Transcript Chapter 5 The Spirit of Independence (1763

Have you ever disagreed with a policy
enacted by the government?
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B. No
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Chapter 5 The Spirit of
Independence (1763-1776)
Section 3 A Call to Arms
What brought about the clash between
American colonists and British soldiers at
Lexington and Concord?
The Continental Congress
• September
1774, 55
delegates from
the colonies
(except
Georgia) met
• In Philadelphia
• Met to
represent
American
interests and
challenge
British control
• Called the
Continental
Congress
The purpose of the Continental
Congress was to accomplish which
of the following tasks?
A. Support British rule
B. Explore a new continent
C. Challenge British control
D. Establish a new boycott
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Delegates to the Congress
• Massachusetts sent
Samuel Adams and
his cousin John
Adams
• New York sent John
Jay
• Virginia sent
Richard Henry Lee,
Patrick Henry, and
George Washington
• Patrick Henry said “I
am not a Virginian,
but an American”
Decisions of the Congress
• The Delegates drafted
grievances calling for a
repeal of the acts
• Said the laws violated
their rights
• Voted to boycott British
trade
• Decided to endorse
the Suffolk Resolves
• Called for people to
arm themselves
against the British
• People formed militias
(groups of citizen
soldiers)
Training Militias
• Mostly in New
England
• Had training
sessions
• Made bullets
• Stockpiled rifles and
muskets
• Minutemen were
ready to fight on a
minute’s notice
Britain Sends Troops
• King George said the New
England Colonies were “in
a state of rebellion”
• George realized that
fighting was going to
happen
• By April 1775, several
thousand British soldiers
were in and around
Boston
• Many more were on their
way
• Under the command of
Thomas Gage, the British
were to take the weapons
of the militias
• Also arrest the leaders
Militia Weapons
• Gage learned that
the weapons and
ammunition was at
Concord
• About 20 miles
northwest of
Boston
• Lieutenant Colonel
Francis Smith and
700 troops were
sent to Concord
• “Where you will
seize and destroy
all the artillery and
ammunition you
can find”
Alerting the Colonists
• On the night of April 18th, 1775
Dr. Joseph Warren saw the
British begin to march out of
Boston
• Warren told Paul Revere and
William Dawes (Both members
of the sons of liberty)
• They rode to Lexington to
warn Samuel Adams and John
Hancock
• “The British are coming” “The
regulars are out!”
• Adams said “What a glorious
morning this is!” ready to fight
for independence
The Redcoats March On
• At dawn the Redcoats
approached
Lexington
• 70 minutemen were
there led by John
Parker
• Minutemen stood on
the town common with
muskets in hand
• The British yelled
“Throw down your
arms, ye villains, ye
rebels!”
The Shot Heard Round The World
• Somebody fired, then
both sides exchanged
bullets
• 8 minutemen were dead
• The British troops moved
to take the ammunition,
but most had already
been moved
• They destroyed the
remaining supplies
• At Concord’s North
Bridge, the Minutemen
turned back the British
Where did the first battles of the
Revolution take place?
A. Boston and New York
B. Washington and Philadelphia
C. Suffolk and Charlestown
D. Lexington and Concord
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Marching Back to Boston
• Blacksmiths, farmers,
clerks, and others hid
behind trees and stone
fences
• The militia fired at them
as they marched
• By the time they
reached Boston, at
least 174 were injured
and 73 were dead
• The battle for
independence had
begun
Benedict Arnold
• Commander of the
Connecticut militia
• Was authorized to take
Fort Ticonderoga on Lake
Champlain
• Ticonderoga had needed
military supplies
• Ethan Allen helped with
this attack with his Green
Mountain Boys
• They caught the British by
surprise and they
surrendered the fort on
May 10th
Building Forces
• Committees of
Correspondence
sent out calls for
volunteers (helpers)
to join the militias
• The colonial militia
was about 20,000
strong
• The British and
Colonists waited for
who would make the
next move
The Next Move
• June 16th, 1775 about
1,200 militiamen under
William Prescott
• Set up fortifications at
Bunker Hill and
Breed’s Hill across the
harbor from Boston
• The British decided to
take the hill
• Colonel Prescott said
“Don’t fire until you see
the whites of their
eyes”
Battle of Bunker Hill
• William Howe with
2,200 men
• Crossed by boat to
the beaches below
Breeds Hills
• Formed assault lines
• Guns ready, drums
beat, marched up the
hill
• 15 paces away the
Patriots began firing
More of the Battle of Bunker Hill
• Twice the British rushed the
hill
• Twice they were turned back
• American gunpowder ran
out
• British took the hill
• Patriots viewed this as a
victory
• Over 1,000 redcoats were
killed or wounded- 400
Patriot casualties
• Patriots held its own against
the world’s most powerful
army
• The British learned that
defeating the Americans
would not be quick or easy
Which of the following shows the correct
chronology?
A. Bunker Hill, Lexington,
Ft. Ticonderoga
B. Concord, Yorktown,
Lexington
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C. Yorktown, Lexington,
Concord
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D. Lexington, Ft. Ticonderoga, BunkerD.
HillD
Choosing Sides
• Americans had to make a
choice
• Join the rebels or remain
loyal to Great Britain
• Those that stayed with the
British were called
Loyalists
• Those that sided with the
Minutemen were called
Patriots
• This war was not just
between the British and
the Americans, but a civil
war between the colonists
• Patriots against Loyalists
What brought about the clash between
American colonists and British soldiers at
Lexington and Concord?
-Americans were arming themselves and
expected an armed confrontation with British
troops.
-The British gave the Americans an excuse to
confront them when British soldiers were
ordered to march to Concord and seize
artillery and weapons.
Chapter 5 Section 3 Quiz
Who said that "blows must decide"
who would rule America?
George III
Edward III
Philip III
James III
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B.
C.
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Who had orders to take away the
weapons of the Massachusetts militia?
A. George
Washington
B. William Dawes
C. Thomas Gage
D. Paul Revere
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Who, along with Paul Revere, warned John
Hancock and Samuel Adams that the British
were coming?
A. John Adams
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B. Thomas Gage
C. George
Washington
D. William Dawes
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The Green Mountain Boys, who captured
the British-held Fort Ticonderoga, were led
by
A. Paul Revere.
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B. Ethan Allen.
C. George
Washington.
D. Ralph Waldo
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The British learned that defeating the
Americans would not be easy after the
British won the
Battle of Bunker
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Hill.
Battle of Boston.
Battle of Concord.
Battle of
Lexington.
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