Transcript Slide 1

Fig. 11-1: Applications of optical amplifiers
Fig. 11-2: Generic optical amplifier
Fig. 11-3: Amplifier gain versus power
Fig. 11-4: Erbium energy-level diagram
Fig. 11-5: EDFA configurations
Fig. 11-6: Gain versus EDFA length
Fig. 11-7: Gain versus pump level
Fig. 11-8: Output versus wavelength
Fig. 11-10: EDFA Noise Figure
Fig. 11-11: SNR degradation
Fig. 11-12a: Gain-flattened EDFA-A
Fig. 11-12b: Gain-flattened EDFA-B
Fig. 11-13: Passive gain control
Fig. 11-14: Wavelength conversion