Transcript Title of presentation - Constructing Excellence in Wales

Wales Building Regulations 2013 Part L
New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Sam Archer - Sustainable Development Group, AECOM
5, 6, 12 and 13 September 2012
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Recap on 5 criteria for Building Regulations Part L2A compliance
Criteria:
1. Building Emission Rate ≤ Target Emission Rate
2. Limits on design flexibility
3. Limiting the effects of solar gains in summer
4. Quality of construction & commissioning
5. Providing information / O&M instructions
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Criterion 2: Limits on design flexibility
• Non-domestic Building Services
Compliance Guide
• Reasonable Provision…
• Values that should not be worse than
• Example:
• Notional Building, chiller SEER = 4.5
• Back stop, chiller SEER = 2.5
• Sufficient as Energy Efficiency limit?
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Criterion 1 – Target Emission Rate (TER)
Recipe / Aggregate approach in 2010
Notional Recipe Approach
Actual U-values and
efficiencies
BER
Actual Building
Actual size, shape,
orientation, uses,
weather and system
types but....
....notional U-values
and efficiencies
TER
Notional Building
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Criterion 1 – Energy Efficiency
• Existing Part L concentrates on CO2
• CO2 makes it possible to “greenwash” with renewable technologies,
especially biomass.
• Desire to implement Energy Efficiency test before application of
renewables as FEES in England for domestic
• Other EU member states implementing EPBD use primary energy as
metric for energy regulations (Republic of Ireland, Germany, Italy)
• Primary Energy is proposed for Wales in Consultation
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Criterion 1 – What is primary energy?
• Primary Energy is:
energy which has not undergone any
conversion or transformation process.
• Example, primary energy factor (PEF)
for grid electricity: 2.58
• i.e. 2.58 units of primary fuel consumed
for every 1 unit of electricity delivered
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Criterion 1 – What is primary energy?
• Primary Energy helps reduce greenwash since, for example:
• Biomass PEF = 1.07 KWh / KWh
• Gas PEF = 1.02 KWh / KWh
• No incentive to use biomass in primary energy calculation
• SAP consultation includes no guidance on PEF for renewable electricity
produced on-site...
• ...Taken as 1.0 in many member states but decided in Wales to take
grid average to reduce greenwash further
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Criterion 1 – Introduction of Target Primary Energy Consumption
(TPEC) in addition to TER
Retain Notional Recipe Approach
BPEC
Actual U-values and
efficiencies
BER
Actual Building
Actual size, shape,
orientation, uses,
weather and system
types but....
....notional U-values
and efficiencies
TER
TPEC
Notional Building
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 12
• Do you agree with the proposal for 2013 for non-domestic
buildings to explicitly regulate energy efficiency separately
from low carbon technologies through the assessment of
primary energy consumption (PEC)? Does PEC seem like a
reasonable basis for standards setting?
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Aggregate reduction – different % targets for different buildings
• Each building type has different target reduction on Part L
2010
• Target attempts to fairly distribute costs of compliance
across building types
• Aggregate made up of
• Carbon reduction
• Multiplied by build-rate
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Packages modelled - Fabric
Fabric
Element
Unit
Roof
Wall
Floor
Window
Window
U-value (W/m2.K)
U-value (W/m2.K)
U-value (W/m2.K)
U-value (W/m2.K)
G-Value
Window
Light transmittance
Roof-light
U-value (W/m2.K)
Roof-light
G-Value
Light transmittance
Air-permeability
m3/m2/hour
Package A Package B Package C Package D
(2010
Notional)
0.18
0.18
0.16
0.10
0.26
0.26
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.20
0.15
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.4
40% (10% 40% (10% 40% (10%
40% (10%
FF)
FF)
FF)
FF)
71%
71%
71%
71%
1.8 (15%
FF)
55%
60%
1.8 (15%
FF)
52%
57%
1.6 (15%
FF)
48%
53%
1.4 (15% FF)
5
3
3
3
45%
50%
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Packages modelled – Building services
Building Services
Element
Unit
Lighting
Luminaire lm/ circuit watt
Occupancy control
Yes/no
Daylight control
Heating efficiency
Yes/no
Heating and hot water
(side lit)
Heating and hot water
(top lit) – i.e. gas-radiant
space heating
Heating efficiency
Package 1
(2010
Notional)
55
Package 2
Package 3
65
65
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
88%
Yes
91%
Yes
91%
86%
91%
91%
1.8
1.8
1.8
Central Ventilation
SFP (w/l/s)
Terminal Unit
Cooling
Heat recovery
Variable
speed
control of fans and
pumps
Demand
control
(mech vent only)
SFP (w/l/s)
SEER
%
Yes/no – multiple sensors
0.5
4.5
70%
Yes
0.4
4.5
70%
Yes
0.3
4.5
70%
Yes
Yes/no – CO2 sensing
with variable speed
No
Yes
Yes
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Initial Results – Energy Efficiency Packages
Primary Energy Reduction on 2010
A1
A2
A3
0.0%
8.3%
9.5%
B1
B2
B3
2.4%
10.5%
11.6%
C1
C2
C3
4.4%
12.5%
13.5%
D1
D2
D3
7.5%
15.4%
16.3%
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Packages for consultation
Package
PE
Reduction
Package
PE
Reduction
Primary School
B1
0.5%
B2
8%
Office
A2
14.8%
A3
19%
Hotel
B1
0.9%
B2
6%
Warehouse
A2
5.7%
A2
6%
Community Hospital
B1
1.4%
B2
10%
Multi-Residential
B1
0.8%
B2
9%
Retail
A2
9.7%
A3
12%
Aggregate
7%
10%
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Packages for consultation – 10% PE reduction
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Packages for consultation – 10% PE reduction
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 13
• Which package of fabric and services should be selected: 7%
or 10%? Please give reasons for your choice
Consultation Question 14
• Do you foresee any particular issues for certain categories of
building?
Consultation Question 18
• Do you think that a further recipe should be created for
buildings under 250m2 and aligned with the proposed
domestic recipe? Are there particular reasons why smaller
buildings find compliance with the non-domestic recipes
difficult? Please justify your views.
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Need for Low and Zero Carbon Technologies in notional building?
 Once Energy Efficiency measures exhausted target can only be moved
forward by assuming LZC technologies
 But which ones?
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Need for Low and Zero Carbon Technologies in notional building?
 Conclusion: PV only technology applicable in all cases
 Notional building includes % roof area covered in PV
 Expressed as % floor area
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 15
 Which approach should be utilised to incorporate the
contribution of low carbon technologies into the setting the
Target Emission Rate (TER), for non domestic buildings:
• Fixed carbon reduction (in kg.CO2/m2/year)
• Percentage of roof area of PV
• Percentage of floor area of PV
• Other
 Please give reasons for your choice
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Target Emission Rate
Target Emission Rate (TER) is retained to allow and incentivise renewables
once Energy Efficiency target met. Still a measure of CO2
• TER generated by same notional building as used for TPEC
• But PV added to the notional
• 3 target reductions (A, B and C) proposed for consultation, 10%, 11% and
20% as follows:
Consultation Target
Fabric and Services Recipe
Aggregated Primary Energy
Reduction
Aggregated CO2 Reduction
without renewables
Proposed PV added to
notional building as proxy
for renewables
Aggregated CO2 Reduction
with PV percentage added
A
Lower
B
Higher
C
Higher
7%
10%
10%
8%
11%
11%
1% PV
No PV
5% PV
10%
11%
20%
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 16
 The proposals explain the Government’s preference for a
20% aggregate improvement in CO2 performance standards
for new non-domestic buildings from October 2013. Which
option do you prefer and why.
• No change
• Target A: 10% aggregate improvement (1% PV)
• Target B: 11% aggregate improvement (No PV)
• Target C: 20% aggregate improvement (5% PV)
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 17
 Do the proposed 2013 notional buildings as set out in the
changes to the National Calculation Methodology seem like a
reasonable basis for standards setting? Please provide
comments on the method used to develop the notional
buildings and particular elements of one or more of the
notional buildings, if relevant.
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Treatment of Renewable Heat
 Biomass and Heat Pumps
• 2010
– If biomass or heat pumps used in Actual building also used in Notional
building
– Little carbon benefit therefore from biomass boilers or heat pumps
• 2013
– Primary Energy metric no longer necessitates 2010 approach
– If gas available gas boiler assumed in notional (whether or not gas used
in actual building)
– If gas not available oil boiler assumed in notional
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Other minor changes
 Treatment of Lighting
• 2010
– Actual design lux level irrelevant – rebased to notional lux level
– So supermarket designed to 2000 lux, rebased to notional building 800
lux
• 2013
– Actual installed lighting wattage used so penalising overlit spaces.
– Incentivises better lighting design, i.e. Only lighting the task areas and
not the whole room
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Other minor changes
 Treatment of District Heating
• 2010
– Notional CO2 emission factor for heat supplied from district heating
same as in actual.
– Little carbon benefit from connection to district heating.
• 2013
– Notional CO2 emission factor always 0.15 kg.CO2/kWh regardless of
actual emission factor
– Allows carbon benefit where efficient district heating is employed
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation on Mixed Mode Ventilation
• Currently notional building has same servicing strategy as actual building
• Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) methodology different:
– Reference building is mixed mode always
• Consultation question asks whether Part L should adopt EPC methodology
to incentivise lower carbon servicing strategy
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 19
 Although we recognise that some buildings may need to be serviced in a
particular way for legitimate functional or environmental reasons, should
Part L incentivises a lower carbon servicing strategy (as with the current
Energy Performance Certificate methodology), by basing the notional
building on mixed-mode ventilation?
Consultation Question 20
 Do you have any other comments on the proposed changes to Approved
Document L2A or the non-domestic National Calculation Methodology?
Please make it clear which issue each comment relates to by identifying
the relevant paragraph number.
Wales Building Regulations 2013 – New Build Non-Domestic – Part L2A
Consultation Question 21
 The Impact Assessment makes a number of assumptions on the costs of
fabric/services/ renewables, new build rates, etc for new non-domestic
buildings. Do you think these assumptions are fair and reasonable?
Please justify your views.
Consultation Question 22
 Overall, do you think the impact assessment is a fair and reasonable
assessment of the potential costs and benefits of the proposed options for
new non-domestic buildings? Please justify your view and provide
alternative evidence if necessary.
Thank you
[email protected]
5, 6, 12 and 13 September 2012