the CAP
• 5 Tools for water protection in the current CAP
• 6 Development of the CAP from the point of view
of water protection
• 7 New environmental standards
• 8 Conclusions
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1 Introduction
• The Working Document of the EC “Water Framework Directive
(WFD) and tools within the CAP to support its implementation”
was published on 7 February 2003.
• Target groups – public authorities in charge of rural development
planning, river basin management and nature protection as
well as the secretariats of international environmental
conventions.
• One of the goals is to facilitate the dialogue between the
authorities of agriculture and environment administrations. It
compares the time schedules for implementing the WFD and the
CAP reform.
• This is a discussion document that will be regularly updated
according the changes in both of these EU policies.
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2 WFD: purpose and key objective
The WFD establishes a framework for the protection of all waters
(including inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and
groundwater) which:
Prevents further deterioration of the status of water resources;
Promotes sustainable water use;
Aims at enhancing protection and improvement of the aquatic
environment through specific measures
Ensures the reduction of pollution of groundwater and
Contributes to mitigating the effects of floods and droughts.
…and what is the key objective?
Overall, the Directive aims at achieving good water status for all
waters by 2015.
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3 Impact of agricultural activities to
water bodies and water ecosystems
•
Irrigation – mainly in the southern memberstates, (maize,
friuts, vegetables)
•
Drainage – lowering of groundwater table, deterioration of
wetlands
•
Quality and quantity of ground water – usage of
pesticides, nutrients, drainage and irrigation, intensive water
usage (e.g.dairies)
•
•
Quality and quantity of surface water – in addition
to above: heavy metals from fertilizers, erosion sediments,
ammonia from manure storages into waterbodies.
Competion in land-use – while restoring
hydromorphology, protecting
grasslands, fighting with floods.
wetlands,
creating
new
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4 Interactions of agriculture and water
mangement 1
• Interactions on administration level
– Planning and timing of activities within CAP
and WFD: Bigger changes in the CAP only after 2007.
Synergies from problem identification and coordination of
measures. Cooperation of authorities in selection of
monitoring sites and protected areas Use the results of
river basin characterizations from 2005 from RBMP.
– Competition for land usage – grasslands,
forests, abandonement.
– WFD allows some exemptions (derogations) in
deadlines for achieving environmental standards and in
the strictness of the requirements.
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4 Interactions of agriculture and water
mangement 2
• Interactions on farm level
– Water protection requirements in the WFD
• Minimum or basic requirements
• Additional requirements (unclosed list)
– Environmental standards
– Polluter pays principle
– Farmers in different river basins may have different
requirements = economic competion conditions
– How does WFD differ from earlier water protection
directives?
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5 Tools for water protection in
the current CAP
– Regulation 1259/1999/EC – subsidies depending from impl
of ennv requirements in endangered areas
– Rural development (see next slide)
– Good agricultural practice (in sensitive areas) and
minimum standards (for young farmers) already exist in the
Rural Development Plans but only are to be written into the
RBMPs
– Consultation processes on both national and international
level.
– LEADER + as part of Structural Funds – can help to
implement the water management projects under Water
Framework Directive
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5 Tools for water protection in
the current CAP 2
5.2. Rural development:
• Investments into agricultural enterprices (holdings)(new manure storages and spreading equimpent)
• Young farmers should follow minimm standards
• Training programmes: Org. farming, water protection
• Early retirement
• Less favourable areas, LFA (may contain Natura 2000
wetlands)
• Agri environmental measures. Compulsory additional
programmes for 2007-2013 required
• Products processed and marketed in “water friendly
way”.
• Forestation subsidies to be directed to areas with
sensitive ground water or for creating buffer strips
• Adoption and development or rural areas
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6 Development of the CAP from
point of view of water protection
• Progress report of the CAP and
Communication No 2002/394. Proposals:
• Decoupling: subsidies based on former support, free
choice of crops; geographical differences in pollution load
• Cross compliance: requirements from 14 directives on
Health protection, ocupational environment, animal
welfare etc as precondition for receiving futher subsidies.
• Modulation and degressivity: Gradual decrease of
direct subsidies to production activites. 6% to rural dev
• New temporary and decreasing measures in the EU
rural development policy for implementing compulsory
environmental standards
• Abandonment of land for protecting the environment
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WFD implementation and CAP reform
STEP 1 2003
River basins borders, WFD
transposed into national legislation
After the pragress report for CAP a long term activity plan
For sustainable agriculture was compiled
STEP 2 2004
RB characterised, econ analyses
of water use, environm. quality
objectives; water prot. areas,
human act impacts
Komisjon koostab koondaruande liikmesriikide
CAP vahearuannetest. Kommunikatsioon Agenda 2007 ja
vajadusel seaduse täiendmamise ettepanekud
STEP 3 2005
Planning program of measures,
outline of RBMP, start of
monitoring programme
Discussion and adoption of “AGENDA 2007”
With relevand budget proposal
STEP 3 2006
Publishing TIMETABLE AND
WORKPLAN for RBMP,
6 months for comments
Discussion and adoption of
new Rural Development Plans
STEP 4 2007
Publishing IMPORTANT WATER
MANAGEMENT ISSUES,
6 months for coments
Implementing new rural development plans
STEP 5 2008
Publishing DRAFT RBMP, 6
months for comments
STEP 6 2009
Publishing final version of RBMP,
progr of measures
STEP 7 2012
Implementation of programme of
measures
STEP 8 2015
Evaluation and updating in every
6th year
2013- end of the next cycle of rural development plans
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7 New environmental standards
Water Framework Directive sets new environmental standards
(leading to different limitations in different river basins). Member
States must declare how they plan to ensure that new standards
will be met. Possibilities:
• Obligatory management requirements (as the
preconditions for paying subsidies)
• Compensations to farmers in NATURA 2000
(wetland) areas.
• New measure – temporary and decreasing subsidies
helping to get used to new requirements.
• In selected, especially endangered areas – sufficient
economic subsidies in the form of agrienvironmental
measures.
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8 Conclusions
During the next CAP financing cycle (2007-2003) the
WFD can be implemented via...:
1)
2)
3)
4)
...possibilities that already exist in the current CAP;
...changing voluntary Good Agricultural Practices into an obligation;
...subsidies to farmers who go beyond obligatory requirements (it
may be done under the “agrienvironmental measures”);
...subsidies for meeting new environmental standards.
1)
2)
5)
As a completely new measure under Water Framework Directive implementation
Or as a new support under current Less Favorable Areas chapter (EC Regulation
No 1257/1999 art 16, compensations in Natura 2000 wetlands)
...better collaboration of the authorities planning rural development
and river basin management plans.
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