Transcript Put that in the Form of a Question, Please!”
Chapter 2 Review Constructive & Destructive Forces Created by Stacy Royster & Suzanne Culbreth
Landforms Causes of Changes to Landforms Earthquakes Volcanoes Humans Role in Science Other
Which landform is much higher than the surrounding land?
Mountain
What is a sand dune?
A sand hill that is made and shaped by wind
What is a plain?
A large, flat landform with little relief
What does the word “mesa” mean in Spanish?
table
Name 2 Mountain Ranges.
Rocky Mountains Appalachian Mountains
What is the process of wearing away rocks?
weathering
What is erosion?
The process of moving sediment by wind, water, or ice
What is deposition?
The process by which sediment drops out of water
Where would you most likely find a delta?
Near a river’s mouth
Give 2 examples of weathering.
1. Waves crashing against a cliff 2. a plant growing in a crack in a rock 3. sand blowing against a rocky surface
Name the 4 earth’s layers.
Crust mantle outer core inner core
What is an earthquake?
Movement of the ground caused by a sudden release of energy in Earth’s crust
What is a fault?
A break in Earth’s crust
Who is a seismologist?
A person who studies earthquakes
What causes an earthquake?
A sudden release of energy in Earth’s crust
What is a volcano?
A mountain made of lava, ash, or other materials from eruptions
What is magma?
Melted, molten rock that is beneath Earth’s surface
What causes a chain of volcanoes to occur?
The movement of a plate over a hot spot
What is a column of hot magma called?
A hot spot
What group of islands was formed by a chain of volcanoes?
Hawaiian Islands
What is a wall-like structure that sticks out into the ocean?
A jetty
Name 1 method of flood control.
Dam, levee, or allowing rivers to reclaim floodplains
What does a seismograph record?
Movements in Earth’s crust
What does the root word “seismos” mean?
Shock or earthquake
How do seismologists help prevent earthquake damage?
They locate areas most likely to shake during quakes, and allow people to plan safety programs.
How can earthquakes be destructive?
Roads and bridges are damaged, buildings fall
Where does the most damage usually occur from an earthquake?
An epicenter
How do mountains form?
Where plates come together, part of the crust is forced up. When pressure is applied, the edges of a plate may be forced up.
Which layer of the Earth’s crust contains soft areas on which plates float?
mantle
What causes a sinkhole to form?
Water weathers and erodes soft rock underground, forming a cave. If the roof of the cave collapses and the cave is near the surface, a sinkhole forms.